18-wheeler
Pathogen resistance
Unknown,
Unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lazzaro BP; Sackton TB; Clark AG (2006)
Genetic variation in Drosophila melanogaster resistance to infection: a comparison across bacteria.
GP00000001
18w
A1ZBR2
Physiology
unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
18-wheeler
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCA2
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab toxin)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tay WT; Mahon RJ; Heckel DG ; et al. (2015)
Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry2Ab Is Conferred by Mutations in an ABC Transpo[...]
GP00000003
ABCA2
A0A0S0G7V0
Physiology
5bp deletion inducing a frameshift N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
ABCA2
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCA2
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab toxin)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tay WT; Mahon RJ; Heckel DG ; et al. (2015)
Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry2Ab Is Conferred by Mutations in an ABC Transpo[...]
GP00000004
ABCA2
A0A0S0G7V0
Physiology
5bp (GAATA) nucleotide duplication inducing a frameshift N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
ABCA2
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCA2
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab toxin)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Helicoverpa punctigera
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tay WT; Mahon RJ; Heckel DG ; et al. (2015)
Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry2Ab Is Conferred by Mutations in an ABC Transpo[...]
GP00002056
ABCA2
A0A0S0G7V0
Physiology
14bp deletion resulting in missense mutations. N
Helicoverpa punctigera
(species)
Helicoverpa punctigera
(species) D
ABCA2
Helicoverpa punctigera
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCA2
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab toxin)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Mathew LG; Ponnuraj J; Mallappa B ; et al. (2018)
ABC transporter mis-splicing associated with resistance to Bt toxin Cry2Ab in laboratory- and field-[...]
GP00002057
ABCA2
A0A0S0G7V0
Physiology
loss of exon 6 caused by alternative splicing N
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species)
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species) D
ABCA2
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCB1
Plant size (dwarfism)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Sorghum bicolor
sorghum - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Multani DS; Briggs SP; Chamberlin MA ; et al. (2003)
Loss of an MDR transporter in compact stalks of maize br2 and sorghum dw3 mutants.
GP00000007
ABCB1
Q9ZR72
Morphology
882bp direct duplication in exon 5 of the dw3 allele driving loss-of-function N
Sorghum bicolor
sorghum - (species)
Sorghum bicolor
sorghum - (species)
ABCB1
Sorghum bicolor
sorghum - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCB1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry3Aa toxin)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Chrysomela tremula
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pauchet Y; Bretschneider A; Augustin S ; et al. (2016)
A P-Glycoprotein Is Linked to Resistance to the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry3Aa Toxin in a Leaf Beetle[...]
GP00002466
ABCB1
P08183
Physiology
a four-base-pair deletion at position 1561 introducing a frame shift with a premature stop codon leading to loss of the TpM1 transporter motif as well as the complete second transmembrane domain N
Chrysomela tremula
(species)
Chrysomela tremula
(species) D
ABCB1
Chrysomela tremula
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCB4
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bariami V; Jones CM; Poupardin R ; et al. (2012)
Gene amplification, ABC transporters and cytochrome P450s: unraveling the molecular basis of pyrethr[...]
GP00002607
Abcb4
P21440
Physiology
ABCB4 gene amplified about 6–7 times
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
ABCB4
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCC2
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt toxins)
Coding,
Complex Change
N
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Banerjee R; Hasler J; Meagher R ; et al. (2017)
Mechanism and DNA-based detection of field-evolved resistance to transgenic Bt corn in fall armyworm[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002461
MRP1
H8YF43
Physiology
A nine-base deletion (position 39–47) and a two-base insertion (GC at position 2218) lead to a frameshift and the occurrence of a premature stop codon. The truncated protein is 746 amino acids whereas the ABCC2 of the susceptible strain encodes a protein of 1349 amino acids. N
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species)
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species) D
ABCC2
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCC2
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt toxins)
Coding,
Complex Change
N
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Boaventura D; Ulrich J; Lueke B ; et al. (2020)
Molecular characterization of Cry1F resistance in fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda from Brazil.
GP00002462
MRP1
H8YF43
Physiology
two mutations in the extracellular loop 4 (ECL4) of ABCC2: a deletion of two amino acids (GY) at positions 788 and 789 and the change of a proline to either lysine or arginine at position 799. Expression of mutated ABCC2 in insect cells confirmed the role of these mutations in toxin binding. N
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species)
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species) D
ABCC2
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABCG2
Milk yield
Unknown,
Unknown
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
García-Fernández M; Gutiérrez-Gil B; Sánchez JP ; et al. (2011)
The role of bovine causal genes underlying dairy traits in Spanish Churra sheep.
GP00000016
Abcg2
Q7TMS5
Physiology
unknown
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
ABCG2
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
ABO antigen blood type
Coding,
SNP
Homininae
(subfamily)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Yamamoto F; Hakomori S (1990)
Sugar-nucleotide donor specificity of histo-blood group A and B transferases is based on amino acid [...]
1 Additional References
GP00000017
ABO
P16442
Physiology
Gly268 (group A) <-> Ala (group B)
Homininae
(subfamily)
Homininae
(subfamily)
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
Homininae
(subfamily)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
ABO antigen blood type
Coding,
SNP
Homininae
(subfamily)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Yamamoto F; Hakomori S (1990)
Sugar-nucleotide donor specificity of histo-blood group A and B transferases is based on amino acid [...]
1 Additional References
GP00000018
ABO
P16442
Physiology
Leu266 (group A) <-> Met (group B)
Homininae
(subfamily)
Homininae
(subfamily)
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
Homininae
(subfamily)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
ABO antigen blood type
Coding,
Deletion
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Yamamoto F; Hakomori S (1990)
Sugar-nucleotide donor specificity of histo-blood group A and B transferases is based on amino acid [...]
1 Additional References
GP00000019
ABO
P16442
Physiology
1bp deletion (258G) resulting in frameshift N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
ABO antigen blood type
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Yamamoto F; McNeill PD; Yamamoto M ; et al. (1993)
Molecular genetic analysis of the ABO blood group system: 4. Another type of O allele.
1 Additional References
GP00000020
ABO
P16442
Physiology
Arg176+Gly268 (group A) <-> Gly176+Arg268 (group O03 = weak AB allele rather than complete loss-of-function)
two nucleotide substitutions at nt. 526 and nt. 802. The authors have not examined whether both amino acid substitutions are necessary to disrupt the enzymatic activity or if one of them is sufficient. Nevertheless they assume that the single amino acid substitution at aa. 268 (glycine+arginine) may be crucial for their nullifying effect.
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
ABO antigen blood type
Coding,
Insertion
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hosseini-Maaf B; Irshaid NM; Hellberg A ; et al. (2005)
New and unusual O alleles at the ABO locus are implicated in unexpected blood group phenotypes.
1 Additional References
GP00000021
ABO
P16442
Physiology
1bp insertion resulting in premature stop codon N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
ABO antigen blood type
Coding,
SNP
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hosseini-Maaf B; Irshaid NM; Hellberg A ; et al. (2005)
New and unusual O alleles at the ABO locus are implicated in unexpected blood group phenotypes.
1 Additional References
GP00000022
ABO
P16442
Physiology
1bp change resulting in stop codon N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
ABO antigen blood type
Coding,
Unknown
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kermarrec N; Roubinet F; Apoil PA ; et al. (1999)
Comparison of allele O sequences of the human and non-human primate ABO system.
GP00000023
ABO
P16442
Physiology
Uncertain; possibly 9bp deletion resultin in 3a.a. deletion
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
ABO antigen blood type
Unknown,
Unknown
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kermarrec N; Roubinet F; Apoil PA ; et al. (1999)
Comparison of allele O sequences of the human and non-human primate ABO system.
GP00000024
ABO
P16442
Physiology
unknown
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
ABO histo blood group glycosyltransferase
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; cyclic ketoenol)
Coding,
SNP
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lueke B; Douris V; Hopkinson JE ; et al. (2020)
Identification and functional characterization of a novel acetyl-CoA carboxylase mutation associated[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002513
ACC
Q7JV23
Physiology
A2083V
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; spiromesifen)
Coding,
SNP
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
greenhouse whitefly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Karatolos N; Williamson MS; Denholm I ; et al. (2012)
Resistance to spiromesifen in Trialeurodes vaporariorum is associated with a single amino acid repla[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002556
ACC
Q7JV23
Physiology
E645K
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
greenhouse whitefly - (species)
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
greenhouse whitefly - (species) D
acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
greenhouse whitefly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; spirotetramat)
Coding,
SNP
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Singh KS; Cordeiro EMG; Troczka BJ ; et al. (2021)
Global patterns in genomic diversity underpinning the evolution of insecticide resistance in the aph[...]
GP00002616
ACC
Q7JV23
Physiology
a single non-synonymous mutation (gCt > gTt) resulting in an alanine to valine substitution in a highly conserved region of the ACC carboxyltransferase (CT) domain
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles albimanus
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Weill M; Malcolm C; Chandre F ; et al. (2004)
The unique mutation in ace-1 giving high insecticide resistance is easily detectable in mosquito vec[...]
GP00000026
Ace
P07140
Physiology
G119S
Anopheles albimanus
(species)
Anopheles albimanus
(species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Anopheles albimanus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Weill M; Lutfalla G; Mogensen K ; et al. (2003)
Comparative genomics: Insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors.
GP00000027
Ace
P07140
Physiology
G119S
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Weill M; Lutfalla G; Mogensen K ; et al. (2003)
Comparative genomics: Insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors.
GP00000028
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Gly119Ser (119 is the corresponding position in Torpedo) - GGC to AGC
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Weill M; Lutfalla G; Mogensen K ; et al. (2003)
Comparative genomics: Insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors.
GP00000029
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Gly119Ser (119 is the corresponding position in Torpedo) - GGC to AGC
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Alout H; Berthomieu A; Cui F ; et al. (2007)
Different amino-acid substitutions confer insecticide resistance through acetylcholinesterase 1 inse[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000030
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F331W
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species)
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Culex vishnui
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Alout H; Berthomieu A; Cui F ; et al. (2007)
Different amino-acid substitutions confer insecticide resistance through acetylcholinesterase 1 inse[...]
GP00000031
Ace
P07140
Physiology
G119S
Culex vishnui
(species)
Culex vishnui
(species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Culex vishnui
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
3 Mutations:
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Shang Q; Pan Y; Fang K ; et al. (2014)
Extensive Ace2 duplication and multiple mutations on Ace1 and Ace2 are related with high level of or[...]
4 Additional References
GP00000036
Ace
P07140
Physiology
3 mutations
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Assogba BS; Milesi P; Djogbénou LS ; et al. (2016)
The ace-1 Locus Is Amplified in All Resistant Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes: Fitness Consequences of [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001372
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Strict tandem duplication of 203kb encompassing 12 genes ; ace1 heterogeneous gene duplication (susceptible G119 and resistant S119 copies)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Assogba BS; Milesi P; Djogbénou LS ; et al. (2016)
The ace-1 Locus Is Amplified in All Resistant Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes: Fitness Consequences of [...]
GP00001373
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Strict tandem 3 times duplication of 203kb encompassing 12 genes with partial internal deletion of 97kb in the third copy - ace1 homogeneous gene duplications (all 3 copies S119 resistant)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Assogba BS; Milesi P; Djogbénou LS ; et al. (2016)
The ace-1 Locus Is Amplified in All Resistant Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes: Fitness Consequences of [...]
GP00001374
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Strict tandem 5 times duplication of 203kb encompassing 12 genes - ace1 homogeneous gene duplications (all 5 copies S119 resistant)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Anazawa Y; Tomita T; Aiki Y ; et al. (2003)
Sequence of a cDNA encoding acetylcholinesterase from susceptible and resistant two-spotted spider m[...]
2 Additional References
GP00002013
Ace
P07140
Physiology
A201S
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Nabeshima T; Kozaki T; Tomita T ; et al. (2003)
An amino acid substitution on the second acetylcholinesterase in the pirimicarb-resistant strains of[...]
GP00002015
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Ser431Phe (position 331 in mature Torpedo protein)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Chilo suppressalis
striped riceborer - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Jiang X; Qu M; Denholm I ; et al. (2009)
Mutation in acetylcholinesterase1 associated with triazophos resistance in rice stem borer, Chilo su[...]
GP00002453
Ace
P07140
Physiology
an amino acid mutation A314S in Ch-ace1 (corresponding to A201S in Torpedo californica AChE) was consistently associated with the occurrence of resistance
Chilo suppressalis
striped riceborer - (species)
Chilo suppressalis
striped riceborer - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Chilo suppressalis
striped riceborer - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lee DW; Choi JY; Kim WT ; et al. (2007)
Mutations of acetylcholinesterase1 contribute to prothiofos-resistance in Plutella xylostella (L.).
3 Additional References
GP00002454
Ace
P07140
Physiology
2 mutations
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Mavridis K; Papapostolou KM; Ilias A ; et al. (2022)
Next-generation molecular diagnostics (TaqMan qPCR and ddPCR) for monitoring insecticide resistance [...]
GP00002512
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F331W
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Anazawa Y; Tomita T; Aiki Y ; et al. (2003)
Sequence of a cDNA encoding acetylcholinesterase from susceptible and resistant two-spotted spider m[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002571
Ace
P07140
Physiology
S119G
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Anazawa Y; Tomita T; Aiki Y ; et al. (2003)
Sequence of a cDNA encoding acetylcholinesterase from susceptible and resistant two-spotted spider m[...]
2 Additional References
GP00002572
Ace
P07140
Physiology
G328A
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Khajehali J; Van Leeuwen T; Grispou M ; et al. (2010)
Acetylcholinesterase point mutations in European strains of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychida[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002573
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F331W
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Anazawa Y; Tomita T; Aiki Y ; et al. (2003)
Sequence of a cDNA encoding acetylcholinesterase from susceptible and resistant two-spotted spider m[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002574
Ace
P07140
Physiology
D128E
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Li F; Han Z (2004)
Mutations in acetylcholinesterase associated with insecticide resistance in the cotton aphid, Aphis [...]
3 Additional References
GP00002577
Ace
P07140
Physiology
A201S
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Cydia pomonella
codling moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Cassanelli S; Reyes M; Rault M ; et al. (2006)
Acetylcholinesterase mutation in an insecticide-resistant population of the codling moth Cydia pomon[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002580
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F399V = F290V
Cydia pomonella
codling moth - (species)
Cydia pomonella
codling moth - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Cydia pomonella
codling moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Alout H; Berthomieu A; Hadjivassilis A ; et al. (2007)
A new amino-acid substitution in acetylcholinesterase 1 confers insecticide resistance to Culex pipi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002581
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F290V
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Rhopalosiphum padi
bird cherry-oat aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chen MH; Han ZJ; Qiao XF ; et al. (2007)
Mutations in acetylcholinesterase genes of Rhopalosiphum padi resistant to organophosphate and carba[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002587
Ace
P07140
Physiology
S329(228)P
Rhopalosiphum padi
bird cherry-oat aphid - (species)
Rhopalosiphum padi
bird cherry-oat aphid - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Rhopalosiphum padi
bird cherry-oat aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kwon Deok Ho; Cha Deok Jea; Kim Young Ho ; et al. (2012
)
Cloning of the acetylcholinesterase 1 gene and identification of point mutations putatively associat[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002589
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F330S
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kwon Deok Ho; Cha Deok Jea; Kim Young Ho ; et al. (2012
)
Cloning of the acetylcholinesterase 1 gene and identification of point mutations putatively associat[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002590
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F331H
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus kanzawai
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Aiki Yasuhiko; Kozaki Toshinori; Mizuno Hiroshi ; et al. (2005
)
Amino acid substitution in Ace paralogous acetylcholinesterase accompanied by organophosphate resist[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002591
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F331W
Tetranychus kanzawai
(species)
Tetranychus kanzawai
(species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Tetranychus kanzawai
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Anazawa Y; Tomita T; Aiki Y ; et al. (2003)
Sequence of a cDNA encoding acetylcholinesterase from susceptible and resistant two-spotted spider m[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002592
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F331C
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus evansi
red spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Carvalho Renato; Yang Yihua; Field Linda M ; et al. (2012
)
Chlorpyrifos resistance is associated with mutation and amplification of the acetylcholinesterase-1 [...]
1 Additional References
GP00002593
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F331W/Y
Tetranychus evansi
red spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus evansi
red spider mite - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Tetranychus evansi
red spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Laodelphax striatellus
small brown planthopper - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhang Yueliang; Li Shuo; Xu Lu ; et al. (2013
)
Overexpression of carboxylesterase-1 and mutation (F439H) of acetylcholinesterase-1 are associated w[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002594
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F331H
Laodelphax striatellus
small brown planthopper - (species)
Laodelphax striatellus
small brown planthopper - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Laodelphax striatellus
small brown planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Sitobion avenae
English grain aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chen Maohua; Han Zhaojun; Qiao Xianfeng ; et al. (2007
)
Resistance mechanisms and associated mutations in acetylcholinesterase genes in Sitobion avenae (Fab[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002595
Ace
P07140
Physiology
L336S
Sitobion avenae
English grain aphid - (species)
Sitobion avenae
English grain aphid - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Sitobion avenae
English grain aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhang LJ; Jing YP; Li XH ; et al. (2015)
Temperature-sensitive fitness cost of insecticide resistance in Chinese populations of the diamondba[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002598
Ace
P07140
Physiology
A441G
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-1)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh SB; Dolden TA; Moores GD ; et al. (2001)
Identification and characterization of mutations in housefly (Musca domestica) acetylcholinesterase [...]
GP00000040
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Gly365Ala
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh SB; Dolden TA; Moores GD ; et al. (2001)
Identification and characterization of mutations in housefly (Musca domestica) acetylcholinesterase [...]
GP00000041
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Gly262Val
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh SB; Dolden TA; Moores GD ; et al. (2001)
Identification and characterization of mutations in housefly (Musca domestica) acetylcholinesterase [...]
GP00000043
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Gly262Ala
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
4 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Mutero A; Pralavorio M; Bride JM ; et al. (1994)
Resistance-associated point mutations in insecticide-insensitive acetylcholinesterase.
2 Additional References
GP00002011
Ace
P07140
Physiology
4 mutations
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Mutero A; Pralavorio M; Bride JM ; et al. (1994)
Resistance-associated point mutations in insecticide-insensitive acetylcholinesterase.
GP00002012
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Ile199Thr (position 129 in the corresponding mature Torpedo AChE). Tested in vitro in Xenopus oocytes
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Menozzi P; Shi MA; Lougarre A ; et al. (2004)
Mutations of acetylcholinesterase which confer insecticide resistance in Drosophila melanogaster pop[...]
GP00002016
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Gly368Ala (position 328 in the corresponding mature Torpedo AChE). Tested in vitro in Xenopus oocytes - GGC>GCC
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Anthony NM; Brown JK; Markham PG ; et al. (1995
)
Molecular analysis of cyclodiene resistance-associated mutations among populations of the sweetpotat[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002565
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Phe392Trp mutation located in the acyl pocket of the active site gorge and recently shown to confer OP insensitivity in Culex tritaeniorhynchus
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Menozzi P; Shi MA; Lougarre A ; et al. (2004)
Mutations of acetylcholinesterase which confer insecticide resistance in Drosophila melanogaster pop[...]
GP00002568
Ace
P07140
Physiology
E73G
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Li Fei; Han Zhaojun (2004
)
Mutations in acetylcholinesterase associated with insecticide resistance in the cotton aphid, Aphis [...]
1 Additional References
GP00002569
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F78L
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Menozzi P; Shi MA; Lougarre A ; et al. (2004)
Mutations of acetylcholinesterase which confer insecticide resistance in Drosophila melanogaster pop[...]
GP00002570
Ace
P07140
Physiology
E81K
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kozaki T; Shono T; Tomita T ; et al. (2001)
Fenitroxon insensitive acetylcholinesterases of the housefly, Musca domestica associated with point [...]
1 Additional References
GP00002575
Ace
P07140
Physiology
I129V
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Bactrocera oleae
olive fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Vontas JG; Hejazi MJ; Hawkes NJ ; et al. (2002)
Resistance-associated point mutations of organophosphate insensitive acetylcholinesterase, in the ol[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002576
Ace
P07140
Physiology
I129V
Bactrocera oleae
olive fruit fly - (species)
Bactrocera oleae
olive fruit fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Bactrocera oleae
olive fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Temeyer KB; Li AY; Lohmeyer KH ; et al. (2008)
Acetylcholinesterase mutation in diazinon-resistant Haematobia irritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae).
1 Additional References
GP00002578
Ace
P07140
Physiology
G227A
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species)
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhu KY; Lee SH; Clark JM (1996)
A Point Mutation of Acetylcholinesterase Associated with Azinphosmethyl Resistance and Reduced Fitne[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002579
Ace
P07140
Physiology
S238G
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species)
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh SB; Dolden TA; Moores GD ; et al. (2001)
Identification and characterization of mutations in housefly (Musca domestica) acetylcholinesterase [...]
1 Additional References
GP00002582
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F290Y
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Cochliomyia hominivorax
primary screw-worm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
da Silva NM; de Carvalho RA; de Azeredo-Espin AM (2011)
Acetylcholinesterase cDNA sequencing and identification of mutations associated with organophosphate[...]
GP00002583
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F466Y
Cochliomyia hominivorax
primary screw-worm - (species)
Cochliomyia hominivorax
primary screw-worm - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Cochliomyia hominivorax
primary screw-worm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Rhopalosiphum padi
bird cherry-oat aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chen MH; Han ZJ; Qiao XF ; et al. (2007)
Mutations in acetylcholinesterase genes of Rhopalosiphum padi resistant to organophosphate and carba[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002585
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F368(290)L
Rhopalosiphum padi
bird cherry-oat aphid - (species)
Rhopalosiphum padi
bird cherry-oat aphid - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Rhopalosiphum padi
bird cherry-oat aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Rhopalosiphum padi
bird cherry-oat aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chen MH; Han ZJ; Qiao XF ; et al. (2007)
Mutations in acetylcholinesterase genes of Rhopalosiphum padi resistant to organophosphate and carba[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002586
Ace
P07140
Physiology
V435(356)A
Rhopalosiphum padi
bird cherry-oat aphid - (species)
Rhopalosiphum padi
bird cherry-oat aphid - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Rhopalosiphum padi
bird cherry-oat aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Ceratitis capitata
Mediterranean fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Magaña C; Hernández-Crespo P; Brun-Barale A ; et al. (2008)
Mechanisms of resistance to malathion in the medfly Ceratitis capitata.
1 Additional References
GP00002588
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Gly328Ala
Ceratitis capitata
Mediterranean fruit fly - (species)
Ceratitis capitata
Mediterranean fruit fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Ceratitis capitata
Mediterranean fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Nabeshima T; Mori A; Kozaki T ; et al. (2004)
An amino acid substitution attributable to insecticide-insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase in a Ja[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002596
Ace
P07140
Physiology
F331W - F455W whose homologous position in Torped AChE (Phe331) is located in the vicinity of the catalytic His in the acyl pocket of the active site gorge
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species)
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Sitobion avenae
English grain aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chen Maohua; Han Zhaojun; Qiao Xianfeng ; et al. (2007
)
Resistance mechanisms and associated mutations in acetylcholinesterase genes in Sitobion avenae (Fab[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002597
Ace
P07140
Physiology
W435R
Sitobion avenae
English grain aphid - (species)
Sitobion avenae
English grain aphid - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace-2)
Sitobion avenae
English grain aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Bactrocera oleae
olive fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Vontas JG; Hejazi MJ; Hawkes NJ ; et al. (2002)
Resistance-associated point mutations of organophosphate insensitive acetylcholinesterase, in the ol[...]
GP00000037
Ace
P07140
Physiology
2 mutations
Bactrocera oleae
olive fruit fly - (species)
Bactrocera oleae
olive fruit fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Bactrocera oleae
olive fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
Deletion
Bactrocera oleae
olive fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kakani EG; Ioannides IM; Margaritopoulos JT ; et al. (2008)
A small deletion in the olive fly acetylcholinesterase gene associated with high levels of organopho[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000038
Ace
P07140
Physiology
9bp deletion of three glutamine residues at positions 642_644
Bactrocera oleae
olive fruit fly - (species)
Bactrocera oleae
olive fruit fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Bactrocera oleae
olive fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhu KY; Lee SH; Clark JM (1996)
A Point Mutation of Acetylcholinesterase Associated with Azinphosmethyl Resistance and Reduced Fitne[...]
GP00000039
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Ser->Gly at position 238 of the Torpedo AChE
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species)
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh SB; Dolden TA; Moores GD ; et al. (2001)
Identification and characterization of mutations in housefly (Musca domestica) acetylcholinesterase [...]
GP00000042
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Val180Leu
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh SB; Dolden TA; Moores GD ; et al. (2001)
Identification and characterization of mutations in housefly (Musca domestica) acetylcholinesterase [...]
GP00000044
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Phe327Tyr
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Bactrocera dorsalis
oriental fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hsu JC; Haymer DS; Wu WJ ; et al. (2006)
Mutations in the acetylcholinesterase gene of Bactrocera dorsalis associated with resistance to orga[...]
GP00000045
Ace
P07140
Physiology
2 mutations
Bactrocera dorsalis
oriental fruit fly - (species)
Bactrocera dorsalis
oriental fruit fly - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Bactrocera dorsalis
oriental fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhu KY; Lee SH; Clark JM (1996)
A Point Mutation of Acetylcholinesterase Associated with Azinphosmethyl Resistance and Reduced Fitne[...]
GP00002014
Ace
P07140
Physiology
Ser>Gly (238 is the corresponding position in Torpedo)
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species)
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species) D
Acetylcholinesterase (Ace)
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
achaete-scute complex
Bristle number (thorax)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila quadrilineata
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Marcellini S; Simpson P (2006)
Two or four bristles: functional evolution of an enhancer of scute in Drosophilidae.
GP00000049
sc
P10084
Morphology
Not identified
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila quadrilineata
(species)
achaete-scute complex
Drosophila quadrilineata
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
AFGP multigene - antifreeze glycoproteins
Anti-freezing
Coding,
Unknown
Dissostichus mawsoni
Antarctic toothfish - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Chen L; DeVries AL; Cheng CH (1997)
Evolution of antifreeze glycoprotein gene from a trypsinogen gene in Antarctic notothenioid fish.
2 Additional References
GP00000052
afgp8
P24856
Physiology
multiple modifications of a pancreatic; secreted trypsinogen; notably via multiplications of small tri-peptidic repeats
Teleostei
teleost fishes - (infraclass)
Dissostichus mawsoni
Antarctic toothfish - (species)
AFGP multigene - antifreeze glycoproteins
Dissostichus mawsoni
Antarctic toothfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
aggrecan
Body size (dwarfism)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Metzger J; Gast AC; Schrimpf R ; et al. (2017)
Whole-genome sequencing reveals a potential causal mutation for dwarfism in the Miniature Shetland p[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002143
ACAN
P16112
Morphology
g.95282140C>G ; p.Ala505Pro
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
aggrecan
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti
Coloration (coat; dorso-ventral)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Peromyscus polionotus
oldfield mouse - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kingsley EP; Manceau M; Wiley CD ; et al. (2009)
Melanism in peromyscus is caused by independent mutations in agouti.
GP00000055
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
125kb deletion including 5' CDS of Agouti N
Peromyscus polionotus
oldfield mouse - (species)
Peromyscus polionotus
oldfield mouse - (species)
Agouti
Peromyscus polionotus
oldfield mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti
Coloration (coat; dorso-ventral)
Coding,
SNP
N
Peromyscus polionotus
oldfield mouse - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kingsley EP; Manceau M; Wiley CD ; et al. (2009)
Melanism in peromyscus is caused by independent mutations in agouti.
GP00000056
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
Premature stop codon at residue 65 N
Peromyscus polionotus
oldfield mouse - (species)
Peromyscus polionotus
oldfield mouse - (species)
Agouti
Peromyscus polionotus
oldfield mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Girardot M; Guibert S; Laforet MP ; et al. (2006)
The insertion of a full-length Bos taurus LINE element is responsible for a transcriptional deregula[...]
GP00000059
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
LINE element insertion in 5' region of gene; over expression of alternative splice forms
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Agouti
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Panthera pardus
leopard - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Schneider A; David VA; Johnson WE ; et al. (2012)
How the leopard hides its spots: ASIP mutations and melanism in wild cats.
GP00000065
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
nonsense mutation located in exon 4 (C333A) predicted to introduce a stop codon at amino acid position 111 N
Panthera pardus
leopard - (species)
Panthera pardus
leopard - (species) D
Agouti
Panthera pardus
leopard - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Catopuma temminckii
Asiatic golden cat - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Schneider A; David VA; Johnson WE ; et al. (2012)
How the leopard hides its spots: ASIP mutations and melanism in wild cats.
GP00000066
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
C128W (384C>G)
Catopuma temminckii
Asiatic golden cat - (species)
Catopuma temminckii
Asiatic golden cat - (species)
Agouti
Catopuma temminckii
Asiatic golden cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Vulpes vulpes
red fox - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Våge DI; Lu D; Klungland H ; et al. (1997)
A non-epistatic interaction of agouti and extension in the fox, Vulpes vulpes.
GP00000067
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
166 bp deletion in exon 1 N
Vulpes vulpes
red fox - (species)
Vulpes vulpes
red fox - (species) D
Agouti
Vulpes vulpes
red fox - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Leopardus colocolo
Colocolo - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Schneider A; Henegar C; Day K ; et al. (2015)
Recurrent evolution of melanism in South American felids.
GP00001731
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
Arg to Cys substitution in the C-terminal region of ASIP (p.R120C) lies in the critical RFF loop (e.g. a triplet motif made of one arginine and two phenylalanine residues) required for binding to the MC1R N
Leopardus colocolo
Colocolo - (species)
Leopardus colocolo
Colocolo - (species) D
Agouti
Leopardus colocolo
Colocolo - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Leopardus guigna
Kodkod - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Schneider A; Henegar C; Day K ; et al. (2015)
Recurrent evolution of melanism in South American felids.
GP00001732
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
Cys to Tyr substitution in ASIP (p.C126Y) which affects the key disulfide bond that stabilizes the RFF loop N
Leopardus guigna
Kodkod - (species)
Leopardus guigna
Kodkod - (species) D
Agouti
Leopardus guigna
Kodkod - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti
Coloration (coat)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kingsley EP; Manceau M; Wiley CD ; et al. (2009)
Melanism in peromyscus is caused by independent mutations in agouti.
GP00001975
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
125kb deletion ; recessive mutation N
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species)
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species)
Agouti
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Sciurus niger
fox squirrel - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
McRobie HR; Moncrief ND; Mundy NI (2019)
Multiple origins of melanism in two species of North American tree squirrel (Sciurus).
GP00002335
Morphology
Gly121Cys
Sciurus niger
fox squirrel - (species)
Sciurus niger
fox squirrel - (species) D
Agouti
Sciurus niger
fox squirrel - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Mus musculus molossinus
Japanese wild mouse - (subspecies) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tanave A; Imai Y; Koide T (2019)
Nested retrotransposition in the East Asian mouse genome causes the classical nonagouti mutation.
GP00002386
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
Mus musculus molossinus
Japanese wild mouse - (subspecies)
Mus musculus molossinus
Japanese wild mouse - (subspecies) D
Agouti
Mus musculus molossinus
Japanese wild mouse - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Berryere TG; Kerns JA; Barsh GS ; et al. (2005)
Association of an Agouti allele with fawn or sable coat color in domestic dogs.
GP00000060
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
c.244G>T + 248G>A ; p.A82S + p.R83H
A82S and R83H in Linkage Disequilibrium
a G-to-T transversion and a G-to-A transition in exon 4 at positions corresponding to residues 244 and 248 of the cDNA sequence
It is unknown if one or both substitutions alter Agouti protein function
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Agouti (ASIP)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kerns JA; Newton J; Berryere TG ; et al. (2004)
Characterization of the dog Agouti gene and a nonagoutimutation in German Shepherd Dogs.
1 Additional References
GP00000061
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
R96C ; g.23393552C>T c.286C>T p.R96C
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Norris BJ; Whan VA (2008)
A gene duplication affecting expression of the ovine ASIP gene is responsible for white and black sh[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001324
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
~190kb gene duplication causing dominant white phenotype. Duplication was facilitated by homologous recombination between two non-LTR SINE sequences flanking the duplicated segment ; possible involvement of gene conversion.
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Norris BJ; Whan VA (2008)
A gene duplication affecting expression of the ovine ASIP gene is responsible for white and black sh[...]
GP00001325
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
unidentified promoter silencing
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Abitbol M; Legrand R; Tiret L (2015)
A missense mutation in the agouti signaling protein gene (ASIP) is associated with the no light poin[...]
GP00001335
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
c.349T>C p.Cys117Arg
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dreger DL; Schmutz SM (2011 Sep-Oct)
A SINE insertion causes the black-and-tan and saddle tan phenotypes in domestic dogs.
GP00001336
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
A 239bp SINE insertion in reverse orientation in intron 1
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Fontanesi L; Forestier L; Allain D ; et al. (2010)
Characterization of the rabbit agouti signaling protein (ASIP) gene: transcripts and phylogenetic an[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001968
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
an insertion in exon 2 of the black nonagouti allele = c.5_6insA mutation which causes a frameshift and a predicted truncated protein of only 21 amino acids N
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Miller SM; Guthrie AJ; Harper CK (2016)
Single base-pair deletion in ASIP exon 3 associated with recessive black phenotype in impala (Aepyce[...]
GP00001977
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
recessive c.174delA was found in all black phenotype sequences ; premature stop codon (239–241 bp) N
D
Agouti (ASIP)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Camelus dromedarius
Arabian camel - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Almathen F; Elbir H; Bahbahani H ; et al. (2018)
Polymorphisms in MC1R and ASIP Genes are Associated with Coat Color Variation in the Arabian Camel.
1 Additional References
GP00001978
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
1-bp deletion at position 23 resulting in frameshift N
Camelus dromedarius
Arabian camel - (species)
Camelus dromedarius
Arabian camel - (species) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Camelus dromedarius
Arabian camel - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Morgan HD; Sutherland HG; Martin DI ; et al. (1999)
Epigenetic inheritance at the agouti locus in the mouse.
GP00002107
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
insertion of an intra-cisternal A particle (IAP) retrotransposon upstream of the agouti gene (A). This activates transcription and causes ectopic expression of agouti protein; resulting in yellow fur; obesity; diabetes and increased susceptibility to tumours. The pleiotropic effects of ectopic agouti expression are presumably due to effects of the paracrine signal on other tissues.
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (skin)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Yu S; Wang G; Liao J (2019)
Association of a novel SNP in the ASIP gene with skin color in black-bone chicken.
GP00002130
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Agouti (ASIP)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Vicugna pacos
alpaca - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Chandramohan B; Renieri C; La Manna V ; et al. (2013)
The alpaca agouti gene: genomic locus, transcripts and causative mutations of eumelanic and pheomela[...]
GP00002336
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
p.R98C likely affecting conformation in a cysteine-rich domain
Vicugna pacos
alpaca - (species)
Vicugna pacos
alpaca - (species) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Vicugna pacos
alpaca - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat; dorso-ventral)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Letko A; Ammann B; Jagannathan V ; et al. (2020)
A deletion spanning the promoter and first exon of the hair cycle-specific ASIP transcript isoform i[...]
GP00002373
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
"The structural variant represented an approximately 11 kb deletion (NC_013672.1:g.5,455,408_5,466,123del; Fig. 2). In rabbit, there are currently two ASIP transcript isoforms annotated (NCBI annotation release 102). The deletion removes the entire first 5′-untranslated exon of one of these transcripts (NM_001122939.1). (...) he deletion removed the transcription start site and the first untranslated exon of the presumably hair cycle-specific transcript isoform, suggesting that this is the most likely causative variant for the black and tan phenotype." N
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Capra hircus
goat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Henkel J; Dubacher A; Bangerter E ; et al. (2021)
Introgression of ASIP and TYRP1 Alleles Explains Coat Color Variation in Valais Goats.
GP00002381
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
"The white Capra Sempione carried one copy of the AWt allele, which is commonly found in Saanen and Appenzell goats. AWt involves a triplication of ~155 kb comprising the coding sequence of the ASIP, AHCY and ITCH genes (Fontanesi et al. 2009; Henkel et al. 2019). Closer inspection of the short-read alignments revealed that the sequenced Capra Sempione had acquired additional smaller structural alterations compared to the original AWt allele, which comprised a duplication of 1053 bp inserted into a 10 194 bp deletion of the original AWt CNV allele (Supplementary Figure S1)."
Capra hircus
goat - (species)
Capra hircus
goat - (species) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Capra hircus
goat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Agouti (ASIP)
Coloration (coat)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Capra hircus
goat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Henkel J; Dubacher A; Bangerter E ; et al. (2021)
Introgression of ASIP and TYRP1 Alleles Explains Coat Color Variation in Valais Goats.
GP00002382
Asip
Q03288
Morphology
"The greyish Grüenochte goat carried one copy of the Apc allele, which causes the characteristic black and white pattern of Swiss Peacock goats (Henkel et al. 2019). The Apc allele consists of a central quadruplication of ~45 kb with triplicated adjacent flanking regions comprising ~28 kb and ~42 kb, respectively."
Capra hircus
goat - (species)
Capra hircus
goat - (species) D
Agouti (ASIP)
Capra hircus
goat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
AHR
Xenobiotic resistance (dioxins; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; TCDD)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Sterna hirundo hirundo
(subspecies) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Karchner SI; Franks DG; Kennedy SW ; et al. (2006)
The molecular basis for differential dioxin sensitivity in birds: role of the aryl hydrocarbon recep[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001811
Ahr
P30561
Physiology
2 mutations
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Sterna hirundo hirundo
(subspecies) D
AHR
Sterna hirundo hirundo
(subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
AHR2
Xenobiotic resistance (pollution; polychlorinated biphenyls; PCBs)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Microgadus tomcod
Atlantic tomcod - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wirgin I; Roy NK; Loftus M ; et al. (2011)
Mechanistic basis of resistance to PCBs in Atlantic tomcod from the Hudson River.
GP00001809
Ahr
P30561
Physiology
6-bp deletion - (nts 1314 to 1319 in exon 10; TTCCTC) that resulted in a two-amino acid (Phe-Leu) deletion located 43 amino acids downstream of the amino terminal of the AHR2 ligand binding domain N
Microgadus tomcod
Atlantic tomcod - (species)
Microgadus tomcod
Atlantic tomcod - (species) D
AHR2
Microgadus tomcod
Atlantic tomcod - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)
6 Mutations:
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Linkage Mapping
Choudhary M; Laurie CC (1991)
Use of in vitro mutagenesis to analyze the molecular basis of the difference in Adh expression assoc[...]
4 Additional References
GP00001962
Adh
P00334
Physiology
6 mutations
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)
4 Mutations:
Drosophila yakuba
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Loehlin DW; Ames JR; Vaccaro K ; et al. (2019)
A major role for noncoding regulatory mutations in the evolution of enzyme activity.
GP00001963
Adh
P00334
Physiology
4 mutations
Drosophila santomea
(species)
Drosophila yakuba
(species)
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Drosophila yakuba
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)
4 Mutations:
Drosophila erecta
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Loehlin DW; Ames JR; Vaccaro K ; et al. (2019)
A major role for noncoding regulatory mutations in the evolution of enzyme activity.
GP00001964
Adh
P00334
Physiology
4 mutations
Drosophila orena
(species)
Drosophila erecta
(species)
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Drosophila erecta
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)
5 Mutations:
Drosophila virilis
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Loehlin DW; Ames JR; Vaccaro K ; et al. (2019)
A major role for noncoding regulatory mutations in the evolution of enzyme activity.
GP00001965
Adh
P00334
Physiology
5 mutations
Drosophila americana
(species)
Drosophila virilis
(species) D
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Drosophila virilis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Strand DJ; McDonald JF (1989)
Insertion of a copia element 5' to the Drosophila melanogaster alcohol dehydrogenase gene (adh) is a[...]
GP00001989
Adh
P00334
Physiology
insertion of a complete 5.2kb copia retroviral-like transposable element 240 bp upstream from the distal (adult) adh transcriptional start site
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Freeth AL; Gibson JB; Wilks AV (1990)
Aberrant splicing of a naturally occurring alcohol dehydrogenase null activity allele in Drosophila [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001990
Adh
P00334
Physiology
eight extra nucleotides (in two groups of four) in the second intron commencing six bases 3' from the 5' splice site. A stop codon was also found in exon 2. S1 nuclease protection experiments have shown that the insertions in intron 2 disrupt the correct splicing of intron 2. The null allele produces a transcript approximately 100 bases longer than the normal mature adult transcript, and the amount of the null allele transcript is only about 10% of the normal level. N
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Xenobiotic resistance (alcohol)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Gibson JB; Wilks AV; Agrotis A (1992)
Molecular relationships between alcohol dehydrogenase null-activity alleles from natural populations[...]
GP00001991
Adh
P00334
Physiology
438-bp deletion which removes most of exon 2. Lys to Thr substitution: ACG at the sites 1489--1491 N
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ameloblastin (AMBN)
Tooth absence (no enamel production)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Sire JY; Delgado SC; Girondot M (2008)
Hen's teeth with enamel cap: from dream to impossibility.
GP00001934
AMBN
Q9NP70
Physiology
synteny of the corresponding region - the gene has been likely deleted from the chicken genome as a consequence of intrachromosomal rearrangements which have probably occurred in the lineage that led to the last common ancestor of modern birds N
Paleosuchus palpebrosus
Cuvier's dwarf caiman - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
ameloblastin (AMBN)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ameloblastin (AMBN)
Tooth absence (no enamel production)
Coding,
Unknown
N
Mysticeti
baleen whales - (suborder) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Deméré TA; McGowen MR; Berta A ; et al. (2008)
Morphological and molecular evidence for a stepwise evolutionary transition from teeth to baleen in [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001938
AMBN
Q9NP70
Physiology
multiple frameshift mutations N
Cetacea
whales - (order)
Mysticeti
baleen whales - (suborder) D
ameloblastin (AMBN)
Mysticeti
baleen whales - (suborder)
Published - Accepted by Curator
amelogenin (AMEL)
Tooth absence (no enamel production)
3 Mutations:
Coding
N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Sire JY; Delgado SC; Girondot M (2008)
Hen's teeth with enamel cap: from dream to impossibility.
GP00001933
Amelx
P63277
Physiology
3 mutations
Paleosuchus palpebrosus
Cuvier's dwarf caiman - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
amelogenin (AMEL)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
amelogenin (AMEL)
Tooth absence (no enamel production)
Coding,
Unknown
N
Mysticeti
baleen whales - (suborder) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Cheng J ; et al. (2011)
Pseudogenization of the tooth gene enamelysin (MMP20) in the common ancestor of extant baleen whales[...]
GP00001937
Amelx
P63277
Physiology
J. Gatesy 2010 unpublished data cited in the main reference N
Cetacea
whales - (order)
Mysticeti
baleen whales - (suborder) D
amelogenin (AMEL)
Mysticeti
baleen whales - (suborder)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Aminopeptidase N (APN)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ac toxin)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Experimental Evolution
Candidate Gene
Yang Y; Zhu YC; Ottea J ; et al. (2010)
Molecular characterization and RNA interference of three midgut aminopeptidase N isozymes from Bacil[...]
GP00002463
apn
Q9VFX3
Physiology
deletion removing 22 amino acids. The mutant form failed to bind Cry1Ac unlike the full-length susceptible form. N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Aminopeptidase N (APN)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
AMPD1 [clinical; candidate gene study; added for insights on fly-human parallelism]
Drug resistance
Unknown,
Unknown
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wessels JA; van der Kooij SM; le Cessie S ; et al. (2007)
A clinical pharmacogenetic model to predict the efficacy of methotrexate monotherapy in recent-onset[...]
GP00000084
AMPD1
P23109
Physiology
unknown
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
AMPD1 [clinical; candidate gene study; added for insights on fly-human parallelism]
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
amylase
Starch processing
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Pajic P; Pavlidis P; Dean K ; et al. (2019)
Independent amylase gene copy number bursts correlate with dietary preferences in mammals.
GP00001867
Amy1
P00687
Physiology
Copy Number Variation
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species) D
amylase
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
amylase
Starch processing
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Pajic P; Pavlidis P; Dean K ; et al. (2019)
Independent amylase gene copy number bursts correlate with dietary preferences in mammals.
GP00001868
Amy1
P00687
Physiology
Copy Number Variation
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species) D
amylase
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
amylase
Starch processing
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Sus scrofa
pig - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Pajic P; Pavlidis P; Dean K ; et al. (2019)
Independent amylase gene copy number bursts correlate with dietary preferences in mammals.
GP00001869
Amy1
P00687
Physiology
Copy Number Variation
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Sus scrofa
pig - (species) D
amylase
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
amylase
Starch processing
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Cebus capucinus
white-faced sapajou - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Pajic P; Pavlidis P; Dean K ; et al. (2019)
Independent amylase gene copy number bursts correlate with dietary preferences in mammals.
GP00001870
Amy1
P00687
Physiology
3-4 copies of the amylase gene; which coincides with increased levels of amylase activity in saliva
Aotus trivirgatus
douroucouli - (species)
Callithrix jacchus
white-tufted-ear marmoset - (species)
Cebus capucinus
white-faced sapajou - (species) D
amylase
Cebus capucinus
white-faced sapajou - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
amylase
Starch processing
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Papio anubis
olive baboon - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Pajic P; Pavlidis P; Dean K ; et al. (2019)
Independent amylase gene copy number bursts correlate with dietary preferences in mammals.
GP00001871
Amy1
P00687
Physiology
3-4 copies of the amylase gene; which coincides with increased levels of amylase activity in saliva
Cercocebus atys
sooty mangabey - (species)
Macaca mulatta
Rhesus monkey - (species)
Papio anubis
olive baboon - (species) D
amylase
Papio anubis
olive baboon - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
amylase
Starch processing
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Meles leucurus
Asian badger - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Abduriyim Shamshidin; Nishita Yoshinori; Abramov AV ; et al. (2019
)
Variation in pancreatic amylase gene copy number among Eurasian badgers (Carnivora, Mustelidae, Mele[...]
GP00001907
Amy1
P00687
Physiology
Copy Number Variation varies between one and four in this species
Meles leucurus
Asian badger - (species)
Meles leucurus
Asian badger - (species) D
amylase
Meles leucurus
Asian badger - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
amylase 1 (AMY1)
Starch processing
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Perry GH; Dominy NJ; Claw KG ; et al. (2007)
Diet and the evolution of human amylase gene copy number variation.
2 Additional References
GP00000085
AMY1A
P04745
Physiology
Probably gene duplication
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
amylase 1 (AMY1)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Coloration (flowers)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Petunia axillaris
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Quattrocchio F; Wing J; van der Woude K ; et al. (1999)
Molecular analysis of the anthocyanin2 gene of petunia and its role in the evolution of flower color[...]
GP00000089
AN2
A4GRU8
Morphology
1bp deletion at a.a. 127; premature stop N
Petunia integrifolia
(species)
Petunia axillaris
(species) D
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Petunia axillaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Coloration (flowers)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Petunia axillaris
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Quattrocchio F; Wing J; van der Woude K ; et al. (1999)
Molecular analysis of the anthocyanin2 gene of petunia and its role in the evolution of flower color[...]
GP00000090
AN2
A4GRU8
Morphology
4bp insertion at a.a. 127; premature stop N
Petunia integrifolia
(species)
Petunia axillaris
(species) D
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Petunia axillaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Coloration (flowers)
Coding,
SNP
N
Petunia axillaris
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Quattrocchio F; Wing J; van der Woude K ; et al. (1999)
Molecular analysis of the anthocyanin2 gene of petunia and its role in the evolution of flower color[...]
GP00000091
AN2
A4GRU8
Morphology
W196* N
Petunia integrifolia
(species)
Petunia axillaris
(species)
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Petunia axillaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Coloration (flowers)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Petunia axillaris
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hoballah ME; Gübitz T; Stuurman J ; et al. (2007)
Single gene-mediated shift in pollinator attraction in Petunia.
GP00000092
AN2
A4GRU8
Morphology
1bp deletion; premature stop N
Petunia integrifolia
(species)
Petunia axillaris
(species) D
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Petunia axillaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Coloration (flowers)
Coding,
SNP
N
Petunia axillaris
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Hoballah ME; Gübitz T; Stuurman J ; et al. (2007)
Single gene-mediated shift in pollinator attraction in Petunia.
GP00000093
AN2
A4GRU8
Morphology
1 aa substitution; premature stop N
Petunia integrifolia
(species)
Petunia axillaris
(species)
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Petunia axillaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Coloration (flowers)
Coding,
SNP
N
Petunia axillaris
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Hoballah ME; Gübitz T; Stuurman J ; et al. (2007)
Single gene-mediated shift in pollinator attraction in Petunia.
GP00000094
AN2
A4GRU8
Morphology
1 aa substitution; premature stop N
Petunia integrifolia
(species)
Petunia axillaris
(species)
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Petunia axillaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Coloration (anthocyanin accumulation in entire plant)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Capsicum annuum
(species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Jung S; Venkatesh J; Kang MY ; et al. (2019)
A non-LTR retrotransposon activates anthocyanin biosynthesis by regulating a MYB transcription facto[...]
GP00002051
AN2
A4GRU8
Morphology; Physiology
insertion of a 4.2 kb non-LTR retrotransposon in the promoter (672 bp upstream of the start codon of CaAn2) which may activate expression of CaAn2 by recruiting transcription factors at the 3' UTR
Capsicum annuum
(species)
Capsicum annuum
(species) D
anthocyanin2 (an2)
Capsicum annuum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Aquaporin
Water transport (selective accumulation of water or glycerol)
Coding,
SNP
Polypedilum vanderplanki
sleeping chironomid - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Finn RN; Chauvigné F; Stavang JA ; et al. (2015)
Insect glycerol transporters evolved by functional co-option and gene replacement.
GP00001421
AQP1
P29972
Physiology
p.His174Ala
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species)
Polypedilum vanderplanki
sleeping chironomid - (species)
Aquaporin
Polypedilum vanderplanki
sleeping chironomid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Aquaporin (AQY1)
Growth rate (environment-dependent)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Will JL; Kim HS; Clarke J ; et al. (2010)
Incipient balancing selection through adaptive loss of aquaporins in natural Saccharomyces cerevisia[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001873
AQP1
P29972
Physiology
aquaporin yeast 1 gene on chromosome 12 - A881 deletion renders AQY1 inactive - size of the deletion not indicated in the paper - GenBank accession numbers for AQY1 and AQY2: GQ848552-74 and GQ870433-54 N
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
Aquaporin (AQY1)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Aquaporin (AQY2)
Growth rate (environment-dependent)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Will JL; Kim HS; Clarke J ; et al. (2010)
Incipient balancing selection through adaptive loss of aquaporins in natural Saccharomyces cerevisia[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001876
AQP1
P29972
Physiology
aquaporin yeast 2 gene on chromosome 11 - deletion of nucleotide G at position 25 (G25) which creates a frameshift the AQY2 gene - GenBank accession numbers for AQY1 and AQY2: GQ848552-74 and GQ870433-54 N
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
Aquaporin (AQY2)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Aquaporin (AQY2)
Growth rate (environment-dependent)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Will JL; Kim HS; Clarke J ; et al. (2010)
Incipient balancing selection through adaptive loss of aquaporins in natural Saccharomyces cerevisia[...]
GP00001877
AQP1
P29972
Physiology
aquaporin yeast 2 gene on chromosome 11 - G528 deletion which creates a frameshift the AQY2 gene - tested in assays - GenBank accession numbers for AQY1 and AQY2: GQ848552-74 and GQ870433-54 N
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
Aquaporin (AQY2)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
AR
Sensory vibrissae (loss)
Penile spine (loss)
Cis-regulatory,
Deletion
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McLean CY; Reno PL; Pollen AA ; et al. (2011)
Human-specific loss of regulatory DNA and the evolution of human-specific traits.
GP00000102
AR
P10275
Morphology
Morphology
Enhancer loss
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
AR
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ARHGAP11B
Neocortex development (basal progenitor amplification)
Coding,
SNP
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Florio M; Namba T; Pääbo S ; et al. (2016)
A single splice site mutation in human-specific ARHGAP11B causes basal progenitor amplification.
GP00001442
ARHGAP11B
Q3KRB8
Morphology
c.661C>G new splice site mutation removing 55nt from exon 5 truncating a GAP domain N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
ARHGAP11B
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
AtLURE1
Fertilization (pollen-tube attraction by egg)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Takeuchi H; Higashiyama T (2012)
A species-specific cluster of defensin-like genes encodes diffusible pollen tube attractants in Arab[...]
GP00000126
LURE1.1
Q4VP09
Physiology
Gene birth
Arabidopsis lyrata
(species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
AtLURE1
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ATP4A
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ordoñez GR; Hillier LW; Warren WC ; et al. (2008)
Loss of genes implicated in gastric function during platypus evolution.
GP00001908
ATP4A
P20648
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence N
Monodelphis domestica
gray short-tailed opossum - (species)
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
ATP4A
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ATP4A
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001920
ATP4A
P20648
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Gadus morhua
Atlantic cod - (species)
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species) D
ATP4A
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ATP4A
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001922
ATP4A
P20648
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species) D
ATP4A
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species)
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ATP4A
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species) D
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001928
ATP4A
P20648
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species) D
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species) D
ATP4A
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species)
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ATP4B
Digestion (absence of stomach)
3 Mutations:
Coding
N
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ordoñez GR; Hillier LW; Warren WC ; et al. (2008)
Loss of genes implicated in gastric function during platypus evolution.
GP00001909
ATP4B
P51164
Physiology
3 mutations
Monodelphis domestica
gray short-tailed opossum - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
ATP4B
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ATP4B
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Callorhinchus milii
elephant shark - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001916
ATP4B
P51164
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence N
Scyliorhinus canicula
smaller spotted catshark - (species)
Callorhinchus milii
elephant shark - (species) D
ATP4B
Callorhinchus milii
elephant shark - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ATP4B
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001921
ATP4B
P51164
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Gadus morhua
Atlantic cod - (species)
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species) D
ATP4B
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ATP4B
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001923
ATP4B
P51164
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species) D
ATP4B
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species)
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ATP4B
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species) D
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001929
ATP4B
P51164
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species) D
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species) D
ATP4B
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species)
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
avpr1a
Male sexual fidelity (monogamous regime)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Microtus ochrogaster
prairie vole - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Okhovat M; Berrio A; Wallace G ; et al. (2015)
Sexual fidelity trade-offs promote regulatory variation in the prairie vole brain.
1 Additional References
GP00000129
Avpr1a
Q62463
Behavior
unknown
Microtus ochrogaster
prairie vole - (species)
Microtus ochrogaster
prairie vole - (species)
avpr1a
Microtus ochrogaster
prairie vole - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
bab
Coloration (abdomen; female)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila yakuba
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Rogers WA; Salomone JR; Tacy DJ ; et al. (2013)
Recurrent modification of a conserved cis-regulatory element underlies fruit fly pigmentation divers[...]
GP00002008
bab1
Q9W0K7
Morphology
causing mutation(s) unknown. Cis-regulatory element assayed with a GFP reporter in D. melanogaster.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila yakuba
(species)
bab
Drosophila yakuba
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
bab
Coloration (abdomen; female)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila fuyamai
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Rogers WA; Salomone JR; Tacy DJ ; et al. (2013)
Recurrent modification of a conserved cis-regulatory element underlies fruit fly pigmentation divers[...]
GP00002009
bab1
Q9W0K7
Morphology
causing mutation(s) unknown. Cis-regulatory element assayed with a GFP reporter in D. melanogaster.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila fuyamai
(species)
bab
Drosophila fuyamai
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
bab
Coloration (abdomen; female)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila auraria
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Rogers WA; Salomone JR; Tacy DJ ; et al. (2013)
Recurrent modification of a conserved cis-regulatory element underlies fruit fly pigmentation divers[...]
GP00002010
bab1
Q9W0K7
Morphology
causing mutation(s) unknown. Cis-regulatory element assayed with a GFP reporter in D. melanogaster.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila auraria
(species)
bab
Drosophila auraria
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
bab
Coloration (abdomen; female)
2 Mutations:
Cis-regulatory
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rogers WA; Salomone JR; Tacy DJ ; et al. (2013)
Recurrent modification of a conserved cis-regulatory element underlies fruit fly pigmentation divers[...]
GP00002610
bab1
Q9W0K7
Morphology
2 mutations
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
bab
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
bab
Coloration (abdomen; female)
2 Mutations:
Cis-regulatory
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rogers WA; Salomone JR; Tacy DJ ; et al. (2013)
Recurrent modification of a conserved cis-regulatory element underlies fruit fly pigmentation divers[...]
GP00002611
bab1
Q9W0K7
Morphology
2 mutations
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
bab
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
bab1
Coloration (abdomen)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Williams TM; Selegue JE; Werner T ; et al. (2008)
The regulation and evolution of a genetic switch controlling sexually dimorphic traits in Drosophila[...]
GP00000131
bab1
Q9W0K7
Morphology
inter - ABD-B- and DSX- binding site spacing was reduced in regions I, II, and III
gain of ABD-B binding site 13
Drosophila willistoni
(species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
bab1
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BADH2
Fragrance
Coding,
Deletion
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Shi Weiwei; Yang Yi; Chen Saihua ; et al. (2008
)
Discovery of a new fragrance allele and the development of functional markers for the breeding of fr[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001772
BADH2
Q84LK3
Physiology
7-bp deletion in exon 2 resulting in premature stop codon N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
BADH2
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BADH2
Fragrance
Coding,
Deletion
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kovach MJ; Calingacion MN; Fitzgerald MA ; et al. (2009)
The origin and evolution of fragrance in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
GP00001773
BADH2
Q84LK3
Physiology
2-bp deletion in exon 1 resulting in premature stop codon N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
BADH2
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BADH2
Fragrance
Coding,
Insertion
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kovach MJ; Calingacion MN; Fitzgerald MA ; et al. (2009)
The origin and evolution of fragrance in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
GP00001774
BADH2
Q84LK3
Physiology
insertion of 1 bp (T) in exon 10 N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
BADH2
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BADH2
Fragrance
Coding,
SNP
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kovach MJ; Calingacion MN; Fitzgerald MA ; et al. (2009)
The origin and evolution of fragrance in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
GP00001775
BADH2
Q84LK3
Physiology
G>T substitution in exon 10 - need to check the sequence to check if this mutation is nonsense or nonsynonymous N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
BADH2
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BADH2
Fragrance
Coding,
SNP
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kovach MJ; Calingacion MN; Fitzgerald MA ; et al. (2009)
The origin and evolution of fragrance in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
GP00001776
BADH2
Q84LK3
Physiology
G>T substitution in exon 14 - need to check the sequence to check if this mutation is nonsense or nonsynonymous N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
BADH2
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BADH2
Fragrance
Coding,
SNP
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kovach MJ; Calingacion MN; Fitzgerald MA ; et al. (2009)
The origin and evolution of fragrance in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
GP00001777
BADH2
Q84LK3
Physiology
C>T substitution in exon 13 - need to check the sequence to check if this mutation is nonsense or nonsynonymous N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
BADH2
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BADH2
Fragrance
Coding,
Deletion
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kovach MJ; Calingacion MN; Fitzgerald MA ; et al. (2009)
The origin and evolution of fragrance in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
GP00001778
BADH2
Q84LK3
Physiology
1-bp deletion in exon 10 - causes a frameshift N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
BADH2
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BADH2
Fragrance
Coding,
Insertion
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kovach MJ; Calingacion MN; Fitzgerald MA ; et al. (2009)
The origin and evolution of fragrance in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
GP00001779
BADH2
Q84LK3
Physiology
1-bp insertion (G) in exon 14 N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
BADH2
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BADH2
Fragrance
Coding,
Insertion
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kovach MJ; Calingacion MN; Fitzgerald MA ; et al. (2009)
The origin and evolution of fragrance in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
GP00001780
BADH2
Q84LK3
Physiology
3-bp insertion (TAT) in exon 13 - causes a frameshift N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
BADH2
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BCO2 = beta-carotene oxygenase 2
Carotenoid content (yellow fat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Våge DI; Boman IA (2010)
A nonsense mutation in the beta-carotene oxygenase 2 (BCO2) gene is tightly associated with accumula[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000140
BCO2
Q9BYV7
Physiology
g.21947481C>T ; c.196C>T ; p.Q66* N
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
BCO2 = beta-carotene oxygenase 2
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BCO2 = beta-carotene oxygenase 2
Carotenoid content (yellow fat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Strychalski J; Brym P; Czarnik U ; et al. (2015)
A novel AAT-deletion mutation in the coding sequence of the BCO2 gene in yellow-fat rabbits.
GP00002152
BCO2
Q9BYV7
Physiology
AAT-deletion mutation at Asp codon 248 of the BCO2 gene located at the beginning of exon 6 which results in the removal of an Asp N
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
BCO2 = beta-carotene oxygenase 2
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Haemonchus contortus
barber pole worm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kwa MS; Veenstra JG; Roos MH (1994)
Benzimidazole resistance in Haemonchus contortus is correlated with a conserved mutation at amino ac[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001785
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe200Tyr
Haemonchus contortus
barber pole worm - (species)
Haemonchus contortus
barber pole worm - (species) D
beta-tubulin
Haemonchus contortus
barber pole worm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Trichostrongylus colubriformis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kwa MS; Veenstra JG; Roos MH (1994)
Benzimidazole resistance in Haemonchus contortus is correlated with a conserved mutation at amino ac[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001786
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe200Tyr
Trichostrongylus colubriformis
(species)
Trichostrongylus colubriformis
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Trichostrongylus colubriformis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Venturia inaequalis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001788
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe200Tyr
Venturia inaequalis
(species)
Venturia inaequalis
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Venturia inaequalis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001789
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe200Tyr
D
beta-tubulin
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Penicillium italicum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001790
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe200Tyr
Penicillium italicum
(species)
Penicillium italicum
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Penicillium italicum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Penicillium aurantiogriseum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001791
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe200Tyr
Penicillium aurantiogriseum
(species)
Penicillium aurantiogriseum
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Penicillium aurantiogriseum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Penicillium aurantiogriseum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001792
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Glu198Lys
Penicillium aurantiogriseum
(species)
Penicillium aurantiogriseum
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Penicillium aurantiogriseum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Penicillium viridicatum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001793
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Glu198Lys
Penicillium viridicatum
(species)
Penicillium viridicatum
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Penicillium viridicatum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Clarireedia homoeocarpa
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001794
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Glu1198Lys
Clarireedia homoeocarpa
(species)
Clarireedia homoeocarpa
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Clarireedia homoeocarpa
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Venturia inaequalis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001795
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Glu1198Lys
Venturia inaequalis
(species)
Venturia inaequalis
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Venturia inaequalis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Venturia inaequalis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001796
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Glu1198Ala
Venturia inaequalis
(species)
Venturia inaequalis
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Venturia inaequalis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001797
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Glu1198Ala
D
beta-tubulin
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Monilinia fructicola
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001798
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Glu1198Lys
Monilinia fructicola
(species)
Monilinia fructicola
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Monilinia fructicola
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Penicillium puberulum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001799
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Glu1198Lys
Penicillium puberulum
(species)
Penicillium puberulum
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Penicillium puberulum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Penicillium puberulum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001800
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Glu1198Ala
Penicillium puberulum
(species)
Penicillium puberulum
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Penicillium puberulum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Penicillium digitatum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001801
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Glu1198Lys
Penicillium digitatum
(species)
Penicillium digitatum
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Penicillium digitatum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Penicillium expansum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001802
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Glu1198Ala
Penicillium expansum
(species)
Penicillium expansum
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Penicillium expansum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benomyl)
Coding,
SNP
Penicillium italicum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Koenraadt Harrie; Somerville Shauna C; Jones AL
Characterization of mutations in the beta-tubulin gene of benomyl-resistant field strains of Venturi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001803
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Glu198Lys
Penicillium italicum
(species)
Penicillium italicum
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Penicillium italicum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Teladorsagia circumcincta
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Elard L; Humbert JF (1999)
Importance of the mutation of amino acid 200 of the isotype 1 beta-tubulin gene in the benzimidazole[...]
GP00001815
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe200Tyr
Teladorsagia circumcincta
(species)
Teladorsagia circumcincta
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Teladorsagia circumcincta
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Haemonchus contortus
barber pole worm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Prichard R; Oxberry M; Bounhas Y ; et al. (2000
)
Polymerisation and benzimidazole binding assays with recombinant α-and β-tubulins from Haemonchus co[...]
2 Additional References
GP00001816
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe167Tyr - In vitro assays have demonstrated that a Tyr residue in position 167 of b-tubulin impeded BZ binding with recombinant H. contortus b-tubulin (produced in a prokaryote system)
Haemonchus contortus
barber pole worm - (species)
Haemonchus contortus
barber pole worm - (species) D
beta-tubulin
Haemonchus contortus
barber pole worm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Cyathostoma
(genus) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Silvestre A; Cabaret J (2002)
Mutation in position 167 of isotype 1 beta-tubulin gene of Trichostrongylid nematodes: role in benzi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001817
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe167Tyr - In vitro assays have demonstrated that a Tyr residue in position 167 of b-tubulin impeded BZ binding with recombinant H. contortus and S. cerevisiae b-tubulin (produced in a prokaryote system)
Cyathostoma
(genus)
Cyathostoma
(genus) D
beta-tubulin
Cyathostoma
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Neurospora crassa
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Orbach MJ; Porro EB; Yanofsky C (1986)
Cloning and characterization of the gene for beta-tubulin from a benomyl-resistant mutant of Neurosp[...]
GP00001818
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe167Tyr
Neurospora crassa
(species)
Neurospora crassa
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Neurospora crassa
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Teladorsagia circumcincta
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Silvestre A; Cabaret J (2002)
Mutation in position 167 of isotype 1 beta-tubulin gene of Trichostrongylid nematodes: role in benzi[...]
GP00001819
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe167Tyr
Teladorsagia circumcincta
(species)
Teladorsagia circumcincta
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Teladorsagia circumcincta
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Haemonchus contortus
barber pole worm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Ghisi M; Kaminsky R; Mäser P (2007)
Phenotyping and genotyping of Haemonchus contortus isolates reveals a new putative candidate mutatio[...]
GP00001820
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Glu198Ala
Haemonchus contortus
barber pole worm - (species)
Haemonchus contortus
barber pole worm - (species) D
beta-tubulin
Haemonchus contortus
barber pole worm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Oculimacula yallundae
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999
)
Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...]
GP00001821
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe200Tyr
Oculimacula yallundae
(species)
Oculimacula yallundae
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Oculimacula yallundae
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Oculimacula acuformis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999
)
Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...]
GP00001822
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe200Tyr
Oculimacula acuformis
(species)
Oculimacula acuformis
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Oculimacula acuformis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Oculimacula acuformis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999
)
Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001823
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
E198A
Oculimacula acuformis
(species)
Oculimacula acuformis
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Oculimacula acuformis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Oculimacula acuformis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999
)
Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001824
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
E198G
Oculimacula acuformis
(species)
Oculimacula acuformis
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Oculimacula acuformis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Oculimacula acuformis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999
)
Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001825
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
E198K
Oculimacula acuformis
(species)
Oculimacula acuformis
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Oculimacula acuformis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Oculimacula yallundae
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999
)
Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001826
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
E198A
Oculimacula yallundae
(species)
Oculimacula yallundae
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Oculimacula yallundae
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Oculimacula yallundae
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999
)
Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001827
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
E198G
Oculimacula yallundae
(species)
Oculimacula yallundae
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Oculimacula yallundae
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Oculimacula yallundae
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999
)
Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001828
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
E198Q
Oculimacula yallundae
(species)
Oculimacula yallundae
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Oculimacula yallundae
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Oculimacula yallundae
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Albertini Catherine; Gredt Michel; Leroux Pierre (1999
)
Mutations of the β-tubulin gene associated with different phenotypes of benzimidazole resistance in [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001829
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
L240F
Oculimacula yallundae
(species)
Oculimacula yallundae
(species) D
beta-tubulin
Oculimacula yallundae
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
beta-tubulin (ben4)
Xenobiotic resistance (benzimidazole)
Coding,
SNP
Aspergillus nidulans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Jung MK; Wilder IB; Oakley BR (1992)
Amino acid alterations in the benA (beta-tubulin) gene of Aspergillus nidulans that confer benomyl r[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001787
TUB2
P02557
Physiology
Phe200Tyr
Aspergillus nidulans
(species)
Aspergillus nidulans
(species) D
beta-tubulin (ben4)
Aspergillus nidulans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
bHLH2
Coloration (flower; seed)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Park KI; Ishikawa N; Morita Y ; et al. (2007)
A bHLH regulatory gene in the common morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea, controls anthocyanin biosynthe[...]
GP00002078
BHLH2
Q9CAD0
Morphology
two copies of 3.9-kb Tip100 integrated into bHLH2 exon 7 and intron 2 N
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
bHLH2
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
bHLH2
Coloration (flower; seed)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Park KI; Ishikawa N; Morita Y ; et al. (2007)
A bHLH regulatory gene in the common morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea, controls anthocyanin biosynthe[...]
GP00002085
BHLH2
Q9CAD0
Morphology
only one copy of Tip100 in exon 7 and no apparent footprint of Tip100 in intron 2 N
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
bHLH2
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
bHLH2
Coloration (flower; seed)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Park KI; Ishikawa N; Morita Y ; et al. (2007)
A bHLH regulatory gene in the common morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea, controls anthocyanin biosynthe[...]
GP00002086
BHLH2
Q9CAD0
Morphology
insertion of 838 bp IpMu1 in exon 2 N
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
bHLH2
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
bHLH2
Coloration (flowers; seeds)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Ipomoea tricolor
(species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Park KI; Choi JD; Hoshino A ; et al. (2004)
An intragenic tandem duplication in a transcriptional regulatory gene for anthocyanin biosynthesis c[...]
GP00002091
BHLH2
Q9CAD0
Morphology
intragenic tandem duplication of 3.3 kbp of the bHLH2 gene. Each of the tandem repeats is flanked by a 3-bp sequence AAT; indicating that the 3-bp microhomology is used to generate the tandem duplication. The transcripts in the pale-blue flower buds of the mutant contain an internal 583-bp tandem duplication that results in the production of a truncated polypeptide lacking the bHLH domain. The mRNA accumulation of most of the structural genes encoding enzymes for anthocyanin biosynthesis in the flower buds of the mutant was significantly reduced. The transcripts identical to the wild-type mRNAs for the transcriptional activator were present abundantly in blue spots of the variegated flowers whereas the transcripts containing the 583-bp tandem duplication were predominant in the pale-blue background of the same flowers. The flower and seed variegations studied here are likely to be caused by somatic homologous recombination between an intragenic tandem duplication in the gene encoding a bHLH transcriptional activator for anthocyanin biosynthesis. N
Ipomoea tricolor
(species)
Ipomoea tricolor
(species) D
bHLH2
Ipomoea tricolor
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
bHLH2
Coloration (flowers)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Petunia axillaris
(species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Spelt C; Quattrocchio F; Mol J ; et al. (2002)
ANTHOCYANIN1 of petunia controls pigment synthesis, vacuolar pH, and seed coat development by geneti[...]
GP00002092
BHLH2
Q9CAD0
Morphology
insertion of a dTph1 transposon in the AN1 gene N
Petunia axillaris
(species)
Petunia axillaris
(species) D
bHLH2
Petunia axillaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BMP15
Fertility (increased ovulation rate)
Coding,
SNP
N
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hanrahan JP; Gregan SM; Mulsant P ; et al. (2004)
Mutations in the genes for oocyte-derived growth factors GDF9 and BMP15 are associated with both inc[...]
GP00002155
Bmp15
Q9Z0L4
Physiology
c.718C>T ; p.Q239* N
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
BMP15
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BMP15
Fertility (increased ovulation rate)
Coding,
SNP
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hanrahan JP; Gregan SM; Mulsant P ; et al. (2004)
Mutations in the genes for oocyte-derived growth factors GDF9 and BMP15 are associated with both inc[...]
GP00002157
Bmp15
Q9Z0L4
Physiology
c.1100G>T p.S367I
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
BMP15
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BMP15
Fertility (increased ovulation rate)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Martinez-Royo A; Jurado JJ; Smulders JP ; et al. (2008)
A deletion in the bone morphogenetic protein 15 gene causes sterility and increased prolificacy in R[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002158
Bmp15
Q9Z0L4
Physiology
c.525_541del17 p.Pro45Asnfs*54 N
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
BMP15
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BMP15
Fertility (increased ovulation rate)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Lassoued N; Benkhlil Z; Woloszyn F ; et al. (2017)
FecX a Novel BMP15 mutation responsible for prolificacy and female sterility in Tunisian Barbarine [...]
GP00002159
Bmp15
Q9Z0L4
Physiology
C insertion (c.310insC) in the ovine BMP15 cDNA leading to a frame shift at protein position 101 N
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
BMP15
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BNA1
Nicotinid acid metabolism
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
[Candida] glabrata
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Domergue R; Castaño I; De Las Peñas A ; et al. (2005)
Nicotinic acid limitation regulates silencing of Candida adhesins during UTI.
GP00001878
BNA1
P47096
Physiology
Size of the deletion not mentioned in the paper N
Candida albicans
(species)
[Candida] glabrata
(species) D
BNA1
[Candida] glabrata
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BNA2
Nicotinid acid metabolism
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
[Candida] glabrata
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Domergue R; Castaño I; De Las Peñas A ; et al. (2005)
Nicotinic acid limitation regulates silencing of Candida adhesins during UTI.
GP00001879
P47125NULL
Physiology
Size of the deletion not mentioned in the paper N
Candida albicans
(species)
[Candida] glabrata
(species) D
BNA2
[Candida] glabrata
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BNA4
Nicotinid acid metabolism
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
[Candida] glabrata
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Domergue R; Castaño I; De Las Peñas A ; et al. (2005)
Nicotinic acid limitation regulates silencing of Candida adhesins during UTI.
GP00001880
BNA4
P38169
Physiology
Size of the deletion not mentioned in the paper N
Candida albicans
(species)
[Candida] glabrata
(species) D
BNA4
[Candida] glabrata
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BNA5
Nicotinid acid metabolism
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
[Candida] glabrata
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Domergue R; Castaño I; De Las Peñas A ; et al. (2005)
Nicotinic acid limitation regulates silencing of Candida adhesins during UTI.
GP00001881
BNA5
Q05979
Physiology
Size of the deletion not mentioned in the paper N
Candida albicans
(species)
[Candida] glabrata
(species) D
BNA5
[Candida] glabrata
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BNA6
Nicotinid acid metabolism
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
[Candida] glabrata
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Domergue R; Castaño I; De Las Peñas A ; et al. (2005)
Nicotinic acid limitation regulates silencing of Candida adhesins during UTI.
GP00001882
BNA6
P43619
Physiology
Size of the deletion not mentioned in the paper N
Candida albicans
(species)
[Candida] glabrata
(species) D
BNA6
[Candida] glabrata
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
BRANCHED1a (BRC1a)
Plant architecture
Inflorescence architecture
Coding,
SNP
Solanum
(genus) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Nicolas M; Rodríguez-Buey ML; Franco-Zorrilla JM ; et al. (2015)
A Recently Evolved Alternative Splice Site in the BRANCHED1a Gene Controls Potato Plant Architecture[...]
GP00000156
BRC1A
F6KB94
Morphology
Morphology
Evolution of an alternative splice site (G>A) that unlocks a short isoform
Capsicum annuum
(species)
Solanum
(genus) D
BRANCHED1a (BRC1a)
Solanum
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Brevis radix (BRX)
pH tolerance (acidic soil)
Coding,
SNP
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Gujas B; Alonso-Blanco C; Hardtke CS (2012)
Natural Arabidopsis brx loss-of-function alleles confer root adaptation to acidic soil.
GP00001236
BRX
Q17TI5
Physiology
K188* (stop codon) N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Brevis radix (BRX)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac)
Coding,
SNP
N
Helicoverpa punctigera
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh T; James B; Chakroun M ; et al. (2018)
Isolating, characterising and identifying a Cry1Ac resistance mutation in field populations of Helic[...]
GP00002055
BtR
Q19KJ3
Physiology
splice site GT mutated in GA so that splicing does not occur correctly and a 58 bp insertion is found in the cDNA sequence of the cadherin gene. This insertion disrupts the coding sequence in cadherin domain 9 causing a downstream frameshift and a premature stop codon for the rest of the protein. This would result in a truncated protein of 1243 amino acids without the putative binding domain; the membrane anchoring domain; presumably retained inside the cell and not exposed to the Cry1Ac; or alternatively; exported into the gut where it would be degraded N
Helicoverpa punctigera
(species)
Helicoverpa punctigera
(species) D
cadherin
Helicoverpa punctigera
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab toxin)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species) D
Experimental Evolution
Candidate Gene
Morin S; Biggs RW; Sisterson MS ; et al. (2003)
Three cadherin alleles associated with resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in pink bollworm.
1 Additional References
GP00002449
A0A1B0RHM4
Physiology
insertion into PgCad1 of an active chicken repeat (CR1) retrotransposon designated CR1-1_Pg. Unlike most other CR1 elements CR1-1_Pg is intact and transcribed by a flanking promoter. It contains target site duplications and has a relatively low number of copies. Examination of transcripts from the PgCad1 locus revealed that CR1-1_Pg disrupts both the cadherin protein and a long noncoding RNA of unknown function. N
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species)
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species) D
cadherin
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab toxin)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species) D
Experimental Evolution
Candidate Gene
Morin S; Biggs RW; Sisterson MS ; et al. (2003)
Three cadherin alleles associated with resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in pink bollworm.
GP00002450
A0A1B0RHM4
Physiology
24-bp deletion in putative exon 21 causing the loss of eight amino acid residues N
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species)
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species) D
cadherin
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry2Ab toxin)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species) D
Experimental Evolution
Candidate Gene
Morin S; Biggs RW; Sisterson MS ; et al. (2003)
Three cadherin alleles associated with resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in pink bollworm.
GP00002451
A0A1B0RHM4
Physiology
126-bp deletion spanning a putative intron 15/exon 16 splice site that introduces a premature stop codon and causes loss of the final 929 amino acid residues. N
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species)
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species) D
cadherin
Pectinophora gossypiella
pink bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac toxin)
Coding,
Deletion
Ostrinia furnacalis
Asian corn borer - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Jin T; Chang X; Gatehouse AM ; et al. (2014)
Downregulation and mutation of a Cadherin gene associated with Cry1Ac resistance in the Asian Corn B[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002464
A0A1B0RHM4
Physiology
MPR-r2 has a 26-amino acid residue deletion in the TBR which results in reduced binding of Cry1Ac compared to the MPR from the susceptible strain.
Ostrinia furnacalis
Asian corn borer - (species)
Ostrinia furnacalis
Asian corn borer - (species) D
cadherin
Ostrinia furnacalis
Asian corn borer - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cadherin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac toxin)
Coding,
SNP
Ostrinia furnacalis
Asian corn borer - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Jin T; Chang X; Gatehouse AM ; et al. (2014)
Downregulation and mutation of a Cadherin gene associated with Cry1Ac resistance in the Asian Corn B[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002465
A0A1B0RHM4
Physiology
Thr1457Ser
Ostrinia furnacalis
Asian corn borer - (species)
Ostrinia furnacalis
Asian corn borer - (species) D
cadherin
Ostrinia furnacalis
Asian corn borer - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cardinal
Coloration (eyes)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Tribolium castaneum
red flour beetle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Shirai Y; Daimon T (2020)
Mutations in cardinal are responsible for the red-1 and peach eye color mutants of the red flour bee[...]
GP00002665
cd
Q9VCW2
Morphology
A fragment of a transposable element (about 5 kb - 99% identical in amino acids to a putative retrotransposon (XP_015838217)) is inserted into exon 6. This insertion introduced a premature stop codon just after the insertion site. Amino acid residues near the C-terminal end of the haem peroxidase domain are thus disrupted. N
Tribolium castaneum
red flour beetle - (species)
Tribolium castaneum
red flour beetle - (species) D
cardinal
Tribolium castaneum
red flour beetle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cardinal
Coloration (eyes)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Tribolium castaneum
red flour beetle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Shirai Y; Daimon T (2020)
Mutations in cardinal are responsible for the red-1 and peach eye color mutants of the red flour bee[...]
GP00002666
cd
Q9VCW2
Morphology
1-bp deletion in exon 6 that causes a frameshift mutation. Amino acid residues near the C-terminal end of the haem peroxidase domain are thus disrupted. N
Tribolium castaneum
red flour beetle - (species)
Tribolium castaneum
red flour beetle - (species) D
cardinal
Tribolium castaneum
red flour beetle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cardinal
Coloration (eyes)
Coding,
SNP
N
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Osanai-Futahashi M; Tatematsu KI; Futahashi R ; et al. (2016)
Positional cloning of a Bombyx pink-eyed white egg locus reveals the major role of cardinal in ommoc[...]
GP00002667
cd
Q9VCW2
Morphology
Missense mutation in a conserved motif in exon 9. The tryptophan residue which is converted to arginine in the two pe strains is widely conserved in holometabolous insects. N
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species)
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species) D
cardinal
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)
Pain sensitivity
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Nackley AG; Shabalina SA; Tchivileva IE ; et al. (2006)
Human catechol-O-methyltransferase haplotypes modulate protein expression by altering mRNA secondary[...]
GP00000171
COMT
P21964
Behavior
G/C - The synonymous mutation(s) affect mRNA stability and loop structures
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cathepsin E
Digestion (absence of stomach)
2 Mutations:
Coding
N
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ordoñez GR; Hillier LW; Warren WC ; et al. (2008)
Loss of genes implicated in gastric function during platypus evolution.
GP00001910
CTSE
P14091
Physiology
2 mutations
Monodelphis domestica
gray short-tailed opossum - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
cathepsin E
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Cauliflower (BoCAL)
Inflorescence morphology
Coding,
SNP
N
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
(varietas) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kempin SA; Savidge B; Yanofsky MF (1995)
Molecular basis of the cauliflower phenotype in Arabidopsis.
1 Additional References
GP00000173
CAL
Q39081
Morphology
GAG>TAG; E151*; protein truncated after only 150 of the 255 amino acids of the wild-type protein N
Brassica oleracea
wild cabbage - (species)
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
(varietas) D
Cauliflower (BoCAL)
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis
(varietas)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CBF2-CBF4; CBF13
Temperature tolerance (cold)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Hordeum vulgare
(species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Knox AK; Dhillon T; Cheng H ; et al. (2010)
CBF gene copy number variation at Frost Resistance-2 is associated with levels of freezing tolerance[...]
GP00000176
B1NSN2
Physiology
tandem duplication of CBF2-CBF4 region and/or pseudogenisation of CBF13
Hordeum vulgare
(species)
Hordeum vulgare
(species)
CBF2-CBF4; CBF13
Hordeum vulgare
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CCL3L1
Pathogen resistance (HIV)
Gene Amplification,
Indel
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Gonzalez E; Kulkarni H; Bolivar H ; et al. (2005)
The influence of CCL3L1 gene-containing segmental duplications on HIV-1/AIDS susceptibility.
GP00000177
CCL3L1
P16619
Physiology
Copy number Variant
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
CCL3L1
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Chalcone synthase D (CHS-D)
Coloration (flower)
Unknown,
Insertion
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Habu Y; Hisatomi Y; Iida S (1998)
Molecular characterization of the mutable flaked allele for flower variegation in the common morning[...]
GP00001459
CHSD
O22045
Morphology
insertion of a 3.9kb long transposable element Tip100 in intron
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
Chalcone synthase D (CHS-D)
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Chalcone synthase D (CHS-D)
Coloration (flower)
Unknown,
Insertion
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Habu Y; Hisatomi Y; Iida S (1998)
Molecular characterization of the mutable flaked allele for flower variegation in the common morning[...]
GP00001460
CHSD
O22045
Morphology
2 insertions of Tip100 in opposite orientation at different sites within the same intron
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
Chalcone synthase D (CHS-D)
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; benzoylurea)
Coding,
SNP
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Douris V; Steinbach D; Panteleri R ; et al. (2016)
Resistance mutation conserved between insects and mites unravels the benzoylurea insecticide mode of[...]
GP00001600
CHS1
A3KCN0
Physiology
T>G p.I1042M (I1056 in D. melanogaster) located in the C-terminal transmembrane domain
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; benzoylurea)
Coding,
SNP
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Douris V; Steinbach D; Panteleri R ; et al. (2016)
Resistance mutation conserved between insects and mites unravels the benzoylurea insecticide mode of[...]
GP00001601
CHS1
A3KCN0
Physiology
A>T p.I1042F (I1056 in D. melanogaster) located in the C-terminal transmembrane domain
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; benzoylurea)
Coding,
SNP
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Suzuki Y; Shiotsuki T; Jouraku A ; et al. (2017)
Benzoylurea resistance in western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)[...]
GP00002628
CHS1
A3KCN0
Physiology
isoleucine to methionine
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species)
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species) D
Chitin synthase 1 (CHS1)
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
chordin
Fin morphology (skeleton; dorsal fin; caudal fin; tail; paired fin)
Coding,
SNP
N
Carassius auratus
goldfish - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Abe G; Lee SH; Chang M ; et al. (2014)
The origin of the bifurcated axial skeletal system in the twin-tail goldfish.
1 Additional References
GP00002346
chdA
W8VTE1
Morphology
stop codon in codon 127. GAG (E) -> TAG (STOP). Predicted to result in a truncated protein lacking the second to fourth CR domains. N
Carassius auratus
goldfish - (species)
Carassius auratus
goldfish - (species) D
chordin
Carassius auratus
goldfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CHRNA1
Xenobiotic resistance (snake venom)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Erinaceus concolor
southern white-breasted hedgehog - (species) D
Erinaceus europaeus
western European hedgehog - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Drabeck DH; Dean AM; Jansa SA (2015)
Why the honey badger don't care: Convergent evolution of venom-targeted nicotinic acetylcholine rece[...]
GP00000183
CHRNA1
P02708
Physiology
2 mutations
Carnivora
carnivores - (order)
Erinaceus concolor
southern white-breasted hedgehog - (species) D
Erinaceus europaeus
western European hedgehog - (species) D
CHRNA1
Erinaceus concolor
southern white-breasted hedgehog - (species)
Erinaceus europaeus
western European hedgehog - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CHRNA1
Xenobiotic resistance (snake venom)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Mellivora capensis
ratel - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Drabeck DH; Dean AM; Jansa SA (2015)
Why the honey badger don't care: Convergent evolution of venom-targeted nicotinic acetylcholine rece[...]
GP00000184
CHRNA1
P02708
Physiology
2 mutations
Carnivora
carnivores - (order)
Mellivora capensis
ratel - (species) D
CHRNA1
Mellivora capensis
ratel - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CHRNA1
Xenobiotic resistance (snake venom)
4 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Herpestes ichneumon
Egyptian mongoose - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Barchan D; Kachalsky S; Neumann D ; et al. (1992)
How the mongoose can fight the snake: the binding site of the mongoose acetylcholine receptor.
2 Additional References
GP00001686
CHRNA1
P02708
Physiology
4 mutations
Carnivora
carnivores - (order)
Herpestes ichneumon
Egyptian mongoose - (species) D
CHRNA1
Herpestes ichneumon
Egyptian mongoose - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CHRNA1
Xenobiotic resistance (snake venom)
Coding,
SNP
Naja haje
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Takacs Z; Wilhelmsen KC; Sorota S (2004)
Cobra ( Naja spp. ) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor exhibits resistance to Erabu sea snake ( Latica[...]
GP00001720
CHRNA1
P02708
Physiology
Phe189Asn - The inhibitory effect on the pharmacological action of the toxin is primarily attributed to the presence of glycosylation at position N189.
Carnivora
carnivores - (order)
Naja haje
(species) D
CHRNA1
Naja haje
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CHRNA1
Xenobiotic resistance (snake venom)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Sus scrofa
pig - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Drabeck DH; Dean AM; Jansa SA (2015)
Why the honey badger don't care: Convergent evolution of venom-targeted nicotinic acetylcholine rece[...]
GP00001721
CHRNA1
P02708
Physiology
2 mutations
Carnivora
carnivores - (order)
Sus scrofa
pig - (species) D
CHRNA1
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CMAH
Blood type (feline ABC)
Coding,
SNP
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Omi T; Nakazawa S; Udagawa C ; et al. (2016)
Molecular Characterization of the Cytidine Monophosphate-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) [...]
1 Additional References
GP00002163
Cmah
Q61419
Physiology
c.179G>T p.G60V
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
CMAH
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CMAH
Blood type (feline ABC)
Coding,
SNP
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Omi T; Nakazawa S; Udagawa C ; et al. (2016)
Molecular Characterization of the Cytidine Monophosphate-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) [...]
1 Additional References
GP00002164
Cmah
Q61419
Physiology
c.364C>T p.P122S
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
CMAH
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CMAH
Blood type (feline ABC)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Omi T; Nakazawa S; Udagawa C ; et al. (2016)
Molecular Characterization of the Cytidine Monophosphate-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) [...]
2 Additional References
GP00002165
Cmah
Q61419
Physiology
c.1322delT p.Leu441* N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
CMAH
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CMAH
Blood type (feline ABC)
Coding,
SNP
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Omi T; Nakazawa S; Udagawa C ; et al. (2016)
Molecular Characterization of the Cytidine Monophosphate-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) [...]
2 Additional References
GP00002166
Cmah
Q61419
Physiology
c.139G>A p.V47M
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
CMAH
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CMAH
Blood type (feline ABC)
Coding,
SNP
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Omi T; Nakazawa S; Udagawa C ; et al. (2016)
Molecular Characterization of the Cytidine Monophosphate-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) [...]
2 Additional References
GP00002167
Cmah
Q61419
Physiology
c.268T>A p.Y89N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
CMAH
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CMAH
Blood type (feline ABC)
Coding,
SNP
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Omi T; Nakazawa S; Udagawa C ; et al. (2016)
Molecular Characterization of the Cytidine Monophosphate-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Hydroxylase (CMAH) [...]
2 Additional References
GP00002168
Cmah
Q61419
Physiology
c.1600G>A p.D534N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
CMAH
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Cpm1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; toxin produced by Bacillus sphaericus)
Coding,
SNP
N
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Darboux I; Charles JF; Pauchet Y ; et al. (2007)
Transposon-mediated resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in a field-evolved population of Culex pipiens[...]
GP00002102
Q95WY5
Physiology
Gln396Stop - nonsense mutation which causes the loss of the C-terminal domain required for a proper anchoring of the receptor to the cell surface and thus disrupts a crucial step in the toxic properties of B. sphaericus toxin. N
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Cpm1
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Cpm1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; toxin produced by Bacillus sphaericus)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Darboux I; Charles JF; Pauchet Y ; et al. (2007)
Transposon-mediated resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in a field-evolved population of Culex pipiens[...]
GP00002103
Q95WY5
Physiology
Insertion of a 451-bpTE into the exon 2 of the toxin receptor gene. The insertion induces a new mRNA splicing event that creates a shorter transcript. This new transcript encodes an altered receptor unable to interact with the toxin resulting in resistance to this insecticide. The missing portion includes GPI-anchoring signals N
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Cpm1
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Cpm1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; toxin produced by Bacillus sphaericus)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Guo QY; Cai QX; Yan JP ; et al. (2013)
Single nucleotide deletion of cqm1 gene results in the development of resistance to Bacillus sphaeri[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002552
Q95WY5
Physiology
one-nucleotide deletion which results in a premature stop codon and leads to production of a truncated protein. N
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
Cpm1
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CS
Plant secondary metabolite (pungency)
Cis-regulatory,
Deletion
N
Capsicum annuum
(species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kim S; Park M; Yeom SI ; et al. (2014)
Genome sequence of the hot pepper provides insights into the evolution of pungency in Capsicum speci[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001447
csy1
Q09UW1
Physiology
Large 2.5 kb deletion spanning 1.8 kb of the putative promoter and 0.7 kb of the first exon was observed in the C. annuum Bellpeppers N
Capsicum frutescens
(species)
Capsicum annuum
(species) D
CS
Capsicum annuum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
csf1a
Coloration (loss of stripes)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Danio albolineatus
pearl danio - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Patterson LB; Bain EJ; Parichy DM (2014)
Pigment cell interactions and differential xanthophore recruitment underlying zebrafish stripe reite[...]
GP00002123
csf1a
A0A0B5JQ49
Morphology
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species)
Danio albolineatus
pearl danio - (species) D
csf1a
Danio albolineatus
pearl danio - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP19A1
Coloration (feathers)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Li J; Davis BW; Jern P ; et al. (2019)
Characterization of the endogenous retrovirus insertion in CYP19A1 associated with henny feathering [...]
GP00002050
CYP19A1
P11511
Morphology
7524 bp insertion at the 5'end of CYP19A1 of an intact endogenous retrovirus (99% sequence identity to the avian leukosis virus ev-1 and ev-21 strains suggesting a recent integration) - The ERV 3'LTR contains a powerful transcriptional enhancer and core promoter with TATA box.
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
CYP19A1
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP1A2
Enzymatic activity
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Murayama N; Soyama A; Saito Y ; et al. (2004)
Six novel nonsynonymous CYP1A2 gene polymorphisms: catalytic activities of the naturally occurring v[...]
GP00000199
CYP1A2
P05177
Physiology
F186L
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
CYP1A2
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Cyp28d1
Xenobiotic resistance (nicotine ; larval stage)
Coding,
Insertion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chakraborty M; Emerson JJ; Macdonald SJ ; et al. (2019)
Structural variants exhibit widespread allelic heterogeneity and shape variation in complex traits.
GP00002113
Cyp28d1
Q9VMT5
Physiology
insertion of a FW element (4720 bp) into the coding region (exon) of the second copy of the Cyp28d1 (there is still another copy of the gene left due to a duplication). Associated with a decrease in Cyp28d2 gene expression and a decrease in nicotin resistance.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Cyp28d1
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Cyp28d1-Cyp28d2
Xenobiotic resistance (nicotine ; larval stage)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chakraborty M; Emerson JJ; Macdonald SJ ; et al. (2019)
Structural variants exhibit widespread allelic heterogeneity and shape variation in complex traits.
GP00002112
Cyp28d1
Q9VMT5
Physiology
duplication of 6063 bp which includes genes Cyp28d1; Cyp28d2 and CG7742. Associated with increased expression of Cyp28d2 and increased resistance to nicotin
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Cyp28d1-Cyp28d2
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP321A8
Xenobiotic resistance (organophosphate; chlorpyrifos; pyrethroid; cypermethrin; deltamethrin)
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Spodoptera exigua
beet armyworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hu B; Huang H; Hu S ; et al. (2021)
Changes in both trans- and cis-regulatory elements mediate insecticide resistance in a lepidopteron [...]
GP00002394
CYP321A8
A0A286QUG5
Physiology
A > G at position -197bp in a cis-regulatory region, leading to increased expression of the gene
Spodoptera exigua
beet armyworm - (species)
Spodoptera exigua
beet armyworm - (species) D
CYP321A8
Spodoptera exigua
beet armyworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rasool Akhtar; Joußen Nicole; Lorenz Sybille ; et al. (2014
)
An independent occurrence of the chimeric P450 enzyme CYP337B3 of Helicoverpa armigera confers cyper[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002478
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. The Pakistani and the Australian CYP337B3 alleles differ by 18 synonymous and three nonsynonymous SNPs and additionally in the length and sequence of the intron.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Han Yangchun; Yu Wanting; Zhang Weiqing ; et al. (2015
)
Variation in P450-mediated fenvalerate resistance levels is not correlated with CYP337B3 genotype in[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002479
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Sequence analysis revealed a distinct CYP337B3 allele (CYP337B3v2) in the Pakistani population and three distinct alleles in the Chinese populations (CYP337B3v2 CYP337B3v3 CYP337B3v4) that differ from the Australian allele (CYP337B3v1) by a number of synonymous and non-synonymous SNPs in addition to variability of the intron sequence and size. This variation may result from different crossing-over positions during recombination of the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-over.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Han Yangchun; Yu Wanting; Zhang Weiqing ; et al. (2015
)
Variation in P450-mediated fenvalerate resistance levels is not correlated with CYP337B3 genotype in[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002480
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Sequence analysis revealed a distinct CYP337B3 allele (CYP337B3v2) in the Pakistani population and three distinct alleles in the Chinese populations (CYP337B3v2 CYP337B3v3 CYP337B3v4) that differ from the Australian allele (CYP337B3v1) by a number of synonymous and non-synonymous SNPs in addition to variability of the intron sequence and size. This variation may result from different crossing-over positions during recombination of the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-over.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Han Yangchun; Yu Wanting; Zhang Weiqing ; et al. (2015
)
Variation in P450-mediated fenvalerate resistance levels is not correlated with CYP337B3 genotype in[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002481
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Sequence analysis revealed a distinct CYP337B3 allele (CYP337B3v2) in the Pakistani population and three distinct alleles in the Chinese populations (CYP337B3v2 CYP337B3v3 CYP337B3v4) that differ from the Australian allele (CYP337B3v1) by a number of synonymous and non-synonymous SNPs in addition to variability of the intron sequence and size. This variation may result from different crossing-over positions during recombination of the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-over.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K ; et al. (2018)
Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]
GP00002482
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Distinct alleles resulting from different crossing-overs within the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-overs.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K ; et al. (2018)
Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]
GP00002483
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Distinct alleles resulting from different crossing-overs within the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-overs.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K ; et al. (2018)
Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]
GP00002484
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
The P450 chimeric gene CYP337B3 arose from unequal crossing-over between two parental P450 genes CYP337B2 and CYP337B1 . CYP337B3 can metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Neither parental enzyme has the ability to metabolize pyrethroids in vitro. Distinct alleles resulting from different crossing-overs within the CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 parental genes with different alleles of CYP337B1 and CYP337B2 involved in the crossing-overs.
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP337B3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; pyrethroid)
Coding,
Insertion
Helicoverpa zea
corn earworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Walsh TK; Joussen N; Tian K ; et al. (2018)
Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resis[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002485
CYP337B3
A0A0H3V333
Physiology
Introgression of the CYP337B3v2 resistant allele from Helicoverpa armigera
Helicoverpa zea
corn earworm - (species)
Helicoverpa zea
corn earworm - (species) D
CYP337B3
Helicoverpa zea
corn earworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP392A16
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Anazawa Y; Tomita T; Aiki Y ; et al. (2003)
Sequence of a cDNA encoding acetylcholinesterase from susceptible and resistant two-spotted spider m[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002471
Ace
P07140
Physiology
several non-synonymous SNP - exact causing amino acid change(s) unknown. Functional analysis of the putative promoter region from the resistant and susceptible parental strains revealed a higher reporter gene expression confirming the presence of cis-acting regulatory mechanisms.
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
CYP392A16
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6AB3
Xenobiotic resistance (imperatorin)
Coding,
SNP
Depressaria pastinacella
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Mao W; Rupasinghe SG; Zangerl AR ; et al. (2007)
Allelic variation in the Depressaria pastinacella CYP6AB3 protein enhances metabolism of plant allel[...]
GP00000204
CYP6AB3
Q7YZS3
Physiology
Ala92Val (and potentiallly 4 other a.a. substitutions)
Depressaria pastinacella
(species)
Depressaria pastinacella
(species)
CYP6AB3
Depressaria pastinacella
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6AY1
Xenobiotic resistance (imidacloprid; buprofezin)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pang R; Li Y; Dong Y ; et al. (2014)
Identification of promoter polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 CYP6AY1 linked with insecticide resi[...]
GP00002399
CYP6AY1
A0A1L1VFS3
Physiology
CYP6AY1 is expressed at a higher level in a field-collected BPH strain that is highly resistant to both imidacloprid and buprofezin. Polymorphism in the promoter region associated with various levels of resistance.
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
CYP6AY1
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6B1
Xenobiotic resistance
Host plant specialization
Coding,
SNP
Papilio polyxenes
black swallowtail - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Li W; Schuler MA; Berenbaum MR (2003)
Diversification of furanocoumarin-metabolizing cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in two papilionids: Sp[...]
GP00000205
CYP6B1
Q04552
Physiology
Physiology
Ile484Phe and probably other a.a. substitutions
Nymphalidae
brushfoots - (family)
Papilio polyxenes
black swallowtail - (species)
CYP6B1
Papilio polyxenes
black swallowtail - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6B4
Xenobiotic resistance
Host plant specialization
Coding,
SNP
Papilio glaucus
eastern tiger swallowtail - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Mao W; Schuler MA; Berenbaum MR (2007)
Cytochrome P450s in Papilio multicaudatus and the transition from oligophagy to polyphagy in the Pap[...]
GP00000206
CYP6B4
Q27902
Physiology
Physiology
Lys484Ser and probably other a.a. substitutions
Nymphalidae
brushfoots - (family)
Papilio glaucus
eastern tiger swallowtail - (species)
CYP6B4
Papilio glaucus
eastern tiger swallowtail - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6BG1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Li X; Shan C; Li F ; et al. (2019)
Transcription factor FTZ-F1 and cis-acting elements mediate expression of CYP6BG1 conferring resista[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002064
CYP6BG1
A0A222NX20
Physiology
promoters tested in luciferase assays
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
CYP6BG1
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6CM1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; imidacloprid)
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Karunker I; Benting J; Lueke B ; et al. (2008)
Over-expression of cytochrome P450 CYP6CM1 is associated with high resistance to imidacloprid in the[...]
GP00002608
A0A6C0PTH9
Physiology
three single-nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) markers in the intron region of CYP6CM1 that discriminate between the resistant and susceptible CYP6CM1 alleles
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
CYP6CM1
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6CY3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; neonicotinoid; host plant)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bass C; Zimmer CT; Riveron JM ; et al. (2013)
Gene amplification and microsatellite polymorphism underlie a recent insect host shift.
1 Additional References
GP00001474
CYP6CY3
V5SQ25
Physiology
Expansion of a AC dinucleotide microsatellite (from 15 to 48 repeat units) in the promoter 198 bp upstream of the start codon that enhances gene expression
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
CYP6CY3
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6CY3-CYP6CY4
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; neonicotinoid; host plant)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bass C; Zimmer CT; Riveron JM ; et al. (2013)
Gene amplification and microsatellite polymorphism underlie a recent insect host shift.
3 Additional References
GP00001473
CYP6CY3
V5SQ25
Physiology
gene amplification (from 2 to 14-100 copies) - CYP6CY3 and neighboring gene CYP6CY4 are duplicated in M. p. nicotianae as a large amplicon of ~325 kb creating characteristic breakpoints identifying the region. CYP6CY4 and CYP6CY3 are highly effective at metabolizing nicotine to its nontoxic metabolite cotinine.
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
CYP6CY3-CYP6CY4
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6D1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Gao J; Scott JG (2006)
Role of the transcriptional repressor mdGfi-1 in CYP6D1v1-mediated insecticide resistance in the hou[...]
GP00002118
CYP6D1
Q27698
Physiology
15 bp insertion which disrupts a putative mdGfi-1 binding site in the CYP6D1v1 promoter. mdGfi-1 is a negative regulator of transcription so this leads to increased expression of CYP6D1
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
CYP6D1
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cyp6d2
Xenobiotic resistance (chemotherapeutic agent, camptothecin)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Thomas AM; Hui C; South A ; et al. (2013)
Common variants of Drosophila melanogaster Cyp6d2 cause camptothecin sensitivity and synergize with [...]
GP00001984
Cyp6g2
Q9V675
Physiology
N438T (A22652974C) and N439T (A22652978G) - exact causing mutation(s) not identified - semiquantitative RT-PCR revealed that this mutant produces little to no Cyp6d2 transcript. The mutation is thus also cis-regulatory.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
cyp6d2
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6ER1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; imidacloprid)
Coding,
SNP
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zimmer CT; Garrood WT; Singh KS ; et al. (2018)
Neofunctionalization of Duplicated P450 Genes Drives the Evolution of Insecticide Resistance in the [...]
GP00002472
cyp6er1
A0A2I8B6P1
Physiology
T318S substitution results in a marked (20-fold) and significant increase in resistance compared to the wild-type susceptible variant.
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
CYP6ER1
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6ER1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; imidacloprid)
Coding,
Deletion
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zimmer CT; Garrood WT; Singh KS ; et al. (2018)
Neofunctionalization of Duplicated P450 Genes Drives the Evolution of Insecticide Resistance in the [...]
GP00002473
cyp6er1
A0A2I8B6P1
Physiology
Deletion of Pro377. This provides a more moderate but significant 4.5-fold increase in resistance.
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
CYP6ER1
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6ER1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; imidacloprid)
Coding,
Complex Change
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zimmer CT; Garrood WT; Singh KS ; et al. (2018)
Neofunctionalization of Duplicated P450 Genes Drives the Evolution of Insecticide Resistance in the [...]
GP00002474
cyp6er1
A0A2I8B6P1
Physiology
A375del+A376G
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
CYP6ER1
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6ER1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; imidacloprid)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zimmer CT; Garrood WT; Singh KS ; et al. (2018)
Neofunctionalization of Duplicated P450 Genes Drives the Evolution of Insecticide Resistance in the [...]
GP00002475
cyp6er1
A0A2I8B6P1
Physiology
A significant (up to 9.5-fold) increase in expression driven by the promoter of CYP6ER1vA was observed in comparison to all other promoter variants. This suggests that cis-acting elements in the region upstream of CYP6ER1vA are responsible for the high expression of this variant in BPH populations across Southeast Asia.
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
CYP6ER1
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6FU1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; deltamethrin)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Laodelphax striatellus
small brown planthopper - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pu J; Sun H; Wang J ; et al. (2016)
Multiple cis-acting elements involved in up-regulation of a cytochrome P450 gene conferring resistan[...]
GP00002117
CYP6FU1
A0A1S5R631
Physiology
Four cis-acting elements were identified whose influence on up-regulation was much more pronounced in combination than when present singly.
Laodelphax striatellus
small brown planthopper - (species)
Laodelphax striatellus
small brown planthopper - (species) D
CYP6FU1
Laodelphax striatellus
small brown planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cyp6g1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Schlenke TA; Begun DJ (2004)
Strong selective sweep associated with a transposon insertion in Drosophila simulans.
GP00002019
Cyp6g1
Q9V674
Physiology
insertion of a Doc transposable element around 200 bp upstream of the putative transcription start site - mutation associated with increased expression of the gene
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
cyp6g1
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cyp6g1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wurmser F; Mary-Huard T; Daudin JJ ; et al. (2013)
Variation of gene expression associated with colonisation of an anthropized environment: comparison [...]
GP00002020
Cyp6g1
Q9V674
Physiology
insertion of a Juan transposable element in the regulatory sequence. The insertion is almost fixed in the Rhône Valley but barely present in Mayotte - mutation associated with increased expression of the gene
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
cyp6g1
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP6P9 cluster (CYP6P9a and CYP6P9b)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Riveron JM; Irving H; Ndula M ; et al. (2013)
Directionally selected cytochrome P450 alleles are driving the spread of pyrethroid resistance in th[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000208
CYP2C9
P11712
Physiology
Cis-regulatory variation in CYP6P9b gene
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
CYP6P9 cluster (CYP6P9a and CYP6P9b)
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP9J26
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bariami V; Jones CM; Poupardin R ; et al. (2012)
Gene amplification, ABC transporters and cytochrome P450s: unraveling the molecular basis of pyrethr[...]
GP00002606
CYP9J
Q8T4S7
Physiology
CYP9J26 gene amplified about 6–7 times
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
CYP9J26
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
CYP9M6
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
Experimental Evolution
Candidate Gene
Kasai S; Komagata O; Itokawa K ; et al. (2014)
Mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance in the dengue mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti: target site insens[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002448
CYP9M6
X5ICI6
Physiology
CYP9M6 has the capability to metabolize permethrin and is over expressed in the resistant strain partially due to gene amplification. The average copy number of the CYP9M9 gene is 4.6-fold more than the standard strain based on qPCR.
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
CYP9M6
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cytochrome b
Xenobiotic resistance (fungicide; QoI; quinone outside inhibiting; famoxadone)
Coding,
SNP
Plasmopara viticola
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chen WJ; Delmotte F; Richard-Cervera S ; et al. (2007)
At least two origins of fungicide resistance in grapevine downy mildew populations.
GP00002041
UQCRFS1
P47985
Physiology
Gly143Ala G1256C
Plasmopara viticola
(species)
Plasmopara viticola
(species) D
cytochrome b
Plasmopara viticola
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cytochrome b
Xenobiotic resistance (fungicide; QoI; quinone outside inhibiting; famoxadone)
Coding,
SNP
Plasmopara viticola
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chen WJ; Delmotte F; Richard-Cervera S ; et al. (2007)
At least two origins of fungicide resistance in grapevine downy mildew populations.
GP00002042
UQCRFS1
P47985
Physiology
Gly143Ala G1256C
Plasmopara viticola
(species)
Plasmopara viticola
(species) D
cytochrome b
Plasmopara viticola
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cytochrome b
Xenobiotic resistance (fungicide; myxothiazol)
Coding,
SNP
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bennoun P; Delosme M; Kück U (1991)
Mitochondrial genetics of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: resistance mutations marking the cytochrome b g[...]
GP00002043
UQCRFS1
P47985
Physiology
F129L
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
(species)
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
(species) D
cytochrome b
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cytochrome b
Xenobiotic resistance (fungicide; QoI; quinone outside inhibiting)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Mycena galopus
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Kraiczy P; Haase U; Gencic S ; et al. (1996)
The molecular basis for the natural resistance of the cytochrome bc1 complex from strobilurin-produc[...]
GP00002044
UQCRFS1
P47985
Physiology
2 mutations
Mycena viridimarginata
(species)
Mycena galopus
(species) D
cytochrome b
Mycena galopus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cytochrome b
Xenobiotic resistance (fungicide; QoI; quinone outside inhibiting)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Strobilurus tenacellus
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Kraiczy P; Haase U; Gencic S ; et al. (1996)
The molecular basis for the natural resistance of the cytochrome bc1 complex from strobilurin-produc[...]
GP00002045
UQCRFS1
P47985
Physiology
2 mutations
Mycena viridimarginata
(species)
Strobilurus tenacellus
(species) D
cytochrome b
Strobilurus tenacellus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cytochrome b
Xenobiotic resistance (fungicide; QoI; quinone outside inhibiting)
Coding,
SNP
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
fission yeast - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Kraiczy P; Haase U; Gencic S ; et al. (1996)
The molecular basis for the natural resistance of the cytochrome bc1 complex from strobilurin-produc[...]
GP00002046
UQCRFS1
P47985
Physiology
N261D
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
fission yeast - (species) D
cytochrome b
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
fission yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cytochrome b
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; bifenazate)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Van Leeuwen T; Vanholme B; Van Pottelberge S ; et al. (2008)
Mitochondrial heteroplasmy and the evolution of insecticide resistance: non-Mendelian inheritance in[...]
GP00002599
UQCRFS1
P47985
Physiology
2 mutations
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
cytochrome b
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cytochrome b
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; bifenazate)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Panonychus citri
citrus red mite - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Van Leeuwen T; Van Nieuwenhuyse P; Vanholme B ; et al. (2011)
Parallel evolution of cytochrome b mediated bifenazate resistance in the citrus red mite Panonychus [...]
GP00002600
UQCRFS1
P47985
Physiology
2 mutations
Panonychus citri
citrus red mite - (species)
Panonychus citri
citrus red mite - (species) D
cytochrome b
Panonychus citri
citrus red mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
cytochrome c oxidase (COX7A)
Fertility
Lifespan
Locomotor activity
Coding,
Deletion
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Melvin RG; Katewa SD; Ballard JW (2008)
A candidate complex approach to study functional mitochondrial DNA changes: sequence variation and q[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001980
COX7A
Q9VHS2
Physiology
Physiology
Physiology
Deletion of two amino acids (Trp85 and Val86). The deletion occurs in subunit 7A of the mitochondrial electron trans-port chain protein cytochrome c oxidase (cox7A). The nuclear encoded cox7A gene produces a protein that isimported into the mitochondrion and forms a subunit of complexIV (cytochrome c oxidase) of the electron transport chain.
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
cytochrome c oxidase (COX7A)
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
D14 (KAI2 paralog)
Seed dormancy (strigolactone responsiveness)
Coding,
Unknown
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Conn CE; Bythell-Douglas R; Neumann D ; et al. (2015)
PLANT EVOLUTION. Convergent evolution of strigolactone perception enabled host detection in parasiti[...]
GP00000213
D14
Q10QA5
Physiology
Ligand-binding pocket tuning
Spermatophyta
(no rank)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
D14 (KAI2 paralog)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Dca (=smp-30)
Wing size
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lee SF; Chen Y; Varan AK ; et al. (2011)
Molecular basis of adaptive shift in body size in Drosophila melanogaster: functional and sequence a[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000214
smp-30
Q9VFG5
Morphology
Non-coding
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Dca (=smp-30)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP)
Tooth absence (no enamel production)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Sire JY; Delgado SC; Girondot M (2008)
Hen's teeth with enamel cap: from dream to impossibility.
GP00001936
DSPP
Q9NZW4
Physiology
synteny of the corresponding region - only the N-terminal region of DSPP is present in the genome - 1-bp deletion in exon one leading to a reading frame shift were this sequence to be translated N
Paleosuchus palpebrosus
Cuvier's dwarf caiman - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
desatF
Pheromone production
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Legendre A; Miao XX; Da Lage JL ; et al. (2008)
Evolution of a desaturase involved in female pheromonal cuticular hydrocarbon biosynthesis and court[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000219
desatF
A7DZ97
Physiology
Enrichment/gain of DSX binding sites
Drosophila
(subgenus)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
desatF
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
desatF
Pheromone production
Cis-regulatory,
Deletion
Drosophila
(subgenus) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Shirangi TR; Dufour HD; Williams TM ; et al. (2009)
Rapid evolution of sex pheromone-producing enzyme expression in Drosophila.
GP00000220
desatF
A7DZ97
Physiology
Inactivation of DSX-binding site
Drosophila takahashii
(species)
Drosophila
(subgenus) D
desatF
Drosophila
(subgenus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Dihydroflavonol 4 reductase (MlDfr)
Coloration (flower)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Erythranthe lewisii
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wu CA; Streisfeld MA; Nutter LI ; et al. (2013)
The genetic basis of a rare flower color polymorphism in Mimulus lewisii provides insight into the r[...]
GP00001457
DFRA
P51102
Morphology
A 2 nt (TG) insertion at position 265 causing a frameshift and a greatly truncated protein of 106 aa only about one-fourth of its functional length N
Erythranthe lewisii
(species)
Erythranthe lewisii
(species) D
Dihydroflavonol 4 reductase (MlDfr)
Erythranthe lewisii
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR)
Coloration (flowers)
Coding,
Deletion
Iochroma calycinum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Coburn RA; Griffin RH; Smith SD (2015)
Genetic basis for a rare floral mutant in an Andean species of Solanaceae.
GP00000224
DFRA
P51102
Morphology
33bp (11 a.a) deletion In coding sequence
Iochroma calycinum
(species)
Iochroma calycinum
(species) D
dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR)
Iochroma calycinum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Diptericin
Pathogen resistance (bacteria)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Unckless RL; Howick VM; Lazzaro BP (2016)
Convergent Balancing Selection on an Antimicrobial Peptide in Drosophila.
1 Additional References
GP00000228
DptA
P24492
Physiology
Ser>Arg (AGC>AGG)
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Diptericin
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Dopa oxidase-3 (Dox-3)
Enzymatic activity
Unknown,
Unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Asada N (1997)
Genetic variants affecting phenoloxidase activity in Drosophila melanogaster.
GP00002000
Physiology
Exact causing mutation(s) unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Dopa oxidase-3 (Dox-3)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Doublesex
Bristle number (male sex comb tooth number)
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
obscura group
(species group)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Tanaka K; Barmina O; Sanders LE ; et al. (2011)
Evolution of sex-specific traits through changes in HOX-dependent doublesex expression.
GP00000235
dsx
P23023
Morphology
Acquisition of Scr binding sites in enhancer
Sophophora
(subgenus)
obscura group
(species group)
Doublesex
obscura group
(species group)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Doublesex
Coloration (wing ; Batesian mimicry)
Unknown,
Unknown
Papilio memnon
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Iijima T; Kajitani R; Komata S ; et al. (2018)
Parallel evolution of Batesian mimicry supergene in two Papilio butterflies, P. polytes and P. memno[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001967
dsx
P23023
Morphology
A locus containing three genes (dsx; Nach-like and UXT) displays dimorphic sequences strictly associated with the mimetic/nonmimetic phenotypes. Expression of dox; UXT but not Nach-like showed differences correlated with phenotype in female hind wings.
Papilio memnon
(species)
Papilio memnon
(species)
Doublesex
Papilio memnon
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Drosomycin-like 5
Pathogen resistance (fungi)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chakraborty M; Emerson JJ; Macdonald SJ ; et al. (2019)
Structural variants exhibit widespread allelic heterogeneity and shape variation in complex traits.
GP00002111
Drsl5
Q9VZR2
Physiology
Duplication of the gene and insertion of a 4993-bp region (which comes from part of a neighboring gene). Associated with a >1000-fold expression increase of the gene.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Drosomycin-like 5
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Duffy
Pathogen resistance (Plasmodium; malaria parasite) (malaria)
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tournamille C; Colin Y; Cartron JP ; et al. (1995)
Disruption of a GATA motif in the Duffy gene promoter abolishes erythroid gene expression in Duffy-n[...]
GP00000240
ACKR1
Q16570
Physiology
T to C substitution in 5' region at pos -46
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Duffy
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ebony
Coloration (posterior abdomen)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila auraria
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Johnson WC; Ordway AJ; Watada M ; et al. (2015)
Genetic Changes to a Transcriptional Silencer Element Confers Phenotypic Diversity within and betwee[...]
GP00000250
e
O76858
Morphology
Inactivation of a conserved silencer resulting in gain-of-expression; the increase in ebony expression in the light strain occurred primarily through mutations affecting the ebony male-specific silencer element
Drosophila auraria
(species)
Drosophila auraria
(species) D
ebony
Drosophila auraria
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ebony
Coloration (posterior abdomen)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila serrata
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Johnson WC; Ordway AJ; Watada M ; et al. (2015)
Genetic Changes to a Transcriptional Silencer Element Confers Phenotypic Diversity within and betwee[...]
GP00000251
e
O76858
Morphology
loss of the ebony male-specific silencer function - increased expression of ebony
Drosophila jambulina
(species)
Drosophila serrata
(species) D
ebony
Drosophila serrata
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ecdysone oxidase
Developmental time
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Sun W; Shen YH; Han MJ ; et al. (2014)
An adaptive transposable element insertion in the regulatory region of the EO gene in the domesticat[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001102
Eo
Q9VY01
Physiology
insertion of a 512bp fragment of a Taguchi transposable element 462 bp upstream of the transcription start site of the EO gene. The TE insertion enhances the transcription of flanking genes after 20-hydroxyecdysone treatment.
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species)
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species) D
Ecdysone oxidase
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ectodysplasin (EDA)
Scales (loss)
Femoral glands (absent)
Tooth number
Coding,
Insertion
Pogona vitticeps
central bearded dragon - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Di-Poï N; Milinkovitch MC (2016)
The anatomical placode in reptile scale morphogenesis indicates shared ancestry among skin appendage[...]
GP00002040
Eda
O54693
Morphology
Morphology
Morphology
5′688–bp insertion of a transposon of the LTR-Gypsy family which generates a new splice donor site (gt) 42 bases upstream of the wild-type donor site; thus generating a 14–amino acid deletion in the corresponding transcript
Pogona vitticeps
central bearded dragon - (species)
Pogona vitticeps
central bearded dragon - (species) D
Ectodysplasin (EDA)
Pogona vitticeps
central bearded dragon - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EDAR
Scales (reduced)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Yang J; Chen X; Bai J ; et al. (2016)
The Sinocyclocheilus cavefish genome provides insights into cave adaptation.
GP00002359
EDAR
Q9UNE0
Morphology
Several deletions in the EDAR1 coding region. N
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species)
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
(species) D
EDAR
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species)
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species)
Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EDAR
Scales (reduced)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Yang J; Chen X; Bai J ; et al. (2016)
The Sinocyclocheilus cavefish genome provides insights into cave adaptation.
GP00002360
EDAR
Q9UNE0
Morphology; Physiology
Deletion of a large part of the EDAR2 coding region. N
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species)
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
EDAR
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EDN3
Coloration (coat)
Coloration (eyes)
Hearing (loss)
Unknown,
Unknown
Lama glama
llama - (species) D
Vicugna pacos
alpaca - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Fan R; Gu Z; Guang X ; et al. (2020)
Genomic analysis of the domestication and post-Spanish conquest evolution of the llama and alpaca.
GP00002182
EDN3
P14138
Morphology
Morphology
Physiology
Introgression from alpacas to lamas and clear correlation wit phenotype but no information on the mutation(s)
Vicugna vicugna
vicugna - (species)
Lama glama
llama - (species) D
Vicugna pacos
alpaca - (species) D
EDN3
Lama glama
llama - (species)
Vicugna pacos
alpaca - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EDN3
Coloration
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Ambystoma mexicanum
axolotl - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Woodcock MR; Vaughn-Wolfe J; Elias A ; et al. (2017)
Identification of Mutant Genes and Introgressed Tiger Salamander DNA in the Laboratory Axolotl, Amby[...]
GP00002377
EDN3
P14138
Morphology
Ambystoma mexicanum
axolotl - (species)
Ambystoma mexicanum
axolotl - (species) D
EDN3
Ambystoma mexicanum
axolotl - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
edn3b
Coloration (reduced number of stripes)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Danio nigrofasciatus
dwarf danio - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Spiewak JE; Bain EJ; Liu J ; et al. (2018)
Evolution of Endothelin signaling and diversification of adult pigment pattern in Danio fishes.
GP00002124
edn3b
E9QFS0
Morphology
pigment pattern differences between these species are clearly polygenic, and it seems likely that additional loci, of the endothelin pathway or other pathways, will be identified as contributing to attenuated stripes and interstripes of D. nigrofasciatus compared to D. rerio.
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species)
Danio nigrofasciatus
dwarf danio - (species)
edn3b
Danio nigrofasciatus
dwarf danio - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EGLN1
High-altitude adaptation
Hypoxia response
Unknown,
Unknown
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Graham AM; McCracken KG (2019)
Convergent evolution on the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes EGLN1 and EPAS1 in high-alt[...]
GP00002135
EGLN1
Q9GZT9
Physiology
Physiology
probably cis-regulatory because no nonsynonymous mutations in the coding exon with high Fst
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species)
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species) D
EGLN1
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EGLN1
High-altitude adaptation
Hypoxia response
Unknown,
Unknown
Anas georgica
yellow-billed pintail - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Graham AM; McCracken KG (2019)
Convergent evolution on the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes EGLN1 and EPAS1 in high-alt[...]
GP00002136
EGLN1
Q9GZT9
Physiology
Physiology
probably cis-regulatory because no nonsynonymous mutations in the coding exon with high Fst
Anas georgica
yellow-billed pintail - (species)
Anas georgica
yellow-billed pintail - (species) D
EGLN1
Anas georgica
yellow-billed pintail - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EGNL1
High-altitude adaptation
Hypoxia response
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Anas cyanoptera
cinnamon teal - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Graham AM; McCracken KG (2019)
Convergent evolution on the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes EGLN1 and EPAS1 in high-alt[...]
GP00002134
EGLN1
Q9GZT9
Physiology
Physiology
probably cis-regulatory because no nonsynonymous mutations in the coding exon with high Fst
Anas cyanoptera
cinnamon teal - (species)
Anas cyanoptera
cinnamon teal - (species) D
EGNL1
Anas cyanoptera
cinnamon teal - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
enamelin (ENAM)
Tooth absence (no enamel production)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Sire JY; Delgado SC; Girondot M (2008)
Hen's teeth with enamel cap: from dream to impossibility.
GP00001935
ENAM
Q9NRM1
Physiology
synteny of the corresponding region - the gene has been likely deleted from the chicken genome as a consequence of intrachromosomal rearrangements which have probably occurred in the lineage that led to the last common ancestor of modern birds N
Paleosuchus palpebrosus
Cuvier's dwarf caiman - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
enamelin (ENAM)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
enamelin (ENAM)
Tooth absence (no enamel production)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Eubalaena glacialis
North Atlantic right whale - (species) D
Megaptera novaeangliae
humpback whale - (species) D
Eschrichtius robustus
grey whale - (species) D
Caperea marginata
pygmy right whale - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Murphy WJ ; et al. (2009)
Molecular decay of the tooth gene Enamelin (ENAM) mirrors the loss of enamel in the fossil record of[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001939
ENAM
Q9NRM1
Physiology
1-bp deletion. Various frameshift mutations were found in the distinct species. N
Cetacea
whales - (order)
Eubalaena glacialis
North Atlantic right whale - (species) D
Megaptera novaeangliae
humpback whale - (species) D
Eschrichtius robustus
grey whale - (species) D
Caperea marginata
pygmy right whale - (species) D
enamelin (ENAM)
Eubalaena glacialis
North Atlantic right whale - (species)
Megaptera novaeangliae
humpback whale - (species)
Eschrichtius robustus
grey whale - (species)
Caperea marginata
pygmy right whale - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
enamelin (ENAM)
Tooth composition (no enamel production)
2 Mutations:
Coding
Deletion
N
Kogia sima
dwarf sperm whale - (species) D
Kogia breviceps
pygmy sperm whale - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Murphy WJ ; et al. (2009)
Molecular decay of the tooth gene Enamelin (ENAM) mirrors the loss of enamel in the fossil record of[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001942
ENAM
Q9NRM1
Physiology
2 mutations
Physeter catodon
sperm whale - (species)
Kogia sima
dwarf sperm whale - (species) D
Kogia breviceps
pygmy sperm whale - (species) D
enamelin (ENAM)
Kogia sima
dwarf sperm whale - (species)
Kogia breviceps
pygmy sperm whale - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
enamelin (ENAM)
Tooth composition (no enamel production)
3 Mutations:
Coding
N
Orycteropus afer
aardvark - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Murphy WJ ; et al. (2009)
Molecular decay of the tooth gene Enamelin (ENAM) mirrors the loss of enamel in the fossil record of[...]
GP00001943
ENAM
Q9NRM1
Physiology
3 mutations
Elephantulus rufescens
East African long-eared elephant shrew - (species)
Orycteropus afer
aardvark - (species) D
enamelin (ENAM)
Orycteropus afer
aardvark - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
enamelin (ENAM)
Tooth composition (no enamel production)
Coding,
Unknown
N
Manis pentadactyla
Chinese pangolin - (species) D
Manis tricuspis
Tree pangolin - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Murphy WJ ; et al. (2009)
Molecular decay of the tooth gene Enamelin (ENAM) mirrors the loss of enamel in the fossil record of[...]
GP00001944
ENAM
Q9NRM1
Physiology
multiple deletions and insertions less than 9bp causing frameshift N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Manis pentadactyla
Chinese pangolin - (species) D
Manis tricuspis
Tree pangolin - (species) D
enamelin (ENAM)
Manis pentadactyla
Chinese pangolin - (species)
Manis tricuspis
Tree pangolin - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
enamelin (ENAM)
Tooth composition (no enamel production)
Coding,
Unknown
N
Bradypus tridactylus
Pale-throated sloth - (species) D
Tamandua tetradactyla
southern tamandua - (species) D
Dasypus novemcinctus
nine-banded armadillo - (species) D
Euphractus sexcinctus
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Murphy WJ ; et al. (2009)
Molecular decay of the tooth gene Enamelin (ENAM) mirrors the loss of enamel in the fossil record of[...]
GP00001945
ENAM
Q9NRM1
Physiology
multiple frameshift insertions and deletions N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Bradypus tridactylus
Pale-throated sloth - (species) D
Tamandua tetradactyla
southern tamandua - (species) D
Dasypus novemcinctus
nine-banded armadillo - (species) D
Euphractus sexcinctus
(species) D
enamelin (ENAM)
Bradypus tridactylus
Pale-throated sloth - (species)
Tamandua tetradactyla
southern tamandua - (species)
Dasypus novemcinctus
nine-banded armadillo - (species)
Euphractus sexcinctus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
enamelysin (MMP20)
Tooth absence (no enamel production)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Balaenoptera physalus
Fin whale - (species) D
Balaena mysticetus
bowhead whale - (species) D
Megaptera novaeangliae
humpback whale - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Cheng J ; et al. (2011)
Pseudogenization of the tooth gene enamelysin (MMP20) in the common ancestor of extant baleen whales[...]
GP00001940
MMP20
O60882
Physiology
insertion of a CHR-2 SINE retroposon in exon 2 of MMP20 which would result in premature truncation of the MMP20 protein owing to stop codons in all possible reading frames of the CHR-2 SINE. The length of the MMP20 SINE ranges from 302 bp (B. musculus) to 318 bp (B. physalus). This mutation is found in eight investigated species of baleen whales. Other inactivating mutations (nonsense and frameshift mutations) are found in various species N
Physeter catodon
sperm whale - (species)
Balaenoptera physalus
Fin whale - (species) D
Balaena mysticetus
bowhead whale - (species) D
Megaptera novaeangliae
humpback whale - (species) D
enamelysin (MMP20)
Balaenoptera physalus
Fin whale - (species)
Balaena mysticetus
bowhead whale - (species)
Megaptera novaeangliae
humpback whale - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
enamelysin (MMP20)
Tooth composition (no enamel production)
Coding,
SNP
N
Kogia breviceps
pygmy sperm whale - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Cheng J ; et al. (2011)
Pseudogenization of the tooth gene enamelysin (MMP20) in the common ancestor of extant baleen whales[...]
GP00001941
MMP20
O60882
Physiology
opal stop codon (TGA) in the propeptide-coding region of MMP20 exon 2 in a single individual of the pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps N
Kogia sima
dwarf sperm whale - (species)
Kogia breviceps
pygmy sperm whale - (species) D
enamelysin (MMP20)
Kogia breviceps
pygmy sperm whale - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Endothelin receptor B
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Metallinos DL; Bowling AT; Rine J (1998)
A missense mutation in the endothelin-B receptor gene is associated with Lethal White Foal Syndrome:[...]
2 Additional References
GP00000269
Ednrb
P48302
Morphology
Ile118Lys
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Endothelin receptor B
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Endothelin receptor B2
Coloration (feathers ; white-spotting)
Coding,
SNP
Anas platyrhynchos
mallard - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Li L; Li D; Liu L ; et al. (2015)
Endothelin Receptor B2 (EDNRB2) Gene Is Associated with Spot Plumage Pattern in Domestic Ducks (Anas[...]
GP00002378
EDNRB2
W8VUK4
Morphology
Anas platyrhynchos
mallard - (species)
Anas platyrhynchos
mallard - (species) D
Endothelin receptor B2
Anas platyrhynchos
mallard - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN)
Increase in antiviral ribonuclease activity
Coding,
SNP
Catarrhini
(parvorder)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Zhang J; Rosenberg HF (2002)
Complementary advantageous substitutions in the evolution of an antiviral RNase of higher primates.
GP00000272
RNASE2
P10153
Physiology
Arg64Ser
Primates
(order)
Catarrhini
(parvorder)
eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN)
Catarrhini
(parvorder)
Published - Accepted by Curator
eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN)
Increase in antiviral ribonuclease activity
Coding,
SNP
Catarrhini
(parvorder)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Zhang J; Rosenberg HF (2002)
Complementary advantageous substitutions in the evolution of an antiviral RNase of higher primates.
GP00000273
RNASE2
P10153
Physiology
Thr132Arg
Primates
(order)
Catarrhini
(parvorder)
eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN)
Catarrhini
(parvorder)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPAS1
High-altitude adaptation
Hypoxia response
Unknown,
Unknown
Anas cyanoptera
cinnamon teal - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Graham AM; McCracken KG (2019)
Convergent evolution on the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes EGLN1 and EPAS1 in high-alt[...]
GP00002131
EPAS1
Q99814
Physiology
Physiology
several candidate coding mutations
Anas cyanoptera
cinnamon teal - (species)
Anas cyanoptera
cinnamon teal - (species) D
EPAS1
Anas cyanoptera
cinnamon teal - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPAS1
High-altitude adaptation
Hypoxia response
Unknown,
Unknown
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Graham AM; McCracken KG (2019)
Convergent evolution on the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes EGLN1 and EPAS1 in high-alt[...]
GP00002132
EPAS1
Q99814
Physiology
Physiology
several candidate coding mutations
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species)
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species) D
EPAS1
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPAS1
High-altitude adaptation
Hypoxia response
Unknown,
Unknown
Anas georgica
yellow-billed pintail - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Graham AM; McCracken KG (2019)
Convergent evolution on the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes EGLN1 and EPAS1 in high-alt[...]
GP00002133
EPAS1
Q99814
Physiology
Physiology
several candidate coding mutations
Anas georgica
yellow-billed pintail - (species)
Anas georgica
yellow-billed pintail - (species) D
EPAS1
Anas georgica
yellow-billed pintail - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EphB2
Feathers (crest morphology)
Coding,
SNP
Streptopelia risoria
ringneck dove - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Vickrey AI; Domyan ET; Horvath MP ; et al. (2015)
Convergent Evolution of Head Crests in Two Domesticated Columbids Is Associated with Different Misse[...]
GP00000276
EPHB2
P28693
Morphology
Gly636Arg (G>A)
Streptopelia risoria
ringneck dove - (species)
Streptopelia risoria
ringneck dove - (species) D
EphB2
Streptopelia risoria
ringneck dove - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Epithiospecifier protein (ESP)
Plant secondary metabolite (glucosinolate)
Herbivore resistance
Coding,
Deletion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lambrix V; Reichelt M; Mitchell-Olds T ; et al. (2001)
The Arabidopsis epithiospecifier protein promotes the hydrolysis of glucosinolates to nitriles and i[...]
GP00000279
ESP
Q8RY71
Physiology
Physiology
deletion of 124 bases that eliminates a splice site and 100 nucleotides of the ORF N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Epithiospecifier protein (ESP)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Amaranthus palmeri
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Gaines TA; Zhang W; Wang D ; et al. (2010)
Gene amplification confers glyphosate resistance in Amaranthus palmeri.
GP00001883
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
Genomes of resistant plants contain from 5-fold to more than 160-fold more copies of the EPSPS gene than did genomes of susceptible plants - the duplicated section of DNA including the 10 kb EPSPS gene is at least 30 kb long
Amaranthus palmeri
(species)
Amaranthus palmeri
(species) D
EPSPS
Amaranthus palmeri
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Amaranthus tuberculatus
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tranel PJ; Riggins CW; Bell MS ; et al. (2011)
Herbicide resistances in Amaranthus tuberculatus: a call for new options.
GP00001884
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
4 copies of the EPSPS gene
Amaranthus tuberculatus
(species)
Amaranthus tuberculatus
(species) D
EPSPS
Amaranthus tuberculatus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Lolium multiflorum
Italian ryegrass - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Salas RA; Dayan FE; Pan Z ; et al. (2012)
EPSPS gene amplification in glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum) [...]
GP00001885
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
15-25 copies of the EPSPS gene
Lolium multiflorum
Italian ryegrass - (species)
Lolium multiflorum
Italian ryegrass - (species) D
EPSPS
Lolium multiflorum
Italian ryegrass - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Bassia scoparia
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Sammons RD; Gaines TA (2014)
Glyphosate resistance: state of knowledge.
GP00001886
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
15-25 copies of the EPSPS gene
Bassia scoparia
(species)
Bassia scoparia
(species) D
EPSPS
Bassia scoparia
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Amaranthus spinosus
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Sammons RD; Gaines TA (2014)
Glyphosate resistance: state of knowledge.
GP00001887
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
26-37 copies of the EPSPS gene
Amaranthus spinosus
(species)
Amaranthus spinosus
(species) D
EPSPS
Amaranthus spinosus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Coding,
SNP
Eleusine indica
goosegrass - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Baerson SR; Rodriguez DJ; Tran M ; et al. (2002)
Glyphosate-resistant goosegrass. Identification of a mutation in the target enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshik[...]
GP00001888
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
Pro106Ser leading to 2-4-fold resistance
Eleusine indica
goosegrass - (species)
Eleusine indica
goosegrass - (species) D
EPSPS
Eleusine indica
goosegrass - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Coding,
SNP
Echinochloa colona
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Morran S; Moretti ML; Brunharo CA ; et al. (2018)
Multiple target site resistance to glyphosate in junglerice (Echinochloa colona) lines from Californ[...]
GP00001889
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
Pro106Ser leading to resistance
Echinochloa colona
(species)
Echinochloa colona
(species) D
EPSPS
Echinochloa colona
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Coding,
SNP
Echinochloa colona
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Morran S; Moretti ML; Brunharo CA ; et al. (2018)
Multiple target site resistance to glyphosate in junglerice (Echinochloa colona) lines from Californ[...]
GP00001890
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
Pro106Leu leading to resistance
Echinochloa colona
(species)
Echinochloa colona
(species) D
EPSPS
Echinochloa colona
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Coding,
SNP
Echinochloa colona
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Morran S; Moretti ML; Brunharo CA ; et al. (2018)
Multiple target site resistance to glyphosate in junglerice (Echinochloa colona) lines from Californ[...]
GP00001891
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
Pro106Thr leading to resistance
Echinochloa colona
(species)
Echinochloa colona
(species) D
EPSPS
Echinochloa colona
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Coding,
SNP
Amaranthus tuberculatus
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bell Michael S; Hager Aaron G; Tranel Patrick J (2013
)
Multiple resistance to herbicides from four site-of-action groups in waterhemp (Amaranthus tubercula[...]
GP00001892
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
resistance not due to EPSPS amplification; partly due to P106S mutation
Amaranthus tuberculatus
(species)
Amaranthus tuberculatus
(species) D
EPSPS
Amaranthus tuberculatus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Coding,
SNP
Lolium multiflorum
Italian ryegrass - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Jasieniuk Marie; Ahmad Riaz; Sherwood Anna M ; et al. (2008
)
Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in California: distribution, response to [...]
GP00001896
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
Pro106Ser
Lolium multiflorum
Italian ryegrass - (species)
Lolium multiflorum
Italian ryegrass - (species) D
EPSPS
Lolium multiflorum
Italian ryegrass - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Coding,
SNP
Lolium multiflorum
Italian ryegrass - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Jasieniuk Marie; Ahmad Riaz; Sherwood Anna M ; et al. (2008
)
Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) in California: distribution, response to [...]
GP00001897
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
Pro106Ala conferring 5-15-fold resistance
Lolium multiflorum
Italian ryegrass - (species)
Lolium multiflorum
Italian ryegrass - (species) D
EPSPS
Lolium multiflorum
Italian ryegrass - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Coding,
SNP
Eleusine indica
goosegrass - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Ng CH; Wickneswari R; Salmijah S ; et al. (2003
)
Gene polymorphisms in glyphosate‐resistant and‐susceptible biotypes of Eleusine indica from Malaysia[...]
GP00001898
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
Pro106Thr leading to 3-fold resistance
Eleusine indica
goosegrass - (species)
Eleusine indica
goosegrass - (species) D
EPSPS
Eleusine indica
goosegrass - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Coding,
SNP
Digitaria insularis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
de Carvalho LB; Alves PL; González-Torralva F ; et al. (2012)
Pool of resistance mechanisms to glyphosate in Digitaria insularis.
GP00001899
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
Pro106Thr
Digitaria insularis
(species)
Digitaria insularis
(species) D
EPSPS
Digitaria insularis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Coding,
SNP
Lolium rigidum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kaundun SS; Dale RP; Zelaya IA ; et al. (2011)
A novel P106L mutation in EPSPS and an unknown mechanism(s) act additively to confer resistance to g[...]
GP00001900
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
Pro106Leu conferring a 1.7-fold resistance increase to glyphosate at the whole plant level
Lolium rigidum
(species)
Lolium rigidum
(species) D
EPSPS
Lolium rigidum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Coding,
SNP
Lolium rigidum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bostamam Yazid; Malone Jenna M; Dolman Fleur C ; et al. (2012
)
Rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) populations containing a target site mutation in EPSPS and reduced g[...]
GP00001901
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
Pro106Ser
Lolium rigidum
(species)
Lolium rigidum
(species) D
EPSPS
Lolium rigidum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Coding,
SNP
Lolium rigidum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bostamam Yazid; Malone Jenna M; Dolman Fleur C ; et al. (2012
)
Rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) populations containing a target site mutation in EPSPS and reduced g[...]
GP00001902
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
Pro106Thr
Lolium rigidum
(species)
Lolium rigidum
(species) D
EPSPS
Lolium rigidum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
EPSPS
Xenobiotic resistance (herbicides; glyphosate)
Coding,
SNP
Lolium rigidum
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Yu Q; Cairns A; Powles S (2007)
Glyphosate, paraquat and ACCase multiple herbicide resistance evolved in a Lolium rigidum biotype.
GP00001903
At2g45300
P05466
Physiology
Pro106Ala
Lolium rigidum
(species)
Lolium rigidum
(species) D
EPSPS
Lolium rigidum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ERG11 = CYP51A1
Xenobiotic resistance
Coding,
SNP
Candida albicans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Sanglard D; Ischer F; Koymans L ; et al. (1998)
Amino acid substitutions in the cytochrome P-450 lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51A1) from azole[...]
GP00000281
ERG11
P10613
Physiology
Y132H
Candida albicans
(species)
Candida albicans
(species) D
ERG11 = CYP51A1
Candida albicans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ERG11 = CYP51A1
Xenobiotic resistance
Coding,
SNP
Candida albicans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Sanglard D; Ischer F; Koymans L ; et al. (1998)
Amino acid substitutions in the cytochrome P-450 lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51A1) from azole[...]
GP00000282
ERG11
P10613
Physiology
S405F
Candida albicans
(species)
Candida albicans
(species) D
ERG11 = CYP51A1
Candida albicans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ERG11 = CYP51A1
Xenobiotic resistance
Coding,
SNP
Candida albicans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Sanglard D; Ischer F; Koymans L ; et al. (1998)
Amino acid substitutions in the cytochrome P-450 lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51A1) from azole[...]
GP00000283
ERG11
P10613
Physiology
G464S
Candida albicans
(species)
Candida albicans
(species) D
ERG11 = CYP51A1
Candida albicans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ERG11 = CYP51A1
Xenobiotic resistance
Coding,
SNP
Candida albicans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Sanglard D; Ischer F; Koymans L ; et al. (1998)
Amino acid substitutions in the cytochrome P-450 lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51A1) from azole[...]
GP00000284
ERG11
P10613
Physiology
R467K
Candida albicans
(species)
Candida albicans
(species) D
ERG11 = CYP51A1
Candida albicans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase A8 and B8
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Qiao CL; Marquine M; Pasteur N ; et al. (1998)
A new esterase gene amplification involved in OP resistance in Culex pipiens mosquitoes from China.
GP00002641
B1
P16854
Physiology
coamplification of both esterase loci (Est-2 and Est-3)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
esterase A8 and B8
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase B1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; benzoylurea)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Karunaratne SH; Vaughan A; Paton MG ; et al. (1998)
Amplification of a serine esterase gene is involved in insecticide resistance in Sri Lankan Culex tr[...]
GP00000290
B1
P16854
Physiology
Whole gene amplification
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species)
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species) D
esterase B1
Culex tritaeniorhynchus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase B1 + esterase A
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rooker S; Guillemaud T; Bergé J ; et al. (1996)
Coamplification of esterase A and B genes as a single unit in Culex pipiens mosquitoes.
GP00000291
B1
P16854
Physiology
Amplification of a region containing both genes
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
esterase B1 + esterase A
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase B1 = esterase beta1
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Mouchès C; Pasteur N; Bergé JB ; et al. (1986)
Amplification of an esterase gene is responsible for insecticide resistance in a California Culex mo[...]
3 Additional References
GP00000292
B1
P16854
Physiology
Amplification of esterase B1 only
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
esterase B1 = esterase beta1
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase B4
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; chlorpyrifos)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Poirié M; Raymond M; Pasteur N (1992)
Identification of two distinct amplifications of the esterase B locus in Culex pipiens (L.) mosquito[...]
GP00002639
B1
P16854
Physiology
The production of the esterase B is approximately 50- and 500-fold higher in mosquitoes from France and Cyprus (respectively) than in susceptible insects whereas the number of gene copies is about 25 and 250. Differences of about 7- and 95-fold were also found in the degree of chlorpyrifos resistance.
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
esterase B4
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase B5
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; chlorpyrifos)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Poirié M; Raymond M; Pasteur N (1992)
Identification of two distinct amplifications of the esterase B locus in Culex pipiens (L.) mosquito[...]
GP00002640
B1
P16854
Physiology
The production of the esterase B is approximately 50- and 500-fold higher in mosquitoes from France and Cyprus (respectively) than in susceptible insects whereas the number of gene copies is about 25 and 250. Differences of about 7- and 95-fold were also found in the degree of chlorpyrifos resistance.
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
esterase B5
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase E4
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Field LM; Devonshire AL; Forde BG (1988)
Molecular evidence that insecticide resistance in peach-potato aphids (Myzus persicae Sulz.) results[...]
2 Additional References
GP00000293
P35501
Physiology
Whole gene amplification. Amplification of the E4 gene is closely linked to a chromosomal translocation (the autosomal 1-3 translocation event) and amplified genes are situated at a single heterozygous site on autosome 3 as a tandem array of head-to-tail amplicons.
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
esterase E4
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase FE4
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Blackman RL; Spence JM; Field LM ; et al. (1999
)
Variation in the chromosomal distribution of amplified esterase (FE4) genes in Greek field populatio[...]
2 Additional References
GP00002642
P35502
Physiology
Gene amplification
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
esterase FE4
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase isozyme E3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Newcomb RD; Campbell PM; Ollis DL ; et al. (1997)
A single amino acid substitution converts a carboxylesterase to an organophosphorus hydrolase and co[...]
GP00000294
LcaE7
Q25252
Physiology
Gly137Asp
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly - (species)
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly - (species)
esterase isozyme E3
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase isozyme E3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Jackson CJ; Liu JW; Carr PD ; et al. (2013)
Structure and function of an insect α-carboxylesterase (αEsterase7) associated with insecticide resi[...]
GP00000295
LcaE7
Q25252
Physiology
Trp251Leu
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly - (species)
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly - (species)
esterase isozyme E3
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase isozyme E3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Lucilia sericata
common green bottle fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hartley CJ; Newcomb RD; Russell RJ ; et al. (2006)
Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolutio[...]
GP00000296
LcaE7
Q25252
Physiology
Trp251Leu
Lucilia sericata
common green bottle fly - (species)
Lucilia sericata
common green bottle fly - (species)
esterase isozyme E3
Lucilia sericata
common green bottle fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase isozyme E3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Lucilia sericata
common green bottle fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hartley CJ; Newcomb RD; Russell RJ ; et al. (2006)
Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolutio[...]
GP00000297
LcaE7
Q25252
Physiology
Trp251Ser
Lucilia sericata
common green bottle fly - (species)
Lucilia sericata
common green bottle fly - (species) D
esterase isozyme E3
Lucilia sericata
common green bottle fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase isozyme E3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Lucilia sericata
common green bottle fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hartley CJ; Newcomb RD; Russell RJ ; et al. (2006)
Amplification of DNA from preserved specimens shows blowflies were preadapted for the rapid evolutio[...]
GP00000298
LcaE7
Q25252
Physiology
Gly137Asp
Lucilia sericata
common green bottle fly - (species)
Lucilia sericata
common green bottle fly - (species) D
esterase isozyme E3
Lucilia sericata
common green bottle fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase isozyme E3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Cochliomyia hominivorax
primary screw-worm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
da Silva NM; de Carvalho RA; de Azeredo-Espin AM (2011)
Acetylcholinesterase cDNA sequencing and identification of mutations associated with organophosphate[...]
2 Additional References
GP00002584
alphaE7
A0A0G3Z837
Physiology
G137D
Cochliomyia hominivorax
primary screw-worm - (species)
Cochliomyia hominivorax
primary screw-worm - (species) D
esterase isozyme E3
Cochliomyia hominivorax
primary screw-worm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase isozyme E7 = E3
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Claudianos C; Russell RJ; Oakeshott JG (1999)
The same amino acid substitution in orthologous esterases confers organophosphate resistance on the [...]
GP00000299
LcaE7
Q25252
Physiology
Gly137Asp
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
esterase isozyme E7 = E3
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase NI-EST1
Xenobiotic resistance (organophosphorus insecticides)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Small GJ; Hemingway J (2000)
Molecular characterization of the amplified carboxylesterase gene associated with organophosphorus i[...]
GP00002638
Ces1
Q8VCC2
Physiology
Southern analysis of genomic DNA from the Sri Lankan OP-resistant and susceptible strains suggests that the Nl-EST1 esterase gene is amplified in the resistant strain
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
esterase NI-EST1
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
esterase type I
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Schizaphis graminum
greenbug - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Ono M; Swanson JJ; Field LM ; et al. (1999)
Amplification and methylation of an esterase gene associated with insecticide-resistance in greenbug[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002637
P35501
Physiology
The type I esterase is amplified 4- to 8-fold in resistant S. graminum and that the amplified sequences contain 5-methylcytosine at MspI/HpaII sites.
Schizaphis graminum
greenbug - (species)
Schizaphis graminum
greenbug - (species) D
esterase type I
Schizaphis graminum
greenbug - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
eve
Developmental time
Cis-regulatory,
Deletion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Palsson A; Wesolowska N; Reynisdóttir S ; et al. (2014)
Naturally occurring deletions of hunchback binding sites in the even-skipped stripe 3+7 enhancer.
GP00001986
eve
P06602
Physiology
72bp deletion that removes one of the hb protein-binding sites in the stripe 3+7 enhancer of eve. The deletion also removes half of a putative slp1 protein-binding site.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
eve
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FAD2A
Oil composition (oleate levels)
Coding,
SNP
N
Arachis hypogaea
peanut - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Jung S; Powell G; Moore K ; et al. (2000)
The high oleate trait in the cultivated peanut [Arachis hypogaea L]. II. Molecular basis and genetic[...]
GP00002075
FAD2A
E2GJC1
Physiology
D150N in a residue that is absolutely conserved among other desaturases N
Arachis hypogaea
peanut - (species)
Arachis hypogaea
peanut - (species) D
FAD2A
Arachis hypogaea
peanut - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FAD2B
Oil composition (oleate levels)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Arachis hypogaea
peanut - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Patel M; Jung S; Moore K ; et al. (2004)
High-oleate peanut mutants result from a MITE insertion into the FAD2 gene.
GP00002073
FAD2B
Q9LKK6
Physiology
insertion of 205-bp miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) called ahMITE1 at position 665 near the center of the coding region in the case of MF; which causes a frameshift N
Arachis hypogaea
peanut - (species)
Arachis hypogaea
peanut - (species) D
FAD2B
Arachis hypogaea
peanut - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FAD2B
Oil composition (oleate levels)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Arachis hypogaea
peanut - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Patel M; Jung S; Moore K ; et al. (2004)
High-oleate peanut mutants result from a MITE insertion into the FAD2 gene.
GP00002074
FAD2B
Q9LKK6
Physiology
insertion of 205-bp miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) called ahMITE1 at position 997 of the coding region; which causes a frameshift N
Arachis hypogaea
peanut - (species)
Arachis hypogaea
peanut - (species) D
FAD2B
Arachis hypogaea
peanut - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Fads2
Fatty acid metabolism (fatty acid desaturation)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Pungitius tymensis
Sakhalin sticlkeback - (species) D
Pungitius kaibarae
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Ishikawa A; Kabeya N; Ikeya K ; et al. (2019)
A key metabolic gene for recurrent freshwater colonization and radiation in fishes.
GP00002053
fads2
Q9DEX7
Physiology
higher number of copies of Fads2.
Pungitius pungitius
ninespine stickleback - (species)
Pungitius tymensis
Sakhalin sticlkeback - (species) D
Pungitius kaibarae
(species) D
Fads2
Pungitius tymensis
Sakhalin sticlkeback - (species)
Pungitius kaibarae
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
fatty acid synthase
Dessication tolerance
Pheromone production (mbCHC)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila birchii
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Chung H; Loehlin DW; Dufour HD ; et al. (2014)
A single gene affects both ecological divergence and mate choice in Drosophila.
GP00002063
FASN3
Q7PLB8
Physiology
Physiology
No expression of the gene in D. birchii. The coding region of the D. birchii gene is intact. Cis-regulatory region tested in reporter assays in D. melanogaster - exact causing mutation(s) unknown. RNAi against mFAS/CG17354 in D. serrata recapitylates the D. birchii phenotype.
Drosophila serrata
(species)
Drosophila birchii
(species)
fatty acid synthase
Drosophila birchii
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Fezf2
Cerebral cortex layered organization
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
Mammalia
mammals - (class) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Shim S; Kwan KY; Li M ; et al. (2012)
Cis-regulatory control of corticospinal system development and evolution.
GP00000307
Fezf2
Q9ESP5
Morphology
Acquisition of SOX binding sites in enhancer E4
Amniota
amniotes - (no rank)
Mammalia
mammals - (class) D
Fezf2
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length (length)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Drögemüller C; Rüfenacht S; Wichert B ; et al. (2007)
Mutations within the FGF5 gene are associated with hair length in cats.
1 Additional References
GP00000311
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
c.474delT resulting in frameshift N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
FGF5
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
Deletion
N
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Legrand R; Tiret L; Abitbol M (2014)
Two recessive mutations in FGF5 are associated with the long-hair phenotype in donkeys.
GP00001369
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
c.433_434delAT frameshift deletion leading to a stop codon at position 159 N
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
FGF5
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
SNP
N
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Legrand R; Tiret L; Abitbol M (2014)
Two recessive mutations in FGF5 are associated with the long-hair phenotype in donkeys.
GP00001370
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
c.245G>A p.W82* nonsense mutation leading to stop codon at position 82 N
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
FGF5
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length (length)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Drögemüller C; Rüfenacht S; Wichert B ; et al. (2007)
Mutations within the FGF5 gene are associated with hair length in cats.
1 Additional References
GP00002172
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
c.ins356T resulting in frameshift N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
FGF5
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
Deletion
N
Mesocricetus auratus
golden hamster - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Yoshizawa Y; Wada K; Shimoi G ; et al. (2015)
A 1-bp deletion in Fgf5 causes male-dominant long hair in the Syrian hamster.
GP00002173
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
c.546delG p.Arg184GlyfsX6 N
Mesocricetus auratus
golden hamster - (species)
Mesocricetus auratus
golden hamster - (species) D
FGF5
Mesocricetus auratus
golden hamster - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dierks C; Mömke S; Philipp U ; et al. (2013)
Allelic heterogeneity of FGF5 mutations causes the long-hair phenotype in dogs.
1 Additional References
GP00002174
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
g.4528639C>T c.578C>T p.A193V
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF5
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dierks C; Mömke S; Philipp U ; et al. (2013)
Allelic heterogeneity of FGF5 mutations causes the long-hair phenotype in dogs.
1 Additional References
GP00002175
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
g.8193T>A splice site
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF5
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dierks C; Mömke S; Philipp U ; et al. (2013)
Allelic heterogeneity of FGF5 mutations causes the long-hair phenotype in dogs.
1 Additional References
GP00002176
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
c.559_560dupGG p.R188Afs*73
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF5
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
Deletion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dierks C; Mömke S; Philipp U ; et al. (2013)
Allelic heterogeneity of FGF5 mutations causes the long-hair phenotype in dogs.
1 Additional References
GP00002177
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
c.556_571del16 p.A186Tfs*69
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF5
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
SNP
N
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Yu F; Liu Z; Jiao S ; et al. (2018)
A nonsense mutation in the FGF5 gene is associated with the long-haired phenotype in domestic guinea[...]
GP00002178
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
c.403C>T p.Arg135* N
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species) D
FGF5
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
Indel
N
Lama glama
llama - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Daverio MS; Vidal-Rioja L; Frank EN ; et al. (2017)
Molecular characterization of the llama FGF5 gene and identification of putative loss of function mu[...]
GP00002179
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
a single base deletion (c.348delA) + a 12-bp insertion (c.351_352insCATATAACATAG) N
Lama guanicoe
guanaco - (species)
Lama glama
llama - (species) D
FGF5
Lama glama
llama - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
SNP
N
Lama glama
llama - (species) D
Vicugna pacos
alpaca - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Daverio MS; Vidal-Rioja L; Frank EN ; et al. (2017)
Molecular characterization of the llama FGF5 gene and identification of putative loss of function mu[...]
2 Additional References
GP00002180
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
transition C>T at position 499 downstream of the ATG codon with transcriptional readthrough ; difference in post-transcriptional readthrough may underlie the different fleece types of the alpaca suri and huacaya breeds ; derived allele was introgressed from lamas to alpacas N
Lama guanicoe
guanaco - (species)
Lama glama
llama - (species) D
Vicugna pacos
alpaca - (species) D
FGF5
Lama glama
llama - (species)
Vicugna pacos
alpaca - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
Deletion
N
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hébert JM; Rosenquist T; Götz J ; et al. (1994)
FGF5 as a regulator of the hair growth cycle: evidence from targeted and spontaneous mutations.
1 Additional References
GP00002441
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
Deletion which extends at least 2kb upstream of the Fgf5 translational start site and terminates at the end of the first exon or beginning of the first intron. N
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species) D
FGF5
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
Deletion
N
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Mizuno S; Iijima S; Okano T ; et al. (2011)
Retrotransposon-mediated Fgf5(go-Utr) mutant mice with long pelage hair.
GP00002442
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
Deletion of a 9.3-kb region in the Fgf5 gene including exon 3 and its 5' and 3' flanking sequences. The genomic deletion site also shows insertion of a 498-bp early transposon element long terminal repeat. N
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species) D
FGF5
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGF5
Hair length
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Housley DJ; Venta PJ (2006)
The long and the short of it: evidence that FGF5 is a major determinant of canine 'hair'-itability.
GP00002443
Fgf5
P15656
Morphology
Presence of a duplication in a relatively non-conserved region of the gene and a missense mutation resulting in the substitution of Phe for Cys in a highly conserved region. Genotyping of 218 dogs from three breeds fixed for long hair; eight breeds fixed for short hair and five breeds in which long hair is segregating provided evidence that the missense mutation is associated with the hair-length differences among these breeds.
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
FGF5
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Fgfr1a1
Scales (loss)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Cyprinus carpio
common carp - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Rohner N; Bercsényi M; Orbán L ; et al. (2009)
Duplication of fgfr1 permits Fgf signaling to serve as a target for selection during domestication.
GP00000312
fgfr1a
Q90Z00
Morphology
deletion of 310 bp N
Cyprinus carpio
common carp - (species)
Cyprinus carpio
common carp - (species) D
Fgfr1a1
Cyprinus carpio
common carp - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Fgfr1a1
Scales (loss)
Coding,
SNP
Cyprinus carpio
common carp - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Rohner N; Bercsényi M; Orbán L ; et al. (2009)
Duplication of fgfr1 permits Fgf signaling to serve as a target for selection during domestication.
GP00000313
fgfr1a
Q90Z00
Morphology
Glu664Lys
Cyprinus carpio
common carp - (species)
Cyprinus carpio
common carp - (species) D
Fgfr1a1
Cyprinus carpio
common carp - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FGFR2
Hair thickness
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Fujimoto A; Nishida N; Kimura R ; et al. (2009)
FGFR2 is associated with hair thickness in Asian populations.
GP00000314
FGFR2
P21802
Morphology
Unknown
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
FGFR2
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
fiz
Body size
3 Mutations:
Cis-regulatory
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Glaser-Schmitt A; Parsch J (2018)
Functional characterization of adaptive variation within a cis-regulatory element influencing Drosop[...]
GP00002017
fiz
Q9VY04
Morphology
3 mutations
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
fiz
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Coloration (flowers; pubescence; seeds)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Glycine soja
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Guo Y; Qiu LJ (2013)
Allele-specific marker development and selection efficiencies for both flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase and [...]
GP00000315
CYP75B1
Q9SD85
Morphology
-1bp at +973 resulting in premature stop codon N
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Glycine soja
(species) D
Flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Glycine soja
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Coloration (flowers; pubescence; seeds)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Glycine soja
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Guo Y; Qiu LJ (2013)
Allele-specific marker development and selection efficiencies for both flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase and [...]
GP00000316
CYP75B1
Q9SD85
Morphology
-1bp at +1164 resulting in premature stop codon N
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Glycine soja
(species) D
Flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Glycine soja
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Coloration (flowers; pubescence; seeds)
Coding,
Indel
Glycine soja
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Guo Y; Qiu LJ (2013)
Allele-specific marker development and selection efficiencies for both flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase and [...]
GP00000317
CYP75B1
Q9SD85
Morphology
a single base insertion of an adenine at position 965 as well as a single base deletion of adenine at position 973 resulting in N322K and Q324T - exact causing mutation(s) unknown
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Glycine soja
(species)
Flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Glycine soja
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Coloration (flowers)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Glycine max
soybean - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Zabala G; Vodkin LO (2005)
The wp mutation of Glycine max carries a gene-fragment-rich transposon of the CACTA superfamily.
GP00000318
CYP75B1
Q9SD85
Morphology
Transposon insertion in intron 2
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Glycine max
soybean - (species) D
flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Coloration (flowers)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Zufall RA; Rausher MD (2003 Nov-Dec)
The genetic basis of a flower color polymorphism in the common morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea).
3 Additional References
GP00000319
CYP75B1
Q9SD85
Morphology
insertion of the 0.55-kb DNA transposable element Tip201 belonging to the Ac/Ds superfamily. No excision of Tip201 from the F3'H gene could be detected. Both splicing and polyadenylation patterns of the F3'H transcripts were affected by the Tip201 integration. N
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Coloration (flowers)
Unknown,
Unknown
Petunia x hybrida
(species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Brugliera F; Barri-Rewell G; Holton TA ; et al. (1999)
Isolation and characterization of a flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase cDNA clone corresponding to the Ht1 loc[...]
GP00000320
CYP75B1
Q9SD85
Morphology
Not identified
Petunia x hybrida
(species)
Petunia x hybrida
(species)
flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Petunia x hybrida
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Coloration (flowers)
Coding,
SNP
N
Ipomoea nil
Japanese morning glory - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hoshino A; Morita Y; Choi JD ; et al. (2003)
Spontaneous mutations of the flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase gene conferring reddish flowers in the three m[...]
GP00002087
CYP75B1
Q9SD85
Morphology
nonsense mutation caused by a single C to T base transition generating the stop codon TGA. N
Ipomoea nil
Japanese morning glory - (species)
Ipomoea nil
Japanese morning glory - (species) D
flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Ipomoea nil
Japanese morning glory - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Coloration (flowers)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Ipomoea tricolor
(species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hoshino A; Morita Y; Choi JD ; et al. (2003)
Spontaneous mutations of the flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase gene conferring reddish flowers in the three m[...]
GP00002088
CYP75B1
Q9SD85
Morphology
a single T insertion generating the stop codon TAG. The accumulation of the F3'H transcripts is drastically reduced by the nonsense-mediated RNA decay. N
Ipomoea tricolor
(species)
Ipomoea tricolor
(species) D
flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H)
Ipomoea tricolor
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
flavonoid 3';5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H)
Coloration (flowers; pubescence; seeds)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Glycine soja
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Guo Y; Qiu LJ (2013)
Allele-specific marker development and selection efficiencies for both flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase and [...]
GP00000322
CYP75A2
P37120
Morphology
53bp insertion at +1352 N
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Glycine soja
(species) D
flavonoid 3';5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H)
Glycine soja
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
flavonoid 3';5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H)
Coloration (flowers)
Coding,
SNP
Pisum sativum
pea - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Moreau C; Ambrose MJ; Turner L ; et al. (2012)
The B gene of pea encodes a defective flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase, and confers pink flower color.
GP00000326
CYP75A2
P37120
Morphology
G111E
Pisum sativum
pea - (species)
Pisum sativum
pea - (species)
flavonoid 3';5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H)
Pisum sativum
pea - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FLC (=Pep1)
Flowering time
Gene Amplification,
Indel
Arabis alpina
gray rockcress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Albani MC; Castaings L; Wötzel S ; et al. (2012)
PEP1 of Arabis alpina is encoded by two overlapping genes that contribute to natural genetic variati[...]
GP00000329
FLC
Q9S7Q7
Physiology
complex structural variations
Arabis alpina
gray rockcress - (species)
Arabis alpina
gray rockcress - (species)
FLC (=Pep1)
Arabis alpina
gray rockcress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FLC (Flowering Locus C)
Flowering time
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Michaels SD; He Y; Scortecci KC ; et al. (2003)
Attenuation of FLOWERING LOCUS C activity as a mechanism for the evolution of summer-annual flowerin[...]
3 Additional References
GP00000332
FLC
Q9S7Q7
Physiology
TE insertion in intron 1; a region required for normal FLC regulation. The transposable element renders FLC-Ler subject to repressive chromatin modifications mediated by short interfering RNAs generated from homologous transposable elements in the genome.
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
FLC (Flowering Locus C)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FLC (Flowering Locus C)
Flowering time
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Michaels SD; He Y; Scortecci KC ; et al. (2003)
Attenuation of FLOWERING LOCUS C activity as a mechanism for the evolution of summer-annual flowerin[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000333
FLC
Q9S7Q7
Physiology
Not identified
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
FLC (Flowering Locus C)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FLO1
Cell separation
Other,
Unknown
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Smukalla S; Caldara M; Pochet N ; et al. (2008)
FLO1 is a variable green beard gene that drives biofilm-like cooperation in budding yeast.
1 Additional References
GP00000342
FLO1
P32768
Physiology
both coding and non-coding divergence ; polyQ variation
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
FLO1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Flowering locus T (LpFT3)
Flowering time
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Lolium perenne
(species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Skøt L; Sanderson R; Thomas A ; et al. (2011)
Allelic variation in the perennial ryegrass FLOWERING LOCUS T gene is associated with changes in flo[...]
GP00000347
FT
Q9SXZ2
Physiology
unknown
Lolium perenne
(species)
Lolium perenne
(species)
Flowering locus T (LpFT3)
Lolium perenne
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FMO1
Xenobiotic resistance
Host plant specialization
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Tyria jacobaeae
cinnabar moth - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Sehlmeyer S; Wang L; Langel D ; et al. (2010)
Flavin-dependent monooxygenases as a detoxification mechanism in insects: new insights from the arct[...]
GP00000348
Fmo-1
Q9W1E9
Physiology
Physiology
Gene duplication
Lepidoptera
butterflies and moths - (order)
Tyria jacobaeae
cinnabar moth - (species)
FMO1
Tyria jacobaeae
cinnabar moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FMO2
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Mallott M; Hamm S; Troczka BJ ; et al. (2019)
A flavin-dependent monooxgenase confers resistance to chlorantraniliprole in the diamondback moth, P[...]
GP00002065
FMO2
Q99518
Physiology
a putatative transposon (233bp) insertion in the HAW promoter sequence just 140 bp upstream of the start codon of PxFMO2 which was absent in the ROTH promoter, the boundaries of all copies of this element were found to be defined by 34 bp imperfect terminal inverted repeats, increase the expression of the gene PxFMO2 downstream
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
FMO2
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
fog-2
Fertility (self-fertility; hermaphrodite spermatogenesis)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Nayak S; Goree J; Schedl T (2005)
fog-2 and the evolution of self-fertile hermaphroditism in Caenorhabditis.
GP00000349
fog-2
Q2YS43
Physiology
Gene birth by duplication of an ancestral gene ; FOG-2 binds the translational regulator GLD-1 and promotes spermatogenesis ; see also tra-2 entry and associated references
Caenorhabditis briggsae
(species)
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
fog-2
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
foraging
Food-search behavior
Unknown,
Unknown
Sesamia nonagrioides
Mediterranean corn borer - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chardonnet F; Capdevielle-Dulac C; Chouquet B ; et al. (2014)
Food searching behaviour of a Lepidoptera pest species is modulated by the foraging gene polymorphis[...]
GP00002619
for
Q03043
Behavior
Association between a coding SNP in foraging gene and foraging activity. But not clear whether the causal mutation is this one.
Sesamia nonagrioides
Mediterranean corn borer - (species)
Sesamia nonagrioides
Mediterranean corn borer - (species)
foraging
Sesamia nonagrioides
Mediterranean corn borer - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
foxo
Body size (wing)
Starvation resistance
Unknown,
Unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Betancourt NJ; Rajpurohit S; Durmaz E ; et al. (2021)
Allelic polymorphism at foxo contributes to local adaptation in Drosophila melanogaster.
1 Additional References
GP00002661
foxo
Q95V55
Morphology
Morphology; Physiology
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
foxo
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FoxP2
Gene expression change (transcriptional targets)
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Konopka G; Bomar JM; Winden K ; et al. (2009)
Human-specific transcriptional regulation of CNS development genes by FOXP2.
1 Additional References
GP00000353
FOXP2
O15409
Behavior
2 aa changes (T303N and N325S) resulting in changes of the regulated transcriptional targets in a human neuron cell line. Speculatively; these changes could be associated with language skills but these connections with null-mutant phenotypes are dubious - whether one or both mutations are required is unknown
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
FoxP2
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
Indel
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Le Corre V; Roux F; Reboud X (2002)
DNA polymorphism at the FRIGIDA gene in Arabidopsis thaliana: extensive nonsynonymous variation is c[...]
GP00000359
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
Del 2257-2355 in exon 3; deletion of 99 bp combined with an insertion of 61 bp N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
Deletion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Le Corre V; Roux F; Reboud X (2002)
DNA polymorphism at the FRIGIDA gene in Arabidopsis thaliana: extensive nonsynonymous variation is c[...]
GP00000360
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
1bp deletion at 1487 in exon 1 N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
Insertion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Le Corre V; Roux F; Reboud X (2002)
DNA polymorphism at the FRIGIDA gene in Arabidopsis thaliana: extensive nonsynonymous variation is c[...]
GP00000361
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
1bp insertion at 766 N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
Insertion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Le Corre V; Roux F; Reboud X (2002)
DNA polymorphism at the FRIGIDA gene in Arabidopsis thaliana: extensive nonsynonymous variation is c[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000362
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
Insertion 1 bp at 1454 in exon 1 N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
SNP
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Le Corre V; Roux F; Reboud X (2002)
DNA polymorphism at the FRIGIDA gene in Arabidopsis thaliana: extensive nonsynonymous variation is c[...]
GP00000363
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
Trp240* N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
SNP
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Le Corre V; Roux F; Reboud X (2002)
DNA polymorphism at the FRIGIDA gene in Arabidopsis thaliana: extensive nonsynonymous variation is c[...]
GP00000364
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
Glu361* N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
SNP
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Gazzani S; Gendall AR; Lister C ; et al. (2003)
Analysis of the molecular basis of flowering time variation in Arabidopsis accessions.
GP00000365
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
K232* in exon 1 N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
Deletion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Shindo C; Aranzana MJ; Lister C ; et al. (2005)
Role of FRIGIDA and FLOWERING LOCUS C in determining variation in flowering time of Arabidopsis.
GP00000366
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
deletion; E430* N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
Deletion
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Shindo C; Aranzana MJ; Lister C ; et al. (2005)
Role of FRIGIDA and FLOWERING LOCUS C in determining variation in flowering time of Arabidopsis.
GP00000367
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
deletion of 6 amino acids; LQLDKE422-427*
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
Deletion
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Shindo C; Aranzana MJ; Lister C ; et al. (2005)
Role of FRIGIDA and FLOWERING LOCUS C in determining variation in flowering time of Arabidopsis.
GP00000368
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
deletion aa 1-12
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
Deletion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Shindo C; Aranzana MJ; Lister C ; et al. (2005)
Role of FRIGIDA and FLOWERING LOCUS C in determining variation in flowering time of Arabidopsis.
GP00000369
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
deletion resulting in S121* N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
Deletion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Shindo C; Aranzana MJ; Lister C ; et al. (2005)
Role of FRIGIDA and FLOWERING LOCUS C in determining variation in flowering time of Arabidopsis.
GP00000370
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
deletion; AF375-6* N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
Insertion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Shindo C; Aranzana MJ; Lister C ; et al. (2005)
Role of FRIGIDA and FLOWERING LOCUS C in determining variation in flowering time of Arabidopsis.
GP00000371
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
insertion; I490* N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
Insertion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Shindo C; Aranzana MJ; Lister C ; et al. (2005)
Role of FRIGIDA and FLOWERING LOCUS C in determining variation in flowering time of Arabidopsis.
GP00000372
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
insertion; T258* N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
SNP
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Shindo C; Aranzana MJ; Lister C ; et al. (2005)
Role of FRIGIDA and FLOWERING LOCUS C in determining variation in flowering time of Arabidopsis.
GP00000373
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
Y162* N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Frigida (FRI)
Flowering time
Coding,
SNP
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Shindo C; Aranzana MJ; Lister C ; et al. (2005)
Role of FRIGIDA and FLOWERING LOCUS C in determining variation in flowering time of Arabidopsis.
GP00000374
FRI
P0DH90
Physiology
K170* N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Frigida (FRI)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FRIZZLED8
Neocortex development
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Boyd JL; Skove SL; Rouanet JP ; et al. (2015)
Human-chimpanzee differences in a FZD8 enhancer alter cell-cycle dynamics in the developing neocorte[...]
GP00001443
FZD8
Q9H461
Morphology
10 mutations fixed on the human branch in the Hs-HARE5 genomic locus resulting in enhancer activity in developing neocortex
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
FRIZZLED8
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FUT2
ABO antigen blood type
Coding,
Deletion
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kelly RJ; Rouquier S; Giorgi D ; et al. (1995)
Sequence and expression of a candidate for the human Secretor blood group alpha(1,2)fucosyltransfera[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000379
FUT2
Q10981
Physiology
9.3 kb deletion mediated by recombination between Alu sequences N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
FUT2
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FUT2
ABO antigen blood type
Coding,
Deletion
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kelly RJ; Rouquier S; Giorgi D ; et al. (1995)
Sequence and expression of a candidate for the human Secretor blood group alpha(1,2)fucosyltransfera[...]
2 Additional References
GP00000380
FUT2
Q10981
Physiology
10 kb deletion mediated by recombination between Alu sequences N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
FUT2
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FUT2
ABO antigen blood type
Coding,
SNP
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kelly RJ; Rouquier S; Giorgi D ; et al. (1995)
Sequence and expression of a candidate for the human Secretor blood group alpha(1,2)fucosyltransfera[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000381
FUT2
Q10981
Physiology
premature stop at codon 143: TGG>TGA N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
FUT2
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
FUT2
ABO antigen blood type
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kelly RJ; Rouquier S; Giorgi D ; et al. (1995)
Sequence and expression of a candidate for the human Secretor blood group alpha(1,2)fucosyltransfera[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000382
FUT2
Q10981
Physiology
Ile129Phe
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
FUT2
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GAL1
Carbohydrate metabolism (galactose)
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Hittinger CT; Carroll SB (2007)
Gene duplication and the adaptive evolution of a classic genetic switch.
GP00000385
GAL1
P09608
Physiology
Helical phasing of GAL4 elements in promoter region following duplication
Kluyveromyces lactis
(species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
GAL1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GAL1
Carbohydrate metabolism
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Roop JI; Chang KC; Brem RB (2016)
Polygenic evolution of a sugar specialization trade-off in yeast.
GP00001425
GAL1
P04385
Physiology
unknown
Saccharomyces bayanus
(species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
GAL1
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GAL10
Carbohydrate metabolism
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Roop JI; Chang KC; Brem RB (2016)
Polygenic evolution of a sugar specialization trade-off in yeast.
GP00001428
GAL10
P04397
Physiology
unknown
Saccharomyces bayanus
(species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
GAL10
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GAL3
Carbohydrate metabolism
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Roop JI; Chang KC; Brem RB (2016)
Polygenic evolution of a sugar specialization trade-off in yeast.
GP00001426
GAL3
P13045
Physiology
unknown
Saccharomyces bayanus
(species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
GAL3
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GAL4
Carbohydrate metabolism
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Roop JI; Chang KC; Brem RB (2016)
Polygenic evolution of a sugar specialization trade-off in yeast.
GP00001427
GAL4
P04386
Physiology
unknown
Saccharomyces bayanus
(species)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species) D
GAL4
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
baker's yeast - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
gastrin
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ordoñez GR; Hillier LW; Warren WC ; et al. (2008)
Loss of genes implicated in gastric function during platypus evolution.
GP00001914
GAST
P01350
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Monodelphis domestica
gray short-tailed opossum - (species)
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
gastrin
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GDF6
Limb morphology (hindlimb;skeleton)
Cis-regulatory,
Deletion
Homininae
(subfamily) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Indjeian VB; Kingman GA; Jones FC ; et al. (2016)
Evolving New Skeletal Traits by cis-Regulatory Changes in Bone Morphogenetic Proteins.
GP00000389
GDF6
Q6KF10
Morphology
Loss of a limb specific enhancer, the deletion is 5.6 kb
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homininae
(subfamily) D
GDF6
Homininae
(subfamily)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GDF9
Fertility (increased ovulation rate)
Coding,
SNP
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Silva BD; Castro EA; Souza CJ ; et al. (2011)
A new polymorphism in the Growth and Differentiation Factor 9 (GDF9) gene is associated with increas[...]
GP00000390
GDF9
O60383
Physiology
F345C
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
GDF9
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GDF9
Fertility (increased ovulation rate)
Coding,
SNP
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Souza CJ; McNeilly AS; Benavides MV ; et al. (2014)
Mutation in the protease cleavage site of GDF9 increases ovulation rate and litter size in heterozyg[...]
GP00002188
GDF9
O60383
Physiology
g.41841453C>T c.943C>T p.R315C
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
GDF9
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GH
Body size (dwarfism)
Coding,
SNP
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
McCormack BL; Chase CC; Olson TA ; et al. (2009)
A miniature condition in Brahman cattle is associated with a single nucleotide mutation within the g[...]
GP00002037
GH1
P01241
Morphology
g.48768780C>T c.593C>T p.T198M
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
GH
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GLABROUS1
Trichome (leaves)
Unknown,
Unknown
Arabidopsis
(genus)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hauser MT; Harr B; Schlötterer C (2001)
Trichome distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana and its close relative Arabidopsis lyrata: molecular a[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000398
GL1
P27900
Morphology
unknown
Arabidopsis
(genus)
Arabidopsis
(genus)
GLABROUS1
Arabidopsis
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GLABROUS1
Trichome density (leaf)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hauser MT; Harr B; Schlötterer C (2001)
Trichome distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana and its close relative Arabidopsis lyrata: molecular a[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001238
GL1
P27900
Morphology
gene loss: -4.7KB at position -948bp N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
GLABROUS1
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GLABROUS1
Trichome density (leaf)
Coding,
SNP
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hauser MT; Harr B; Schlötterer C (2001)
Trichome distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana and its close relative Arabidopsis lyrata: molecular a[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001239
GL1
P27900
Morphology
S92F
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
GLABROUS1
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GLABROUS1
Trichome density (leaf)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hauser MT; Harr B; Schlötterer C (2001)
Trichome distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana and its close relative Arabidopsis lyrata: molecular a[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001240
GL1
P27900
Morphology
+1bp at position 352 causing premature stop N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
GLABROUS1
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GLABROUS1
Trichome density (leaf)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hauser MT; Harr B; Schlötterer C (2001)
Trichome distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana and its close relative Arabidopsis lyrata: molecular a[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001241
GL1
P27900
Morphology
-1bp at position 203 causing premature stop N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
GLABROUS1
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
Pathogen resistance (malaria)
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tishkoff SA; Varkonyi R; Cahinhinan N ; et al. (2001)
Haplotype diversity and linkage disequilibrium at human G6PD: recent origin of alleles that confer m[...]
GP00000401
G6PD
P11413
Physiology
Ser188Phe C>T
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
Pathogen resistance (malaria)
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Louicharoen C; Patin E; Paul R ; et al. (2009)
Positively selected G6PD-Mahidol mutation reduces Plasmodium vivax density in Southeast Asians.
GP00000402
G6PD
P11413
Physiology
Ser163Gly
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
Pathogen resistance (malaria)
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tishkoff SA; Varkonyi R; Cahinhinan N ; et al. (2001)
Haplotype diversity and linkage disequilibrium at human G6PD: recent origin of alleles that confer m[...]
GP00000403
G6PD
P11413
Physiology
Val68Met G>A at nucleotide position 376 in exon 5 - OMIM code +305900.0002
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GLUD2 retrogene
Gene expression change (novel expression domain in testicles and brain)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Hominidae
great apes - (family) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Burki F; Kaessmann H (2004)
Birth and adaptive evolution of a hominoid gene that supports high neurotransmitter flux.
1 Additional References
GP00000405
GLUD2
P49448
Physiology
Retroduplication; + E7K enhancing mitochondrial targeting
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Hominidae
great apes - (family) D
GLUD2 retrogene
Hominidae
great apes - (family)
Published - Accepted by Curator
glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; abamectin)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Dermauw W; Ilias A; Riga M ; et al. (2012)
The cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel gene family of Tetranychus urticae: implications for acaricide[...]
GP00002601
GluClalpha
Q94900
Physiology
G326E inTu_GluCl3
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; nodulisporic acid)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kane NS; Hirschberg B; Qian S ; et al. (2000)
Drug-resistant Drosophila indicate glutamate-gated chloride channels are targets for the antiparasit[...]
GP00002602
GluClalpha
Q94900
Physiology
P299S
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; ivermectin)
Coding,
SNP
Cooperia oncophora
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Njue AI; Hayashi J; Kinne L ; et al. (2004)
Mutations in the extracellular domains of glutamate-gated chloride channel alpha3 and beta subunits [...]
GP00002603
GluClalpha
Q94900
Physiology
E114G V235A L256F in the GluCla3 ortholog and V60A R101Hin the GluClb ortholog.
Cooperia oncophora
(species)
Cooperia oncophora
(species) D
glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl)
Cooperia oncophora
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; ivermectin)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kwon DH; Yoon KS; Clark JM ; et al. (2010)
A point mutation in a glutamate-gated chloride channel confers abamectin resistance in the two-spott[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002604
GluClalpha
Q94900
Physiology
G323D in the highly conserved TM2 region of Tu_GluCl
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; abamectin)
Coding,
SNP
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang X; Wang R; Yang Y ; et al. (2016)
A point mutation in the glutamate-gated chloride channel of Plutella xylostella is associated with r[...]
GP00002634
GluClalpha
Q94900
Physiology
A309V
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpdh)
Enzymatic activity
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wilanowski TM; Gibson JB; Symonds JE (1995)
Retrotransposon insertion induces an isozyme of sn-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in Drosophila [...]
GP00001998
Gpdh
P13706
Physiology
insertion of a 8kb blood retrotransposon in the 3' region of the Gpdh gene 66bp downstream of the stop codon. This mutation induces a GPDH isozyme-GPDH-4-and alters the pattern of expression of the three normal isozymes-GPDH-1 to GPDH-3.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpdh)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GNBP1
Pathogen resistance
Unknown,
Unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Sackton TB; Lazzaro BP; Clark AG (2010)
Genotype and gene expression associations with immune function in Drosophila.
GP00000408
GNBP1
Q9NHB0
Physiology
unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
GNBP1
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GNBP2
Pathogen resistance
Unknown,
Unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Sackton TB; Lazzaro BP; Clark AG (2010)
Genotype and gene expression associations with immune function in Drosophila.
GP00000409
GNBP2
Q9VVR4
Physiology
unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
GNBP2
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GPRC6A
Cell signaling (membrane receptor activity)
Coding,
Insertion
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Jørgensen S; Have CT; Underwood CR ; et al. (2017)
Genetic Variations in the Human G Protein-coupled Receptor Class C, Group 6, Member A (GPRC6A) Contr[...]
GP00001669
GPRC6A
Q5T6X5
Physiology
insertion of KL (6 bp) resulting in sequence KGKKLY in the third intracellular loop (ICL3) with surface expression and function greatly reduced
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
GPRC6A
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GPRC6A
Cell signaling (membrane receptor activity)
Coding,
Deletion
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Jørgensen S; Have CT; Underwood CR ; et al. (2017)
Genetic Variations in the Human G Protein-coupled Receptor Class C, Group 6, Member A (GPRC6A) Contr[...]
GP00001670
GPRC6A
Q5T6X5
Physiology
KGRKLP>KGRK-Y in the third intracellular loop (ICL3) with surface expression and function greatly reduced
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
GPRC6A
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GPRC6A
Cell signaling (membrane receptor activity)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Jørgensen S; Have CT; Underwood CR ; et al. (2017)
Genetic Variations in the Human G Protein-coupled Receptor Class C, Group 6, Member A (GPRC6A) Contr[...]
GP00001671
GPRC6A
Q5T6X5
Physiology
KGRKLP>KGK--Y in the third intracellular loop (ICL3) responsible for the intracellular retention and lack of function N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
GPRC6A
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GPRC6A
Cell signaling (membrane receptor activity)
Coding,
SNP
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Jørgensen S; Have CT; Underwood CR ; et al. (2017)
Genetic Variations in the Human G Protein-coupled Receptor Class C, Group 6, Member A (GPRC6A) Contr[...]
GP00001672
GPRC6A
Q5T6X5
Physiology
C>T (aa57) located in the first exon resulting in a premature Stop-codon and non-functional protein N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
GPRC6A
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Green-sensitive opsin (RH2)
Color vision (blue shift)
Coding,
SNP
Thunnus orientalis
Pacific bluefin tuna - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Nakamura Y; Mori K; Saitoh K ; et al. (2013)
Evolutionary changes of multiple visual pigment genes in the complete genome of Pacific bluefin tuna[...]
GP00001469
opn1mw1
Q9W6A5
Physiology
p.E122Q (G>C) in four of five genes
Percomorphaceae
(no rank)
Thunnus orientalis
Pacific bluefin tuna - (species) D
Green-sensitive opsin (RH2)
Thunnus orientalis
Pacific bluefin tuna - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Green-sensitive opsin (RH2)
Color vision
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Yang J; Chen X; Bai J ; et al. (2016)
The Sinocyclocheilus cavefish genome provides insights into cave adaptation.
GP00002354
opn1mw1
Q9W6A5
Physiology
Rh2-1 coding sequence absent from the full genome sequence of the three Sinocyclocheilus species N
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species)
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
(species) D
Green-sensitive opsin (RH2)
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species)
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species)
Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Green-sensitive opsin (RH2)
Color vision
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Yang J; Chen X; Bai J ; et al. (2016)
The Sinocyclocheilus cavefish genome provides insights into cave adaptation.
GP00002355
opn1mw4
Q9W6A6
Physiology
Rh2-4 coding sequence absent from the full genome sequence of S. anshuiensis but present in the genome of Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous and S. grahami N
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species)
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Green-sensitive opsin (RH2)
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Green-sensitive opsin (RH2)
Color vision
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Yang J; Chen X; Bai J ; et al. (2016)
The Sinocyclocheilus cavefish genome provides insights into cave adaptation.
GP00002356
opn1mw2
Q8AYM8
Physiology
Rh2-2 coding sequence absent from the full genome sequence of the three Sinocyclocheilus species N
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species)
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
(species) D
Green-sensitive opsin (RH2)
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species)
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species)
Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GSS (glutathione synthetase)
Xenobiotic resistance (arsenic)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chakraborty M; Emerson JJ; Macdonald SJ ; et al. (2019)
Structural variants exhibit widespread allelic heterogeneity and shape variation in complex traits.
1 Additional References
GP00002115
Gss2
Q86B44
Physiology
tandem duplication creating the Gss1/Gss2 gene pair. Associated with increased expression of Gss1.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
GSS (glutathione synthetase)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GST
Xenobiotic resistance (pyrethroid)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Vontas JG; Small GJ; Nikou DC ; et al. (2002)
Purification, molecular cloning and heterologous expression of a glutathione S-transferase involved [...]
GP00002643
GstD1
P20432
Physiology
nlgst1-1 is overexpressed in resistant insects. Southern analysis of genomic DNA from the resistant and susceptible strains indicated that GST-based insecticide resistance may be associated with gene amplification in N. lugens.
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species) D
GST
Nilaparvata lugens
brown planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GSTe
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; DDT)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Riveron JM; Yunta C; Ibrahim SS ; et al. (2014)
A single mutation in the GSTe2 gene allows tracking of metabolically based insecticide resistance in[...]
GP00002455
GstE2
Q7JYZ9
Physiology
L119F. The resistant allele is more efficient at metabolizing DDT than the susceptible one.
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species)
GSTe
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GSTe
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; DDT)
Coding,
SNP
Spodoptera litura
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hilliou F; Chertemps T; Maïbèche M ; et al. (2021)
Resistance in the Genus Spodoptera: Key Insect Detoxification Genes.
1 Additional References
GP00002456
GstE2
Q7JYZ9
Physiology
L119F. The resistant allele is more efficient at metabolizing DDT than the susceptible one.
Spodoptera litura
(species)
Spodoptera litura
(species)
GSTe
Spodoptera litura
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GSTe
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; DDT)
Coding,
SNP
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hilliou F; Chertemps T; Maïbèche M ; et al. (2021)
Resistance in the Genus Spodoptera: Key Insect Detoxification Genes.
1 Additional References
GP00002457
GstE2
Q7JYZ9
Physiology
L119F. The resistant allele is more efficient at metabolizing DDT than the susceptible one.
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species)
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species)
GSTe
Spodoptera frugiperda
fall armyworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GSTe
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; DDT)
Coding,
SNP
Spodoptera exigua
beet armyworm - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hilliou F; Chertemps T; Maïbèche M ; et al. (2021)
Resistance in the Genus Spodoptera: Key Insect Detoxification Genes.
1 Additional References
GP00002458
GstE2
Q7JYZ9
Physiology
L119F. The resistant allele is more efficient at metabolizing DDT than the susceptible one.
Spodoptera exigua
beet armyworm - (species)
Spodoptera exigua
beet armyworm - (species)
GSTe
Spodoptera exigua
beet armyworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GSTe
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; DDT)
Coding,
SNP
Spodoptera littoralis
African cotton leafworm - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hilliou F; Chertemps T; Maïbèche M ; et al. (2021)
Resistance in the Genus Spodoptera: Key Insect Detoxification Genes.
1 Additional References
GP00002459
GstE2
Q7JYZ9
Physiology
L119F. The resistant allele is more efficient at metabolizing DDT than the susceptible one.
Spodoptera littoralis
African cotton leafworm - (species)
Spodoptera littoralis
African cotton leafworm - (species)
GSTe
Spodoptera littoralis
African cotton leafworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
GSTe
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; DDT)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hilliou F; Chertemps T; Maïbèche M ; et al. (2021)
Resistance in the Genus Spodoptera: Key Insect Detoxification Genes.
1 Additional References
GP00002460
GstE2
Q7JYZ9
Physiology
L119F. The resistant allele is more efficient at metabolizing DDT than the susceptible one.
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species)
GSTe
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ha_BtR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac toxin)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Xu X; Yu L; Wu Y (2005)
Disruption of a cadherin gene associated with resistance to Cry1Ac {delta}-endotoxin of Bacillus thu[...]
2 Additional References
GP00000427
ABCA2
A0A0S0G7V0
Physiology
10kb deletion N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Ha_BtR
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ha_BtR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac toxin)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Yang Y; Chen H; Wu S ; et al. (2006)
Identification and molecular detection of a deletion mutation responsible for a truncated cadherin o[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000428
ABCA2
A0A0S0G7V0
Physiology
Insertion of a LTR retrotransposon N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Ha_BtR
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ha_BtR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac toxin)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Yang Y; Chen H; Wu S ; et al. (2006)
Identification and molecular detection of a deletion mutation responsible for a truncated cadherin o[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000429
ABCA2
A0A0S0G7V0
Physiology
Insertion of a LTR retrotransposon N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Ha_BtR
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ha_BtR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac toxin)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhao J; Jin L; Yang Y ; et al. (2010)
Diverse cadherin mutations conferring resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac in Helicover[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000430
ABCA2
A0A0S0G7V0
Physiology
Insertion of an incomplete RNA transposon (1498bp) N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Ha_BtR
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ha_BtR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac toxin)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhao J; Jin L; Yang Y ; et al. (2010)
Diverse cadherin mutations conferring resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac in Helicover[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000431
ABCA2
A0A0S0G7V0
Physiology
Insertion of a DNA transposon N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Ha_BtR
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ha_BtR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac toxin)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhao J; Jin L; Yang Y ; et al. (2010)
Diverse cadherin mutations conferring resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac in Helicover[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000432
ABCA2
A0A0S0G7V0
Physiology
Insertion of a LTR retrotransposon N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Ha_BtR
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ha_BtR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; Bt Cry1Ac toxin)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhao J; Jin L; Yang Y ; et al. (2010)
Diverse cadherin mutations conferring resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry1Ac in Helicover[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000433
ABCA2
A0A0S0G7V0
Physiology
Insertion of a LTR retrotransposon N
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Ha_BtR
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Hd1
Flowering time
Coding,
Insertion
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Doi K; Izawa T; Fuse T ; et al. (2004)
Ehd1, a B-type response regulator in rice, confers short-day promotion of flowering and controls FT-[...]
GP00000439
HD1
Q9FDX8
Physiology
Retro-element-like inserted in exon 2 N
Oryza glaberrima
African rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Hd1
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Hd1
Flowering time
Coding,
Deletion
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Takahashi Y; Teshima KM; Yokoi S ; et al. (2009)
Variations in Hd1 proteins, Hd3a promoters, and Ehd1 expression levels contribute to diversity of fl[...]
GP00001722
HD1
Q9FDX8
Physiology
1bp deletion at position 606 ; presumptive protein truncated N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Hd1
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Hd1
Flowering time
Coding,
Deletion
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Takahashi Y; Teshima KM; Yokoi S ; et al. (2009)
Variations in Hd1 proteins, Hd3a promoters, and Ehd1 expression levels contribute to diversity of fl[...]
GP00001723
HD1
Q9FDX8
Physiology
1bp deletion at position 321 ; presumptive protein truncated N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Hd1
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Hd1
Flowering time
Coding,
Deletion
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Takahashi Y; Teshima KM; Yokoi S ; et al. (2009)
Variations in Hd1 proteins, Hd3a promoters, and Ehd1 expression levels contribute to diversity of fl[...]
GP00001724
HD1
Q9FDX8
Physiology
4bp deletion at position 1089 ; presumptive protein truncated N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Hd1
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Hd1
Flowering time
Coding,
SNP
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Takahashi Y; Teshima KM; Yokoi S ; et al. (2009)
Variations in Hd1 proteins, Hd3a promoters, and Ehd1 expression levels contribute to diversity of fl[...]
GP00001725
HD1
Q9FDX8
Physiology
C to T – stop codon N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Hd1
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
HEADING DATE 1
Flowering time (latitudinal adaptation)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
N
Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Japanese rice - (no rank) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Goretti D; Martignago D; Landini M ; et al. (2017)
Transcriptional and Post-transcriptional Mechanisms Limit Heading Date 1 (Hd1) Function to Adapt Ric[...]
GP00001674
HD1
Q9FDX8
Physiology
Hd1(EH) allele with a 4.4 kb mobile element inserted at position -166pb that suppressed gene transcription N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Japanese rice - (no rank) D
HEADING DATE 1
Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Japanese rice - (no rank)
Published - Accepted by Curator
heavy metal atpase3 (HMA3)
Metal tolerance
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Noccaea caerulescens
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Ueno D; Milner MJ; Yamaji N ; et al. (2011)
Elevated expression of TcHMA3 plays a key role in the extreme Cd tolerance in a Cd-hyperaccumulating[...]
GP00000446
HMA3
P0CW78
Physiology
Copy number Variant
Noccaea caerulescens
(species)
Noccaea caerulescens
(species)
heavy metal atpase3 (HMA3)
Noccaea caerulescens
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBA
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Lama
(genus)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Kleinschmidt T; März J; Jürgens KD ; et al. (1986)
Interaction of allosteric effectors with alpha-globin chains and high altitude respiration of mammal[...]
GP00000454
HBA1
P69905
Physiology
Asp122His
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Lama
(genus)
hemoglobin; HBA
Lama
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBA and HBB
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Crocodylus niloticus
Nile crocodile - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Komiyama NH; Miyazaki G; Tame J ; et al. (1995)
Transplanting a unique allosteric effect from crocodile into human haemoglobin.
GP00000455
HBA1
P69905
Physiology
No more than 12 amino acid substitutions required for providing crocodile-like properties in engineered human Hb - effect of single amino acid changes not tested
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Crocodylus niloticus
Nile crocodile - (species)
hemoglobin; HBA and HBB
Crocodylus niloticus
Nile crocodile - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBA-T1 and T2 paralogues
Hypoxia response
5 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Storz JF; Sabatino SJ; Hoffmann FG ; et al. (2007)
The molecular basis of high-altitude adaptation in deer mice.
2 Additional References
GP00000456
HBA1
P69905
Physiology
5 mutations
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species)
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBA-T1 and T2 paralogues
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBA2
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Anas cyanoptera
cinnamon teal - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
McCracken KG; Barger CP; Bulgarella M ; et al. (2009)
Parallel evolution in the major haemoglobin genes of eight species of Andean waterfowl.
1 Additional References
GP00000457
HBA1
P69905
Physiology
Asn9Ser
Anas cyanoptera
cinnamon teal - (species)
Anas cyanoptera
cinnamon teal - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBA2
Anas cyanoptera
cinnamon teal - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBA2
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
McCracken KG; Barger CP; Bulgarella M ; et al. (2009)
Parallel evolution in the major haemoglobin genes of eight species of Andean waterfowl.
1 Additional References
GP00000458
HBA1
P69905
Physiology
Ala77Thr
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species)
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBA2
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBA2
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Natarajan C; Projecto-Garcia J; Moriyama H ; et al. (2015)
Convergent Evolution of Hemoglobin Function in High-Altitude Andean Waterfowl Involves Limited Paral[...]
GP00000459
HBAD
P02001
Physiology
Ser130Phe
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species)
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBA2
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBA2
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Anas puna
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McCracken KG; Barger CP; Bulgarella M ; et al. (2009)
Parallel evolution in the major haemoglobin genes of eight species of Andean waterfowl.
1 Additional References
GP00000460
HBA1
P69905
Physiology
Ala77Thr
Anas versicolor
(species)
Anas puna
(species) D
hemoglobin; HBA2
Anas puna
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBA2
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Anas puna
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Natarajan C; Projecto-Garcia J; Moriyama H ; et al. (2015)
Convergent Evolution of Hemoglobin Function in High-Altitude Andean Waterfowl Involves Limited Paral[...]
GP00000461
HBAD
P02001
Physiology
Val96Ala
Anas versicolor
(species)
Anas puna
(species) D
hemoglobin; HBA2
Anas puna
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBA2
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Anser indicus
bar-headed goose - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Jessen TH; Weber RE; Fermi G ; et al. (1991)
Adaptation of bird hemoglobins to high altitudes: demonstration of molecular mechanism by protein en[...]
2 Additional References
GP00000462
HBA1
P69905
Physiology
Pro119Ala
Anser anser
domestic goose - (species)
Anser indicus
bar-headed goose - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBA2
Anser indicus
bar-headed goose - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBA2
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Lophonetta specularioides
crested duck - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
McCracken KG; Barger CP; Bulgarella M ; et al. (2009)
Parallel evolution in the major haemoglobin genes of eight species of Andean waterfowl.
1 Additional References
GP00000463
HBA1
P69905
Physiology
Ala5Thr
Lophonetta specularioides
crested duck - (species)
Lophonetta specularioides
crested duck - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBA2
Lophonetta specularioides
crested duck - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBA2
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Merganetta armata
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Natarajan C; Projecto-Garcia J; Moriyama H ; et al. (2015)
Convergent Evolution of Hemoglobin Function in High-Altitude Andean Waterfowl Involves Limited Paral[...]
GP00000464
HBA1
P69905
Physiology
Ala77Thr
Merganetta armata
(species)
Merganetta armata
(species) D
hemoglobin; HBA2
Merganetta armata
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBA2
Hypoxia response
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Chloephaga melanoptera
Andean goose - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Natarajan C; Projecto-Garcia J; Moriyama H ; et al. (2015)
Convergent Evolution of Hemoglobin Function in High-Altitude Andean Waterfowl Involves Limited Paral[...]
GP00000465
HBAD
P02001
Physiology
2 mutations
Neochen jubata
Orinoco goose - (species)
Chloephaga melanoptera
Andean goose - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBA2
Chloephaga melanoptera
Andean goose - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBB
Hypoxia response
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
McCracken KG; Barger CP; Bulgarella M ; et al. (2009)
Parallel evolution in the major haemoglobin genes of eight species of Andean waterfowl.
1 Additional References
GP00000467
HBB
P68871
Physiology
2 mutations
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species)
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBB
Anas flavirostris
Yellow-billed teal - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBB
Hypoxia response
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Anas georgica
yellow-billed pintail - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
McCracken KG; Barger CP; Bulgarella M ; et al. (2009)
Parallel evolution in the major haemoglobin genes of eight species of Andean waterfowl.
1 Additional References
GP00000468
HBB
P68871
Physiology
2 mutations
Anas georgica
yellow-billed pintail - (species)
Anas georgica
yellow-billed pintail - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBB
Anas georgica
yellow-billed pintail - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBB
Hypoxia response
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Anas puna
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McCracken KG; Barger CP; Bulgarella M ; et al. (2009)
Parallel evolution in the major haemoglobin genes of eight species of Andean waterfowl.
GP00000469
HBB
P68871
Physiology
2 mutations
Anas
ducks - (genus)
Anas puna
(species) D
hemoglobin; HBB
Anas puna
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBB
Hypoxia response
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Lophonetta specularioides
crested duck - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McCracken KG; Barger CP; Bulgarella M ; et al. (2009)
Parallel evolution in the major haemoglobin genes of eight species of Andean waterfowl.
GP00000470
HBB
P68871
Physiology
2 mutations
Anatidae
waterfowl - (family)
Lophonetta specularioides
crested duck - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBB
Lophonetta specularioides
crested duck - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBB
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Anas puna
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Natarajan C; Projecto-Garcia J; Moriyama H ; et al. (2015)
Convergent Evolution of Hemoglobin Function in High-Altitude Andean Waterfowl Involves Limited Paral[...]
GP00000471
HBB
P68871
Physiology
Asp94Glu
Anas versicolor
(species)
Anas puna
(species) D
hemoglobin; HBB
Anas puna
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBB
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Lophonetta specularioides
crested duck - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Natarajan C; Projecto-Garcia J; Moriyama H ; et al. (2015)
Convergent Evolution of Hemoglobin Function in High-Altitude Andean Waterfowl Involves Limited Paral[...]
GP00000472
HBB
P68871
Physiology
Asp94Glu
Lophonetta specularioides
crested duck - (species)
Lophonetta specularioides
crested duck - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBB
Lophonetta specularioides
crested duck - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBB
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Chloephaga melanoptera
Andean goose - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Jessen TH; Weber RE; Fermi G ; et al. (1991)
Adaptation of bird hemoglobins to high altitudes: demonstration of molecular mechanism by protein en[...]
2 Additional References
GP00000473
HBB
P68871
Physiology
Leu55Ser
Neochen jubata
Orinoco goose - (species)
Chloephaga melanoptera
Andean goose - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBB
Chloephaga melanoptera
Andean goose - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBB
Hypoxia response
Coding,
SNP
Chloephaga melanoptera
Andean goose - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Natarajan C; Projecto-Garcia J; Moriyama H ; et al. (2015)
Convergent Evolution of Hemoglobin Function in High-Altitude Andean Waterfowl Involves Limited Paral[...]
GP00000474
HBB
P68871
Physiology
Ala86Ser
Neochen jubata
Orinoco goose - (species)
Chloephaga melanoptera
Andean goose - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBB
Chloephaga melanoptera
Andean goose - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBB
Hypoxia response
3 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Chloephaga melanoptera
Andean goose - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Natarajan C; Projecto-Garcia J; Moriyama H ; et al. (2015)
Convergent Evolution of Hemoglobin Function in High-Altitude Andean Waterfowl Involves Limited Paral[...]
GP00000475
HBA1
P69905
Physiology
3 mutations
Neochen jubata
Orinoco goose - (species)
Chloephaga melanoptera
Andean goose - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBB
Chloephaga melanoptera
Andean goose - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBB-T1 and T2 paralogues
Hypoxia response
4 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Storz JF; Runck AM; Sabatino SJ ; et al. (2009)
Evolutionary and functional insights into the mechanism underlying high-altitude adaptation of deer [...]
1 Additional References
GP00000476
HBB
P68871
Physiology
4 mutations
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species)
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species) D
hemoglobin; HBB-T1 and T2 paralogues
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hemoglobin; HBB/HBD fusion gene
Temperature tolerance (cold)
3 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Mammuthus primigenius
woolly mammoth - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Campbell KL; Roberts JE; Watson LN ; et al. (2010)
Substitutions in woolly mammoth hemoglobin confer biochemical properties adaptive for cold tolerance[...]
GP00000477
HBB
P68871
Physiology
3 mutations
Elephantidae
elephants - (family)
Mammuthus primigenius
woolly mammoth - (species)
hemoglobin; HBB/HBD fusion gene
Mammuthus primigenius
woolly mammoth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
HES7
Organ size (tail; short)
Coding,
SNP
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Lyons LA; Creighton EK; Alhaddad H ; et al. (2016)
Whole genome sequencing in cats, identifies new models for blindness in AIPL1 and somite segmentatio[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002190
HES7
Q9BYE0
Morphology
g.2819475A>G c.5A>G p.V2A
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
HES7
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
HLA-DQA1
Histocompatibility
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Papio
baboons - (genus)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Loisel DA; Rockman MV; Wray GA ; et al. (2006)
Ancient polymorphism and functional variation in the primate MHC-DQA1 5' cis-regulatory region.
GP00000478
HLA-DQA1
P01909
Physiology
Promoter variation
Papio
baboons - (genus)
Papio
baboons - (genus)
HLA-DQA1
Papio
baboons - (genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
HM1 = HC toxin reductase (HCTR)
Pathogen resistance
Unknown,
Unknown
Zea mays
(species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Multani DS; Meeley RB; Paterson AH ; et al. (1998)
Plant-pathogen microevolution: molecular basis for the origin of a fungal disease in maize.
GP00000480
hm1
O49163
Physiology
Not identified
Zea mays
(species)
Zea mays
(species)
HM1 = HC toxin reductase (HCTR)
Zea mays
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
HM2 = HC toxin reductase (HCTR)
Pathogen resistance
Coding,
Deletion
N
Zea mays
(species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Chintamanani S; Multani DS; Ruess H ; et al. (2008)
Distinct mechanisms govern the dosage-dependent and developmentally regulated resistance conferred b[...]
GP00000482
hm2
B8QWA3
Physiology
deletion from exon 2 (nucleotide 420) to beyond the confines of the hm2 gene into an unknown genomic region. N
Zea mays
(species)
Zea mays
(species) D
HM2 = HC toxin reductase (HCTR)
Zea mays
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
HM2 = HC toxin reductase (HCTR)
Pathogen resistance
Coding,
Insertion
N
Zea mays
(species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Chintamanani S; Multani DS; Ruess H ; et al. (2008)
Distinct mechanisms govern the dosage-dependent and developmentally regulated resistance conferred b[...]
GP00000483
hm2
B8QWA3
Physiology
8-bp insertion in exon 1 that disrupt the reading frame and introduces a stop codon shortly after the beginning of the gene N
Zea mays
(species)
Zea mays
(species) D
HM2 = HC toxin reductase (HCTR)
Zea mays
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Hox gene cluster
Body plan (number of segments)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Hypsibius dujardini
(species) D
Paramacrobiotus richtersi
(species) D
Milnesium tardigradum
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Smith FW; Boothby TC; Giovannini I ; et al. (2016)
The Compact Body Plan of Tardigrades Evolved by the Loss of a Large Body Region.
GP00001946
Antp
P02833
Morphology
The three genes Antp Ubx AbdA are missing in the genome sequences of the three tardigrades. This loss is ancient so difficult to evaluate whether the three genes were lost due to a single mutational event or due to successive mutations. The Hox cluster is disorganized in the H. dujardini genome. N
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Hypsibius dujardini
(species) D
Paramacrobiotus richtersi
(species) D
Milnesium tardigradum
(species) D
Hox gene cluster
Hypsibius dujardini
(species)
Paramacrobiotus richtersi
(species)
Milnesium tardigradum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hsp70Ba
Temperature tolerance
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lerman DN; Michalak P; Helin AB ; et al. (2003)
Modification of heat-shock gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster populations via transposable e[...]
GP00002004
Hsp70Ba
Q8INI8
Physiology
A 1447 bp fragment corresponding to the 39 end of a jockey element is inserted 107 bps upstream of the hsp70Ba transcription start site in the T strain. The insertion intervenes between HSEs 2 and 3; displacing HSEs 3 and 4 as well as three GAGA elements.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
hsp70Ba
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hsp70Ba
Temperature tolerance
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lerman DN; Michalak P; Helin AB ; et al. (2003)
Modification of heat-shock gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster populations via transposable e[...]
GP00002005
Hsp70Ba
Q8INI8
Physiology
Insertion of a 1222bp non-autonomous P-element at position -184 relative to the Hsp70Ba transcription start site. The P-element intervenes between the second and third heat shock response elements (HSEs).
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
hsp70Ba
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
hsp70Ba
Temperature tolerance
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lerman DN; Michalak P; Helin AB ; et al. (2003)
Modification of heat-shock gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster populations via transposable e[...]
GP00002006
Hsp70Ba
Q8INI8
Physiology
A non-autonomous 1383bp P-element is inserted 97bp upstream of the Hsp70Ba transcription start site. The P-element intervenes between the second and third heat shock response elements (HSEs).
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
hsp70Ba
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
HSP90
Developmental time
Unknown,
Insertion
Locusta migratoria
migratory locust - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chen B; Zhang B; Xu L ; et al. (2017)
Transposable Element-Mediated Balancing Selection at Hsp90 Underlies Embryo Developmental Variation.
GP00002437
daf-21
Q18688
Physiology
an Lm1 SINE insertion in the third exon of the Hsp90 gene produces an alternative splicing form associated with faster development and higher developmental synchrony. Found by scanning Lm1 insertions in natural locust populations.
Locusta migratoria
migratory locust - (species)
Locusta migratoria
migratory locust - (species) D
HSP90
Locusta migratoria
migratory locust - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Immune deficiency
Pathogen resistance
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lazzaro BP; Sceurman BK; Clark AG (2004)
Genetic basis of natural variation in D. melanogaster antibacterial immunity.
GP00000499
imd
Q9NHG0
Physiology
unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Immune deficiency
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
InR
Fertility
Developmental time
Body size
Stress response
Lifespan
Coding,
Indel
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Paaby AB; Bergland AO; Behrman EL ; et al. (2014)
A highly pleiotropic amino acid polymorphism in the Drosophila insulin receptor contributes to life-[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002663
InR
P09208
Morphology
Morphology; Physiology
Physiology
Physiology
Physiology
Deletion of 9 nucleotides in the first exon. The two alleles differ by presence/absence of the three amino acids QHH.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
InR
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R)
Body size (weight)
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Rimbault M; Beale HC; Schoenebeck JJ ; et al. (2013)
Derived variants at six genes explain nearly half of size reduction in dog breeds.
GP00001479
IGF1R
P08069
Morphology
G>A p.R204H in exon 2
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
interleukin-4
Immune response
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Rockman MV; Hahn MW; Soranzo N ; et al. (2003)
Positive selection on a human-specific transcription factor binding site regulating IL4 expression.
GP00000504
IL4R
P24394
Physiology
1bp substitution in promoter
Primates
(order)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
interleukin-4
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ir75a
Olfaction
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila sechellia
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Prieto-Godino LL; Rytz R; Bargeton B ; et al. (2016)
Olfactory receptor pseudo-pseudogenes.
GP00001701
Ir75a
Q9VVL1
Physiology
T289S and/or Q536K and/or F538L - introduction of these three amino acid changes in the D. melanogaster protein is sufficient to confer response indistinguishable from the one of D. sechellia
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila sechellia
(species) D
Ir75a
Drosophila sechellia
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ir75b
Olfaction
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila sechellia
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Prieto-Godino LL; Rytz R; Cruchet S ; et al. (2017)
Evolution of Acid-Sensing Olfactory Circuits in Drosophilids.
GP00001702
Ir75b
B7Z069
Physiology
T523S in the LBD domain - caused by C1568G
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila sechellia
(species) D
Ir75b
Drosophila sechellia
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP) (IDH)
Temperature tolerance (temperature range)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Mytilus trossulus
common blue mussel - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Lockwood BL; Somero GN (2012)
Functional determinants of temperature adaptation in enzymes of cold- versus warm-adapted mussels (G[...]
GP00000506
I1VYX2
Physiology
2 mutations
Mytilus galloprovincialis
Mediterranean mussel - (species)
Mytilus trossulus
common blue mussel - (species)
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP) (IDH)
Mytilus trossulus
common blue mussel - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
KAI2 paralogs
Seed dormancy (strigolactone responsiveness)
Coding,
Unknown
Orobancheae
(tribe) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Conn CE; Bythell-Douglas R; Neumann D ; et al. (2015)
PLANT EVOLUTION. Convergent evolution of strigolactone perception enabled host detection in parasiti[...]
GP00000509
D14
Q10QA5
Physiology
Ligand-binding pocket tuning in duplicated gene
Orobanchaceae
(family)
Orobancheae
(tribe) D
KAI2 paralogs
Orobancheae
(tribe)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kcnj13
Coloration
Unknown,
Unknown
Danio aesculapii
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Podobnik M; Frohnhöfer HG; Dooley CM ; et al. (2020)
Evolution of the potassium channel gene Kcnj13 underlies colour pattern diversification in Danio fis[...]
GP00002364
Kcnj13
P86046
Morphology
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species)
Danio aesculapii
(species) D
Kcnj13
Danio aesculapii
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
kelch 13 (K13)
Xenobiotic resistance (artemisinin)
Coding,
SNP
Plasmodium falciparum
malaria parasite P. falciparum - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Straimer J; Gnädig NF; Witkowski B ; et al. (2015)
Drug resistance. K13-propeller mutations confer artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum clin[...]
GP00001388
PF13_0238
A0A077LQB4
Physiology
M476I
Plasmodium falciparum
malaria parasite P. falciparum - (species)
Plasmodium falciparum
malaria parasite P. falciparum - (species) D
kelch 13 (K13)
Plasmodium falciparum
malaria parasite P. falciparum - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit
Coloration (coat ; white-spotting)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Wong AK; Ruhe AL; Robertson KR ; et al. (2013)
A de novo mutation in KIT causes white spotting in a subpopulation of German Shepherd dogs.
GP00002228
Kit
P05532
Morphology
a 1-bp insertion of an adenine 70 bases downstream of the beginning of exon 2 resulting in frameshift N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Kit
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Rubin CJ; Megens HJ; Martinez Barrio A ; et al. (2012)
Strong signatures of selection in the domestic pig genome.
1 Additional References
GP00001326
Kit
P05532
Morphology
4.3kb duplication (DUP2) located about 100 kb upstream of KIT
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (skin; coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Rieder S; Leeb T (2015)
Two variants in the KIT gene as candidate causative mutations for a dominant white and a white spott[...]
GP00001340
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.662A>C p.Tyr221Ser
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (skin; coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Rieder S; Leeb T (2015)
Two variants in the KIT gene as candidate causative mutations for a dominant white and a white spott[...]
GP00001341
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.1978+2T>A in splice donor site
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Brooks SA; Tozaki T ; et al. (2009)
Seven novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.
GP00001344
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.1789G>A p.G597R
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Brenig B; Beck J; Floren C ; et al. (2013)
Molecular genetics of coat colour variations in White Galloway and White Park cattle.
GP00001345
Kit
P05532
Morphology
duplication and aberrant insertion on chromosome 29
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Other,
SNP
Vulpes lagopus
Arctic fox - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Yan SQ; Hou JN; Bai CY ; et al. (2014)
A base substitution in the donor site of intron 12 of KIT gene is responsible for the dominant white[...]
GP00002192
Kit
P05532
Morphology
dominant white coat colour of blue fox results from an exon 12 skipping caused by a c.1867+1G>T substitution in the first nucleotide of intron 12 of the KIT gene
Vulpes lagopus
Arctic fox - (species)
Vulpes lagopus
Arctic fox - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Vulpes lagopus
Arctic fox - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Rubin CJ; Megens HJ; Martinez Barrio A ; et al. (2012)
Strong signatures of selection in the domestic pig genome.
1 Additional References
GP00002196
Kit
P05532
Morphology
the patch allele comprises a 450kb duplication that includes KIT (roughly in the middle)
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Küttel L; Letko A; Häfliger IM ; et al. (2019)
A complex structural variant at the KIT locus in cattle with the Pinzgauer spotting pattern.
1 Additional References
GP00002197
Kit
P05532
Morphology
Complex chromosomal rearragements including a ~310-kb duplication
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Brooks SA; Schlumbaum A ; et al. (2007)
Allelic heterogeneity at the equine KIT locus in dominant white (W) horses.
GP00002198
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.706A>T p.K236* N
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Brooks SA; Schlumbaum A ; et al. (2007)
Allelic heterogeneity at the equine KIT locus in dominant white (W) horses.
GP00002199
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.1805C>T p.A602V
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Brooks SA; Schlumbaum A ; et al. (2007)
Allelic heterogeneity at the equine KIT locus in dominant white (W) horses.
GP00002200
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.1960G>A p.G654R
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Brooks SA; Tozaki T ; et al. (2009)
Seven novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002201
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.2222-1G>A (putative splicing site)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Brooks SA; Tozaki T ; et al. (2009)
Seven novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002202
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.1126_1129delGAAC p.E376FfsX3 N
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Brooks SA; Tozaki T ; et al. (2009)
Seven novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002203
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.2684+1G>A (putative splicing site)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Brooks SA; Tozaki T ; et al. (2009)
Seven novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002204
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.338-1G>C (putative splicing site)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Brooks SA; Tozaki T ; et al. (2009)
Seven novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002205
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.2193delG p.T732QfsX9 N
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Brooks SA; Tozaki T ; et al. (2009)
Seven novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002206
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.856G>A p.G286R
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Rieder S; Tozaki T ; et al. (2011)
Five novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002207
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.1597T>C p.C533R
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Rieder S; Tozaki T ; et al. (2011)
Five novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002208
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.2021T>C p.L674P
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Rieder S; Tozaki T ; et al. (2011)
Five novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002209
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.2001A>T p.E667D
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Rieder S; Tozaki T ; et al. (2011)
Five novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002210
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.2472+5G>C (putative splicing mutation)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Rieder S; Tozaki T ; et al. (2011)
Five novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002211
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.2489A>T p.K830I
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Rieder S; Tozaki T ; et al. (2011)
Five novel KIT mutations in horses with white coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002212
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.2392_2445del p.H798_N815del N
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hauswirth R; Jude R; Haase B ; et al. (2013)
Novel variants in the KIT and PAX3 genes in horses with white-spotted coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002213
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.2045G>A p.R682H
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hauswirth R; Jude R; Haase B ; et al. (2013)
Novel variants in the KIT and PAX3 genes in horses with white-spotted coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002214
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.1322A>G p.Y441C
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hauswirth R; Jude R; Haase B ; et al. (2013)
Novel variants in the KIT and PAX3 genes in horses with white-spotted coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002215
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.1346 + 1G>A (putative splicing mutation)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Haase B; Jagannathan V; Rieder S ; et al. (2015)
A novel KIT variant in an Icelandic horse with white-spotted coat colour.
GP00002216
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.2369delC p.Ala790Glufs*20 N
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Holl HM; Brooks SA; Carpenter ML ; et al. (2017)
A novel splice mutation within equine KIT and the W15 allele in the homozygous state lead to all whi[...]
GP00002217
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.756+1G>C (putative splicing mutation)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Deletion
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Capomaccio S; Milanesi M; Nocelli C ; et al. (2017)
Splicing site disruption in the KIT gene as strong candidate for white dominant phenotype in an Ital[...]
GP00002218
Kit
P05532
Morphology
g.77736559C>T (putative splicing mutation)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dürig N; Jude R; Holl H ; et al. (2017)
Whole genome sequencing reveals a novel deletion variant in the KIT gene in horses with white spotte[...]
GP00002219
Kit
P05532
Morphology
g.77;740;239_77;742;136del1898insTATAT ~1.9-kb deletion N
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hoban R; Castle K; Hamilton N ; et al. (2018)
Novel KIT variants for dominant white in the Australian horse population.
GP00002220
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.1473T>G p.Cys491Trp
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hoban R; Castle K; Hamilton N ; et al. (2018)
Novel KIT variants for dominant white in the Australian horse population.
GP00002221
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.2536delA p.Ser846Valfs*15
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hoban R; Castle K; Hamilton N ; et al. (2018)
Novel KIT variants for dominant white in the Australian horse population.
GP00002222
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.668T>C p.Leu223Pro
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hug P; Jude R; Henkel J ; et al. (2019)
A novel KIT deletion variant in a German Riding Pony with white-spotting coat colour phenotype.
GP00002223
Kit
P05532
Morphology
g.79;579;925-79;581;197del 1273bp deletion N
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Coloration (coat ; white-spotting)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Camelus dromedarius
Arabian camel - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Holl H; Isaza R; Mohamoud Y ; et al. (2017)
A Frameshift Mutation in KIT is Associated with White Spotting in the Arabian Camel.
GP00002229
Kit
P05532
Morphology
c.1842delG p.M614IfsX5 N
Camelus dromedarius
Arabian camel - (species)
Camelus dromedarius
Arabian camel - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase)
Camelus dromedarius
Arabian camel - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) [pseudoreplicate with two Bos taurus KIT entries]
Coloration (coat)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Zhang MQ; Xu X; Luo SJ (2014)
The genetics of brown coat color and white spotting in domestic yaks (Bos grunniens).
GP00001342
Kit
P05532
Morphology
serial translocations Cs6 and Cs29
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) [pseudoreplicate with two Bos taurus KIT entries]
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) [pseudoreplicate with two Bos taurus KIT entries]
Coloration (coat)
Unknown,
Complex Change
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Zhang MQ; Xu X; Luo SJ (2014)
The genetics of brown coat color and white spotting in domestic yaks (Bos grunniens).
GP00001343
Kit
P05532
Morphology
haplotype Swf (indels and SNP)
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
Kit (type III receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) [pseudoreplicate with two Bos taurus KIT entries]
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
KRT71
Hair type (curly and hairless)
2 Mutations:
Coding
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Gandolfi B; Outerbridge CA; Beresford LG ; et al. (2010)
The naked truth: Sphynx and Devon Rex cat breed mutations in KRT71.
GP00000525
Krt71
Q9R0H5
Morphology
2 mutations
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
KRT71
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
KRT71
Hair type (curly)
Coding,
Indel
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Bauer A; Hadji Rasouliha S; Brunner MT ; et al. (2019)
A second KRT71 allele in curly coated dogs.
1 Additional References
GP00002231
Krt71
Q9R0H5
Morphology
c.1266_1273delinsACA p.Ser422ArgfsTer?
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
KRT71
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
KRT71
Hair type (curly)
Coding,
SNP
N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Gandolfi B; Alhaddad H; Joslin SE ; et al. (2013)
A splice variant in KRT71 is associated with curly coat phenotype of Selkirk Rex cats.
GP00002232
Krt71
Q9R0H5
Morphology
c.445-1G>C in splice site likely disrupts the highly conserved acceptor splicing site of intron one. Sequence of the complete RNA transcript revealed that an alternative downstream acceptor was employed N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
KRT71
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
lanosterol c14 demethylase
Cholesterol metabolism (cholesterol biosynthesis)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Vinci G; Xia X; Veitia RA (2008)
Preservation of genes involved in sterol metabolism in cholesterol auxotrophs: facts and hypotheses.
GP00001951
CYP51A1
Q16850
Physiology
gene absent in the genome N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
lanosterol c14 demethylase
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
lanosterol c14 demethylase
Cholesterol metabolism (cholesterol biosynthesis)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Vinci G; Xia X; Veitia RA (2008)
Preservation of genes involved in sterol metabolism in cholesterol auxotrophs: facts and hypotheses.
GP00001952
CYP51A1
Q16850
Physiology
gene absent in the genome N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
lanosterol c14 demethylase
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
lanosterol synthase
Cholesterol metabolism (cholesterol biosynthesis)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Kurzchalia TV; Ward S (2003)
Why do worms need cholesterol?
1 Additional References
GP00001949
LSS
P48449
Physiology
gene absent in the genome N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
lanosterol synthase
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
lanosterol synthase
Cholesterol metabolism (cholesterol biosynthesis)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Kurzchalia TV; Ward S (2003)
Why do worms need cholesterol?
1 Additional References
GP00001950
LSS
P48449
Physiology
gene absent in the genome N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
lanosterol synthase
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
lin-48
Excretory duct position
4 Mutations:
Cis-regulatory
Unknown
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang X; Chamberlin HM (2002)
Multiple regulatory changes contribute to the evolution of the Caenorhabditis lin-48 ovo gene.
1 Additional References
GP00000544
lin-48
G5EDU6
Morphology
4 mutations
Caenorhabditis briggsae
(species)
Caenorhabditis remanei
(species)
Caenorhabditis japonica
(species)
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
lin-48
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
luciferase
Bioluminescence spectrum
Coding,
SNP
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Wood KV; Lam YA; Seliger HH ; et al. (1989)
Complementary DNA coding click beetle luciferases can elicit bioluminescence of different colors.
GP00000552
P08659
Physiology
several nucleotide substitutions leading to several amino acid changes -exact amino acid changes unknown
Photinus pyralis
common eastern firefly - (species)
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
luciferase
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
luciferase
Bioluminescence spectrum
Coding,
SNP
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Stolz U; Velez S; Wood KV ; et al. (2003)
Darwinian natural selection for orange bioluminescent color in a Jamaican click beetle.
2 Additional References
GP00000553
P08659
Physiology
T739G and C740G in exon 4; leading to one amino acid change - colour difference between the yellow- and orange-emitting luciferases is due entirely to S247G
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
luciferase
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
luciferase
Bioluminescence spectrum
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Stolz U; Velez S; Wood KV ; et al. (2003)
Darwinian natural selection for orange bioluminescent color in a Jamaican click beetle.
2 Additional References
GP00000554
P08659
Physiology
2 mutations
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
luciferase
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
luciferase
Bioluminescence spectrum
Coding,
SNP
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Stolz U; Velez S; Wood KV ; et al. (2003)
Darwinian natural selection for orange bioluminescent color in a Jamaican click beetle.
2 Additional References
GP00001758
P08659
Physiology
exact causing amino acid change(s) unknown
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
luciferase
Pyrophorus plagiophthalamus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
lysozyme
Digestion (anaerobic enzymatic activity)
5 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Opisthocomus hoazin
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Kornegay JR; Schilling JW; Wilson AC (1994)
Molecular adaptation of a leaf-eating bird: stomach lysozyme of the hoatzin.
GP00000556
LYZ1
P04421
Physiology
5 mutations
Aves
birds - (class)
Opisthocomus hoazin
(species) D
lysozyme
Opisthocomus hoazin
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
lysozyme
Digestion (anaerobic enzymatic activity)
5 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Stewart CB; Schilling JW; Wilson AC (1987 Nov 26-Dec 2)
Adaptive evolution in the stomach lysozymes of foregut fermenters.
1 Additional References
GP00000557
LYZ1
P04421
Physiology
5 mutations
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
lysozyme
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
lysozyme
Digestion (anaerobic enzymatic activity)
5 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Colobinae
(subfamily)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Stewart CB; Schilling JW; Wilson AC (1987 Nov 26-Dec 2)
Adaptive evolution in the stomach lysozymes of foregut fermenters.
3 Additional References
GP00000558
LYZ1
P04421
Physiology
5 mutations
Primates
(order)
Colobinae
(subfamily)
lysozyme
Colobinae
(subfamily)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MATE1/ZmMATE1
Metal tolerance
Unknown,
Unknown
Zea mays
(species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Maron LG; Piñeros MA; Guimarães CT ; et al. (2010)
Two functionally distinct members of the MATE (multi-drug and toxic compound extrusion) family of tr[...]
GP00000566
Physiology
unknown
Zea mays
(species)
Zea mays
(species)
MATE1/ZmMATE1
Zea mays
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Vulpes lagopus
Arctic fox - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Våge DI; Fuglei E; Snipstad K ; et al. (2005)
Two cysteine substitutions in the MC1R generate the blue variant of the Arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) [...]
1 Additional References
GP00000569
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
2 mutations
Vulpes vulpes
red fox - (species)
Vulpes lagopus
Arctic fox - (species)
MC1R
Vulpes lagopus
Arctic fox - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Klungland H; Våge DI; Gomez-Raya L ; et al. (1995)
The role of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) receptor in bovine coat color determination.
1 Additional References
GP00000571
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
1 bp deletion at 104: frameshift and premature stop at amino acid 156 N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
MC1R
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Klungland H; Våge DI; Gomez-Raya L ; et al. (1995)
The role of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) receptor in bovine coat color determination.
GP00000572
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
L99P ; presumably constitutively active - g.14757910T>C c.296T>C p.L99P
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
MC1R
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Newton JM; Wilkie AL; He L ; et al. (2000)
Melanocortin 1 receptor variation in the domestic dog.
1 Additional References
GP00000573
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
R306ter; deletes 12 of 17 a.a. from C-terminus
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
MC1R
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Schmutz SM; Berryere TG; Ellinwood NM ; et al. (2003 Jan-Feb)
MC1R studies in dogs with melanistic mask or brindle patterns.
GP00000574
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
M264V
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
MC1R
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Cone RD; Lu D; Koppula S ; et al. (1996)
The melanocortin receptors: agonists, antagonists, and the hormonal control of pigmentation.
GP00000575
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
Deletion of part or all of gene N
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species) D
MC1R
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Nachman MW; Hoekstra HE; D'Agostino SL (2003)
The genetic basis of adaptive melanism in pocket mice.
GP00000576
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
R18C
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species)
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species) D
MC1R
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Nachman MW; Hoekstra HE; D'Agostino SL (2003)
The genetic basis of adaptive melanism in pocket mice.
GP00000577
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
R109W
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species)
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species) D
MC1R
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Nachman MW; Hoekstra HE; D'Agostino SL (2003)
The genetic basis of adaptive melanism in pocket mice.
GP00000578
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
R160W
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species)
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species) D
MC1R
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Nachman MW; Hoekstra HE; D'Agostino SL (2003)
The genetic basis of adaptive melanism in pocket mice.
GP00000579
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
Q233H
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species)
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species) D
MC1R
Chaetodipus intermedius
rock pocket mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Marklund L; Moller MJ; Sandberg K ; et al. (1996)
A missense mutation in the gene for melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (MC1R) is associated wit[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000580
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
S83F
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
MC1R
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Puma yagouaroundi
jaguarundi - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Eizirik E; Yuhki N; Johnson WE ; et al. (2003)
Molecular genetics and evolution of melanism in the cat family.
GP00000581
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
Deletion of aa 95-102
Puma yagouaroundi
jaguarundi - (species)
Puma yagouaroundi
jaguarundi - (species) D
MC1R
Puma yagouaroundi
jaguarundi - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Robbins LS; Nadeau JH; Johnson KR ; et al. (1993)
Pigmentation phenotypes of variant extension locus alleles result from point mutations that alter MS[...]
GP00000582
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
1bp deletion at 183; frameshift & premature stop N
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species) D
MC1R
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Mus poschiavinus
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Robbins LS; Nadeau JH; Johnson KR ; et al. (1993)
Pigmentation phenotypes of variant extension locus alleles result from point mutations that alter MS[...]
GP00000583
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
S69L
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Mus poschiavinus
(species)
MC1R
Mus poschiavinus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Robbins LS; Nadeau JH; Johnson KR ; et al. (1993)
Pigmentation phenotypes of variant extension locus alleles result from point mutations that alter MS[...]
GP00000584
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
E92K
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
MC1R
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Robbins LS; Nadeau JH; Johnson KR ; et al. (1993)
Pigmentation phenotypes of variant extension locus alleles result from point mutations that alter MS[...]
GP00000585
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
L98P
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
MC1R
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wada A; Kunieda T; Nishimura M ; et al. (2005 Mar-Apr)
A nucleotide substitution responsible for the tawny coat color mutation carried by the MSKR inbred s[...]
GP00000586
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
W252C
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
MC1R
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
Deletion
Numida meleagris
helmeted guineafowl - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Vidal O; Araguas RM; Fernández E ; et al. (2010)
Melanism in guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) is associated with a deletion of Phenylalanine-256 in the[...]
GP00000587
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
Phe256del
Numida meleagris
helmeted guineafowl - (species)
Numida meleagris
helmeted guineafowl - (species) D
MC1R
Numida meleagris
helmeted guineafowl - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Fontanesi L; Tazzoli M; Beretti F ; et al. (2006)
Mutations in the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene are associated with coat colours in the domesti[...]
GP00000588
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
6bp in-frame del of 94-95
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
MC1R
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Fontanesi L; Tazzoli M; Beretti F ; et al. (2006)
Mutations in the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene are associated with coat colours in the domesti[...]
GP00000589
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
30bp in-frame del of 102-111
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
MC1R
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Fontanesi L; Scotti E; Colombo M ; et al. (2010)
A composite six bp in-frame deletion in the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene is associated with t[...]
GP00000590
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
6bp in frame deletion c.[124G>A;125_130del6] + L44T (homozygous state in Japanese, Rhinelander and Dutch tricolour rabbits )
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
MC1R
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Våge DI; Klungland H; Lu D ; et al. (1999)
Molecular and pharmacological characterization of dominant black coat color in sheep.
1 Additional References
GP00000591
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
D121N
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
MC1R
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Våge DI; Klungland H; Lu D ; et al. (1999)
Molecular and pharmacological characterization of dominant black coat color in sheep.
1 Additional References
GP00000592
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
M73K
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
MC1R
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Panthera onca
jaguar - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Eizirik E; Yuhki N; Johnson WE ; et al. (2003)
Molecular genetics and evolution of melanism in the cat family.
GP00000593
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
Deletion of aa 101-105 and L106T
Panthera onca
jaguar - (species)
Panthera onca
jaguar - (species) D
MC1R
Panthera onca
jaguar - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Rattus rattus
black rat - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Kambe Y; Tanikawa T; Matsumoto Y ; et al. (2011)
Origin of agouti-melanistic polymorphism in Wild Black Rats (Rattus rattus) inferred from Mc1r gene [...]
GP00000595
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
Glu93Lys
Rattus tanezumi
Oriental house rat - (species)
Rattus rattus
black rat - (species)
MC1R
Rattus rattus
black rat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species) D
Sciurus niger
fox squirrel - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
McRobie H; Thomas A; Kelly J (2009 Nov-Dec)
The genetic basis of melanism in the gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis).
1 Additional References
GP00000596
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
Deletion of 8 a.a.
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species)
Sciurus niger
fox squirrel - (species)
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species) D
Sciurus niger
fox squirrel - (species) D
MC1R
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species)
Sciurus niger
fox squirrel - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Ursus americanus
American black bear - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Ritland K; Newton C; Marshall HD (2001)
Inheritance and population structure of the white-phased "Kermode" black bear.
GP00000597
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
Y298C
Ursus americanus
American black bear - (species)
Ursus americanus
American black bear - (species)
MC1R
Ursus americanus
American black bear - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Vulpes vulpes
red fox - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Våge DI; Lu D; Klungland H ; et al. (1997)
A non-epistatic interaction of agouti and extension in the fox, Vulpes vulpes.
1 Additional References
GP00000598
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
C125R; constitutively active receptor
Vulpes vulpes
red fox - (species)
Vulpes vulpes
red fox - (species)
MC1R
Vulpes vulpes
red fox - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Anser caerulescens
snow goose - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Mundy NI; Badcock NS; Hart T ; et al. (2004)
Conserved genetic basis of a quantitative plumage trait involved in mate choice.
GP00000599
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
V85M
Anser caerulescens
snow goose - (species)
Anser caerulescens
snow goose - (species)
MC1R
Anser caerulescens
snow goose - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Coereba flaveola
Bananaquit - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Theron E; Hawkins K; Bermingham E ; et al. (2001)
The molecular basis of an avian plumage polymorphism in the wild: a melanocortin-1-receptor point mu[...]
GP00000600
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
E92K
Coereba flaveola
Bananaquit - (species)
Coereba flaveola
Bananaquit - (species) D
MC1R
Coereba flaveola
Bananaquit - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Guernsey MW; Ritscher L; Miller MA ; et al. (2013)
A Val85Met mutation in melanocortin-1 receptor is associated with reductions in eumelanic pigmentati[...]
GP00000601
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
Val85Met (G253A)
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species)
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species)
MC1R
Columba livia
rock pigeon - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
Deletion
Falco eleonorae
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Gangoso L; Grande JM; Ducrest AL ; et al. (2011)
MC1R-dependent, melanin-based colour polymorphism is associated with cell-mediated response in the E[...]
GP00000603
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
Deletion of 3 a.a.
Falco eleonorae
(species)
Falco eleonorae
(species) D
MC1R
Falco eleonorae
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Falco rusticolus
gyrfalcon - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Johnson JA; Ambers AD; Burnham KK (2012 May-Jun)
Genetics of plumage color in the Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus): analysis of the melanocortin-1 recept[...]
GP00000604
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
Val128Ile
Falco rusticolus
gyrfalcon - (species)
Falco rusticolus
gyrfalcon - (species)
MC1R
Falco rusticolus
gyrfalcon - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Takeuchi S; Suzuki H; Yabuuchi M ; et al. (1996)
A possible involvement of melanocortin 1-receptor in regulating feather color pigmentation in the ch[...]
GP00000606
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
C33W
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
MC1R
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Takeuchi S; Suzuki H; Yabuuchi M ; et al. (1996)
A possible involvement of melanocortin 1-receptor in regulating feather color pigmentation in the ch[...]
GP00000607
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
D37G
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
MC1R
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Takeuchi S; Suzuki H; Yabuuchi M ; et al. (1996)
A possible involvement of melanocortin 1-receptor in regulating feather color pigmentation in the ch[...]
GP00000608
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
L244P
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
MC1R
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kerje S; Lind J; Schütz K ; et al. (2003)
Melanocortin 1-receptor (MC1R) mutations are associated with plumage colour in chicken.
1 Additional References
GP00000609
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
H215P
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
MC1R
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Malurus leucopterus
white-winged fairy-wren - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Doucet SM; Shawkey MD; Rathburn MK ; et al. (2004)
Concordant evolution of plumage colour, feather microstructure and a melanocortin receptor gene betw[...]
GP00000610
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
A16T caused by guanine-to-adenine (G_A) transition at site 46; and/or I38N cause by a tyrosine-to-adenine (T_A) transition at site 113; and/or V11N caused by a G_A transition at site 331; and/or Q157R caused by an A_G substitution at site 470; Val166Ileu - exact causing amino acid change(s) unknown
Malurus leucopterus
white-winged fairy-wren - (species)
Malurus leucopterus
white-winged fairy-wren - (species)
MC1R
Malurus leucopterus
white-winged fairy-wren - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Stercorarius parasiticus
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Mundy NI; Badcock NS; Hart T ; et al. (2004)
Conserved genetic basis of a quantitative plumage trait involved in mate choice.
GP00000611
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
R230H
Stercorarius parasiticus
(species)
Stercorarius parasiticus
(species)
MC1R
Stercorarius parasiticus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Sula leucogaster
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Baião PC; Parker PG (2012 May-Jun)
Evolution of the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) in Boobies and Gannets (Aves, Suliformes).
GP00000612
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
R112H
Sula leucogaster
(species)
Sula leucogaster
(species)
MC1R
Sula leucogaster
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Sula sula
red-footed booby - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Baião PC; Schreiber E; Parker PG (2007 Jul-Aug)
The genetic basis of the plumage polymorphism in red-footed boobies (Sula sula): a melanocortin-1 re[...]
GP00000613
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
V85M and/or H207R; current data cannot determine which one or if both these substitutions are underlying the phenotypic variation
Sula sula
red-footed booby - (species)
Sula sula
red-footed booby - (species)
MC1R
Sula sula
red-footed booby - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (red hair)
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Smith R; Healy E; Siddiqui S ; et al. (1998)
Melanocortin 1 receptor variants in an Irish population.
1 Additional References
GP00000615
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
R151C
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
MC1R
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (red hair)
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Smith R; Healy E; Siddiqui S ; et al. (1998)
Melanocortin 1 receptor variants in an Irish population.
1 Additional References
GP00000616
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
D294H
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
MC1R
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (red hair)
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Smith R; Healy E; Siddiqui S ; et al. (1998)
Melanocortin 1 receptor variants in an Irish population.
1 Additional References
GP00000617
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
R160W
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
MC1R
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (scales)
Coding,
SNP
Aspidoscelis inornatus
Little striped whiptail - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rosenblum EB; Hoekstra HE; Nachman MW (2004)
Adaptive reptile color variation and the evolution of the Mc1r gene.
1 Additional References
GP00000627
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
I170T
Aspidoscelis inornatus
Little striped whiptail - (species)
Aspidoscelis inornatus
Little striped whiptail - (species)
MC1R
Aspidoscelis inornatus
Little striped whiptail - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (scales)
Coding,
SNP
Holbrookia maculata
lesser earless lizard - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rosenblum EB; Hoekstra HE; Nachman MW (2004)
Adaptive reptile color variation and the evolution of the Mc1r gene.
1 Additional References
GP00000628
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
V168I; but failed functional validation in Rosenblum et al. 2010
Holbrookia maculata
lesser earless lizard - (species)
Holbrookia maculata
lesser earless lizard - (species)
MC1R
Holbrookia maculata
lesser earless lizard - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (scales)
Coding,
SNP
Sceloporus undulatus
fence lizard - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rosenblum EB; Römpler H; Schöneberg T ; et al. (2010)
Molecular and functional basis of phenotypic convergence in white lizards at White Sands.
GP00000629
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
H208Y
Sceloporus undulatus
fence lizard - (species)
Sceloporus undulatus
fence lizard - (species)
MC1R
Sceloporus undulatus
fence lizard - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (skin)
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lalueza-Fox C; Römpler H; Caramelli D ; et al. (2007)
A melanocortin 1 receptor allele suggests varying pigmentation among Neanderthals.
GP00000630
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
Arg307Gly
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
MC1R
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (skin)
Coding,
SNP
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kijas JM; Wales R; Törnsten A ; et al. (1998)
Melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) mutations and coat color in pigs.
1 Additional References
GP00000632
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
V"92"M actually at 95
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
MC1R
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (skin)
Coding,
SNP
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kijas JM; Wales R; Törnsten A ; et al. (1998)
Melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) mutations and coat color in pigs.
1 Additional References
GP00000633
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
D"121"N Actually 124
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
MC1R
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (skin)
Coding,
SNP
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kijas JM; Wales R; Törnsten A ; et al. (1998)
Melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) mutations and coat color in pigs.
1 Additional References
GP00000634
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
A"161"V actually 164
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
MC1R
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (skin)
Coding,
SNP
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kijas JM; Wales R; Törnsten A ; et al. (1998)
Melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) mutations and coat color in pigs.
1 Additional References
GP00000635
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
L"99" P Actually 102
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
MC1R
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (skin)
Coding,
SNP
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kijas JM; Wales R; Törnsten A ; et al. (1998)
Melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) mutations and coat color in pigs.
1 Additional References
GP00000636
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
A"240"T actually 243
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
MC1R
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Gustafson NA; Gandolfi B; Lyons LA (2017)
Not another type of potato: MC1R and the russet coloration of Burmese cats.
GP00001330
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
3bp deletion at c.439-441del (p.Phe146del)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
MC1R
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Rubin CJ; Megens HJ; Martinez Barrio A ; et al. (2012)
Strong signatures of selection in the domestic pig genome.
1 Additional References
GP00001337
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
c.G>A p.Asp124Asn
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies) D
MC1R
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Arctocephalus gazella
antarctic fur seal - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Norris BJ; Whan VA (2008)
A gene duplication affecting expression of the ovine ASIP gene is responsible for white and black sh[...]
GP00001338
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
c.C>T p.Ser291Phe
Arctocephalus gazella
antarctic fur seal - (species)
Arctocephalus gazella
antarctic fur seal - (species) D
MC1R
Arctocephalus gazella
antarctic fur seal - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Tyto alba
Barn owl - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
San-Jose LM; Ducrest AL; Ducret V ; et al. (2015)
Effect of the MC1R gene on sexual dimorphism in melanin-based colorations.
3 Additional References
GP00001339
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
p.Val126Ile
Tyto alba
Barn owl - (species)
Tyto alba
Barn owl - (species) D
R
MC1R
Tyto alba
Barn owl - (species)
Reviewed
September 26, 2019 17:00
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Rangifer tarandus
reindeer - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Våge DI; Nieminen M; Anderson DG ; et al. (2014)
Two missense mutations in melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) are strongly associated with dark ventral c[...]
GP00001350
Mc1r
Q01727
Morphology
2 mutations
Rangifer tarandus
reindeer - (species)
Rangifer tarandus
reindeer - (species) D
MC1R
Rangifer tarandus
reindeer - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Abitbol M; Legrand R; Tiret L (2014)
A missense mutation in melanocortin 1 receptor is associated with the red coat colour in donkeys.
GP00001351
Mc1r
Q01727
Morphology
c.629T>C p.Met210Thr
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
MC1R
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Anas platyrhynchos
mallard - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Yu W; Wang C; Xin Q ; et al. (2013)
Non-synonymous SNPs in MC1R gene are associated with the extended black variant in domestic ducks (A[...]
GP00001352
Mc1r
Q01727
Morphology
c.52G>A p.Glu18Lys
Anas platyrhynchos
mallard - (species)
Anas platyrhynchos
mallard - (species) D
MC1R
Anas platyrhynchos
mallard - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Capra hircus
goat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Fontanesi L; Beretti F; Riggio V ; et al. (2009)
Missense and nonsense mutations in melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene of different goat breeds: ass[...]
GP00001353
Mc1r
Q01727
Morphology
c.801C>G p.Cys267Trp
Capra hircus
goat - (species)
Capra hircus
goat - (species) D
MC1R
Capra hircus
goat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Zhang MQ; Xu X; Luo SJ (2014)
The genetics of brown coat color and white spotting in domestic yaks (Bos grunniens).
GP00001354
Mc1r
Q01727
Morphology
p.Gln34* and p.Met73Leu and p.Arg142Pro - p.Met73Leu and p.Arg142Pro were only found in heterozygous and their association with phenotype is supposed but not sure N
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
MC1R
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Stercorarius parasiticus
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Janssen K; Mundy NI (2013)
Molecular population genetics of the melanic plumage polymorphism in Arctic skuas (Stercorarius para[...]
GP00001355
Mc1r
Q01727
Morphology
Melanic and nonmelanic haplotypes in the Arctic skua are defined by three amino acid changes: nonmelanic: His8-Glu12-Arg230; melanic: Arg8-Lys12-His230. The effect of each single amino acid change has not been tested
Stercorarius parasiticus
(species)
Stercorarius parasiticus
(species)
MC1R
Stercorarius parasiticus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
3 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Ramphastos dicolorus
(species) D
Ramphastos vitellinus
(species) D
Ramphastos tucanus
(species) D
Ramphastos toco
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Corso J; Mundy NI; Fagundes NJ ; et al. (2016)
Evolution of dark colour in toucans (Ramphastidae): a case of molecular adaptation?
GP00001367
Mc1r
Q01727
Morphology
3 mutations
Ramphastidae
(family)
Ramphastos dicolorus
(species) D
Ramphastos vitellinus
(species) D
Ramphastos tucanus
(species) D
Ramphastos toco
(species) D
MC1R
Ramphastos dicolorus
(species)
Ramphastos vitellinus
(species)
Ramphastos tucanus
(species)
Ramphastos toco
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Leopardus geoffroyi
Geoffroy's cat - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Schneider A; Henegar C; Day K ; et al. (2015)
Recurrent evolution of melanism in South American felids.
GP00001733
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
All melanistic individuals were heterozygous for four variants that predicted three nonsynonymous substitutions, p.C125R, p.T177I, and p.G194S - In the laboratory mouse a Cys to Arg substitution at the site homologous to felid residue 125 causes constitutive activation of the receptor and the exact same change is thought to be responsible for melanism in the Alaska silver fox - therefore C125R is considered to be the likely causative alteration in the Geoffroy’s cat.
Leopardus geoffroyi
Geoffroy's cat - (species)
Leopardus geoffroyi
Geoffroy's cat - (species) D
MC1R
Leopardus geoffroyi
Geoffroy's cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
SNP
Meleagris gallopavo mexicana
(subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Vidal O; Viñas J; Pla C (2010)
Variability of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene explains the segregation of the bronze locus [...]
GP00002299
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
c.364A>T p.I122F
Meleagris gallopavo mexicana
(subspecies)
Meleagris gallopavo mexicana
(subspecies) D
MC1R
Meleagris gallopavo mexicana
(subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Meleagris gallopavo mexicana
(subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Vidal O; Viñas J; Pla C (2010)
Variability of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene explains the segregation of the bronze locus [...]
GP00002300
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
2 mutations
Meleagris gallopavo mexicana
(subspecies)
Meleagris gallopavo mexicana
(subspecies) D
MC1R
Meleagris gallopavo mexicana
(subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dürig N; Letko A; Lepori V ; et al. (2018)
Two MC1R loss-of-function alleles in cream-coloured Australian Cattle Dogs and white Huskies.
GP00002301
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
2-bp deletion in the coding sequence c.816_817delCT N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
MC1R
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dreger DL; Schmutz SM (2010 Sep-Oct)
A new mutation in MC1R explains a coat color phenotype in 2 "old" breeds: Saluki and Afghan hound.
GP00002303
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
c.233G>T p.G78V N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
MC1R
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MC1R
Coloration (feathers; eyes)
Coding,
SNP
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dávila SG; Gil MG; Resino-Talaván P ; et al. (2014)
Association between polymorphism in the melanocortin 1 receptor gene and E locus plumage color pheno[...]
GP00002390
MC1R
Q01726
Morphology
the Arg213Cys mutation may be the cause of the loss or the decrease of function of the receptor to produce eumelanin
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
MC1R
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Li W; Sartelet A; Tamma N ; et al. (2016)
Reverse genetic screen for loss-of-function mutations uncovers a frameshifting deletion in the melan[...]
GP00000642
Mlph
Q91V27
Morphology
10bp deletion in exon1 ; c.87_96del p.Glu32Aspfs*1 N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Bauer A; Kehl A; Jagannathan V ; et al. (2018)
A novel MLPH variant in dogs with coat colour dilution.
GP00000643
Mlph
Q91V27
Morphology
c.705G>C p.Gln235His
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Vaez M; Follett SA; Bed'hom B ; et al. (2008)
A single point-mutation within the melanophilin gene causes the lavender plumage colour dilution phe[...]
GP00000645
Mlph
Q91V27
Morphology
c.103C>T p.R35W
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Neovison vison
American mink - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Cirera S; Markakis MN; Christensen K ; et al. (2013)
New insights into the melanophilin (MLPH) gene controlling coat color phenotypes in American mink.
GP00000646
Mlph
Q91V27
Morphology
deletion including intron 7 and exon 8 N
Neovison vison
American mink - (species)
Neovison vison
American mink - (species) D
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Neovison vison
American mink - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Neovison vison
American mink - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Cirera S; Markakis MN; Christensen K ; et al. (2013)
New insights into the melanophilin (MLPH) gene controlling coat color phenotypes in American mink.
1 Additional References
GP00000647
Mlph
Q91V27
Morphology
Splice donor site variation in exon 8 resulting in a premature stop codon c.901+1G>A
Neovison vison
American mink - (species)
Neovison vison
American mink - (species) D
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Neovison vison
American mink - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Oryctolagus
(genus) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Fontanesi L; Scotti E; Allain D ; et al. (2014)
A frameshift mutation in the melanophilin gene causes the dilute coat colour in rabbit (Oryctolagus [...]
GP00000648
Mlph
Q91V27
Morphology
1bp deletion resulting in frameshift N
Oryctolagus
(genus)
Oryctolagus
(genus) D
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Oryctolagus
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Oryctolagus
(genus) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Lehner S; Gähle M; Dierks C ; et al. (2013)
Two-exon skipping within MLPH is associated with coat color dilution in rabbits.
GP00000649
Mlph
Q91V27
Morphology
c.111-5C>A (exon skipping resulting in frameshift and truncated protein)
Oryctolagus
(genus)
Oryctolagus
(genus) D
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Oryctolagus
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Van Buren SL; Minor KM; Grahn RA ; et al. (2020)
A Third MLPH Variant Causing Coat Color Dilution in Dogs.
GP00002331
Mlph
Q91V27
Morphology
c.667_668insC p.(His223Profs*41) N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Lehner S; Gähle M; Dierks C ; et al. (2013)
Two-exon skipping within MLPH is associated with coat color dilution in rabbits.
GP00002332
Mlph
Q91V27
Morphology
c.585delG p.L195LfsX123* N
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
Melanophilin (MLPH)
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
metallothionein (Mtn)
Metal tolerance
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Otto E; Young JE; Maroni G (1986)
Structure and expression of a tandem duplication of the Drosophila metallothionein gene.
1 Additional References
GP00000653
MtnA
P04357
Physiology
Gene duplication
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
metallothionein (Mtn)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hauswirth R; Haase B; Blatter M ; et al. (2012)
Mutations in MITF and PAX3 cause "splashed white" and other white spotting phenotypes in horses.
GP00000658
Mitf
Q08874
Morphology
11bp insertion in melanocyte-specific promoter; disrupting PAX3 binding site
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hauswirth R; Haase B; Blatter M ; et al. (2012)
Mutations in MITF and PAX3 cause "splashed white" and other white spotting phenotypes in horses.
GP00000659
Mitf
Q08874
Morphology
c.629A>G N310S yielding defective DNA-binding
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Minvielle F; Bed'hom B; Coville JL ; et al. (2010)
The "silver" Japanese quail and the MITF gene: causal mutation, associated traits and homology with [...]
1 Additional References
GP00000660
Mitf
Q08874
Morphology
2bp deletion N
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species)
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species) D
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Coturnix japonica
Japanese quail - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hauswirth R; Haase B; Blatter M ; et al. (2012)
Mutations in MITF and PAX3 cause "splashed white" and other white spotting phenotypes in horses.
GP00002322
Mitf
Q08874
Morphology
c.519_523delGTGTC p.C174Sfs*20 N
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dürig N; Jude R; Jagannathan V ; et al. (2017)
A novel MITF variant in a white American Standardbred foal.
GP00002323
Mitf
Q08874
Morphology
c.731G>A p.G244E
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Henkel J; Lafayette C; Brooks SA ; et al. (2019)
Whole-genome sequencing reveals a large deletion in the MITF gene in horses with white spotted coat [...]
GP00002324
Mitf
Q08874
Morphology
~63-kb deletion spanning exons 6-9 N
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Magdesian KG; Tanaka J; Bellone RR (2020)
A De Novo MITF Deletion Explains a Novel Splashed White Phenotype in an American Paint Horse.
GP00002325
Mitf
Q08874
Morphology
8.7 kb deletion N
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Bubalus bubalis
water buffalo - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Yusnizar Y; Wilbe M; Herlino AO ; et al. (2015)
Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor mutations are associated with white-spotted coat colo[...]
GP00002327
Mitf
Q08874
Morphology
c.328C>T p.R110* N
Bubalus bubalis
water buffalo - (species)
Bubalus bubalis
water buffalo - (species) D
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Bubalus bubalis
water buffalo - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Bubalus bubalis
water buffalo - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Yusnizar Y; Wilbe M; Herlino AO ; et al. (2015)
Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor mutations are associated with white-spotted coat colo[...]
GP00002328
Mitf
Q08874
Morphology
donor splice-site mutation leads to aberrant splicing of exon 8 that encodes part of a highly conserved region of MITF N
Bubalus bubalis
water buffalo - (species)
Bubalus bubalis
water buffalo - (species) D
Microphtalmia-associated transcription factor
Bubalus bubalis
water buffalo - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)
Pathogen resistance (hepaciviruses)
Coding,
SNP
Papio anubis
olive baboon - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Patel MR; Loo YM; Horner SM ; et al. (2012)
Convergent evolution of escape from hepaciviral antagonism in primates.
GP00001452
MAVS
Q7Z434
Physiology
Cys508Arg disrupting the protease cleavage site
Miopithecus talapoin
talapoin - (species)
Papio anubis
olive baboon - (species) D
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)
Papio anubis
olive baboon - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)
Pathogen resistance (hepaciviruses)
Coding,
SNP
Macaca mulatta
Rhesus monkey - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Patel MR; Loo YM; Horner SM ; et al. (2012)
Convergent evolution of escape from hepaciviral antagonism in primates.
GP00001453
MAVS
Q7Z434
Physiology
Val506Gly resistant to cleavage
Miopithecus talapoin
talapoin - (species)
Macaca mulatta
Rhesus monkey - (species) D
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)
Macaca mulatta
Rhesus monkey - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)
Pathogen resistance (hepaciviruses)
Coding,
SNP
Ateles geoffroyi
black-handed spider monkey - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Patel MR; Loo YM; Horner SM ; et al. (2012)
Convergent evolution of escape from hepaciviral antagonism in primates.
GP00001454
MAVS
Q7Z434
Physiology
Val506Ala resistant to cleavage
Lagothrix lagotricha
brown woolly monkey - (species)
Ateles geoffroyi
black-handed spider monkey - (species) D
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)
Ateles geoffroyi
black-handed spider monkey - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)
Pathogen resistance (hepaciviruses)
Coding,
SNP
Plecturocebus moloch
red-bellied titi - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Patel MR; Loo YM; Horner SM ; et al. (2012)
Convergent evolution of escape from hepaciviral antagonism in primates.
GP00001455
MAVS
Q7Z434
Physiology
Val506Ala resistant to cleavage
Lagothrix lagotricha
brown woolly monkey - (species)
Plecturocebus moloch
red-bellied titi - (species) D
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)
Plecturocebus moloch
red-bellied titi - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)
Pathogen resistance (hepaciviruses)
Coding,
SNP
Allenopithecus nigroviridis
Allen's swamp monkey - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Patel MR; Loo YM; Horner SM ; et al. (2012)
Convergent evolution of escape from hepaciviral antagonism in primates.
GP00001456
MAVS
Q7Z434
Physiology
Val506Met less susceptible to cleavage
Erythrocebus patas
red guenon - (species)
Allenopithecus nigroviridis
Allen's swamp monkey - (species) D
Mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)
Allenopithecus nigroviridis
Allen's swamp monkey - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
mitochondrial tyrosine tRNA
Hybrid incompatibility (F1 hybrid viability; F1 hybrid sterility)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Meiklejohn CD; Holmbeck MA; Siddiq MA ; et al. (2013)
An Incompatibility between a mitochondrial tRNA and its nuclear-encoded tRNA synthetase compromises [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001971
Physiology
C to T mutation at the base of the anticodon stem, so that G:C becomes G:U in the folded mRNA (see Fig. 1 of Hoekstra et al 2013)
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
mitochondrial tyrosine tRNA
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Mla1
Pathogen resistance
Coding,
Unknown
Triticum monococcum
(species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Halterman D; Zhou F; Wei F ; et al. (2001)
The MLA6 coiled-coil, NBS-LRR protein confers AvrMla6-dependent resistance specificity to Blumeria g[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000669
Mla1
Q7EXP5
Physiology
Coding variation in the LRR domain
Triticum monococcum
(species)
Triticum monococcum
(species)
Mla1
Triticum monococcum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Mpv17
Coloration (albinism; iridophores)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Yang J; Chen X; Bai J ; et al. (2016)
The Sinocyclocheilus cavefish genome provides insights into cave adaptation.
GP00002358
mpv17
Q5TZ51
Morphology; Physiology
Deletion which removes 16 amino acids in a conserved region. The Mpv17 mutant in zebrafish displays a strong reduction of iridophores throughout larval and adult stages. N
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species)
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Mpv17
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
mucilage-modified 2 (mum2)
Mucilage (seeds)
Coding,
SNP
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Saez-Aguayo S; Rondeau-Mouro C; Macquet A ; et al. (2014)
Local evolution of seed flotation in Arabidopsis.
GP00001274
BGAL6
Q9FFN4
Physiology
C->T @position 2223 causing premature stop N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
mucilage-modified 2 (mum2)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
mucilage-modified 2 (mum2)
Mucilage (seeds)
Coding,
SNP
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Saez-Aguayo S; Rondeau-Mouro C; Macquet A ; et al. (2014)
Local evolution of seed flotation in Arabidopsis.
GP00001275
BGAL6
Q9FFN4
Physiology
G->C @position 2240 causing premature stop N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
mucilage-modified 2 (mum2)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
mucilage-modified 2 (mum2)
Mucilage (seeds)
Coding,
SNP
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Saez-Aguayo S; Rondeau-Mouro C; Macquet A ; et al. (2014)
Local evolution of seed flotation in Arabidopsis.
GP00001276
BGAL6
Q9FFN4
Physiology
G->T @position 3425 causing premature stop N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
mucilage-modified 2 (mum2)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
mucilage-modified 2 (mum2)
Mucilage (seeds)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Saez-Aguayo S; Rondeau-Mouro C; Macquet A ; et al. (2014)
Local evolution of seed flotation in Arabidopsis.
GP00001277
BGAL6
Q9FFN4
Physiology
TACA insertion @position 4906 causing frame shift + Stop N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
mucilage-modified 2 (mum2)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Muscle-specific adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (PRKAG3)
Glycogen content (muscles)
Coding,
SNP
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Ciobanu D; Bastiaansen J; Malek M ; et al. (2001)
Evidence for new alleles in the protein kinase adenosine monophosphate-activated gamma(3)-subunit ge[...]
GP00002333
Prkag3
Q8BGM7
Physiology
p.(I249V)
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies) D
Muscle-specific adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (PRKAG3)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MYB1
Coloration (inner flesh)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Beta vulgaris
(species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hatlestad GJ; Akhavan NA; Sunnadeniya RM ; et al. (2015)
The beet Y locus encodes an anthocyanin MYB-like protein that activates the betalain red pigment pat[...]
GP00001396
MYB1
M1ETA5
Physiology
unknown mutations within 460bp of putative 5 prime UTR
Beta vulgaris
(species)
Beta vulgaris
(species)
MYB1
Beta vulgaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MYB1
Coloration (flower)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chang SM; Lu Y; Rausher MD (2005)
Neutral evolution of the nonbinding region of the anthocyanin regulatory gene Ipmyb1 in Ipomoea.
GP00001458
myb1
Q4QS21
Morphology
2 deletions; 6-bp and 19-bp long; the larger produces a frameshift and a premature stop N
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species) D
MYB1
Ipomoea purpurea
common morning-glory - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MYB1
Coloration (flowers; seeds; stems)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Ipomoea nil
Japanese morning glory - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Morita Y; Saitoh M; Hoshino A ; et al. (2006)
Isolation of cDNAs for R2R3-MYB, bHLH and WDR transcriptional regulators and identification of c and[...]
GP00002089
myb1
Q4QS21
Morphology
frameshift mutation caused by a 2 bp deletion N
Ipomoea nil
Japanese morning glory - (species)
Ipomoea nil
Japanese morning glory - (species) D
MYB1
Ipomoea nil
Japanese morning glory - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
MYB1
Coloration (inner flesh)
Cis-regulatory,
Epigenetic Change
Raphanus sativus
radish - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Wang Q; Wang Y; Sun H ; et al. (2020)
Transposon-induced methylation of the RsMYB1 promoter disturbs the anthocyanin accumulation in red-f[...]
GP00002094
MYB1
M1ETA5
Physiology
The taproot white-fleshed mutant is the result of altered DNA methylation in the RsMYB1 promoter. This heritable epigenetic change is due to a hypermethylated CACTA transposon (a 7372-bp TE) which induces the spreading of DNA methylation to the promoter region of RsMYB1. RsMYB1 expression is considerably downregulated and this inhibits anthocyanin biosynthesis in white-fleshed mutants.
Raphanus sativus
radish - (species)
Raphanus sativus
radish - (species) D
MYB1
Raphanus sativus
radish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myogenic factor 5 (Myf5)
Rib morphology (skeleton)
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Pantherophis guttatus guttatus
(subspecies) D
Malayopython reticulatus
reticulated python - (species) D
Boa constrictor
boa - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Guerreiro I; Nunes A; Woltering JM ; et al. (2013)
Role of a polymorphism in a Hox/Pax-responsive enhancer in the evolution of the vertebrate spine.
GP00001716
Myf5
P24699
Morphology
one nucleotide change at a Hox binding site (CTAATTG to CCAATTG) - mouse transgenics and protein-DNA binding assay
Squamata
squamates - (order)
Pantherophis guttatus guttatus
(subspecies) D
Malayopython reticulatus
reticulated python - (species) D
Boa constrictor
boa - (species) D
Myogenic factor 5 (Myf5)
Pantherophis guttatus guttatus
(subspecies)
Malayopython reticulatus
reticulated python - (species)
Boa constrictor
boa - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myogenic factor 5 (Myf5)
Rib morphology (skeleton)
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Trichechus manatus
West Indian manatee - (species) D
Procavia capensis
Cape rock hyrax - (species) D
Loxodonta africana
African savanna elephant - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Guerreiro I; Nunes A; Woltering JM ; et al. (2013)
Role of a polymorphism in a Hox/Pax-responsive enhancer in the evolution of the vertebrate spine.
GP00001717
Myf5
P24699
Morphology
one nucleotide change at a Hox binding site (CTAATTG to CCAATTG) - mouse transgenics and protein-DNA binding assay
Eutheria
placentals - (no rank)
Trichechus manatus
West Indian manatee - (species) D
Procavia capensis
Cape rock hyrax - (species) D
Loxodonta africana
African savanna elephant - (species) D
Myogenic factor 5 (Myf5)
Trichechus manatus
West Indian manatee - (species)
Procavia capensis
Cape rock hyrax - (species)
Loxodonta africana
African savanna elephant - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
myosin heavy chain 16 (MYH16)
Masticatory muscles
Coding,
Deletion
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Stedman HH; Kozyak BW; Nelson A ; et al. (2004)
Myosin gene mutation correlates with anatomical changes in the human lineage.
GP00000683
MYH16
Q9H6N6
Morphology
2bp deletion at codon 660 N
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
myosin heavy chain 16 (MYH16)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Muscular mass (double muscling)
Coding,
Indel
N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Grobet L; Poncelet D; Royo LJ ; et al. (1998)
Molecular definition of an allelic series of mutations disrupting the myostatin function and causing[...]
GP00000686
MSTN
O14793
Morphology
nt419 7bp deletion and 10bp insertion; leading to a premature stop codon at position 140 c.419_425del7, c418_426ins10 N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Muscular mass (double muscling)
Coding,
SNP
N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Grobet L; Poncelet D; Royo LJ ; et al. (1998)
Molecular definition of an allelic series of mutations disrupting the myostatin function and causing[...]
GP00000687
MSTN
O14793
Morphology
c.610C>T p.Q204* N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Muscular mass (double muscling)
Coding,
SNP
N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Grobet L; Poncelet D; Royo LJ ; et al. (1998)
Molecular definition of an allelic series of mutations disrupting the myostatin function and causing[...]
GP00000688
MSTN
O14793
Morphology
E226* caused by G676T N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Muscular mass (double muscling)
Coding,
SNP
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
McPherron AC; Lee SJ (1997)
Double muscling in cattle due to mutations in the myostatin gene.
2 Additional References
GP00000689
MSTN
O14793
Morphology
C313Y caused by G938A; disrupts disulphide bond
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Muscular mass (double muscling)
Coding,
SNP
N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Marchitelli C; Savarese MC; Crisà A ; et al. (2003)
Double muscling in Marchigiana beef breed is caused by a stop codon in the third exon of myostatin g[...]
GP00000690
MSTN
O14793
Morphology
E291* caused by G>T N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Muscular mass (double muscling)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Boman IA; Klemetsdal G; Blichfeldt T ; et al. (2009)
A frameshift mutation in the coding region of the myostatin gene (MSTN) affects carcass conformation[...]
GP00000693
MSTN
O14793
Morphology
1bp deletion resulting in a premature stop codon at position 320 N
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Muscular mass (double muscling)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Boman IA; Våge DI (2009)
An insertion in the coding region of the myostatin (MSTN) gene affects carcass conformation and fatn[...]
GP00000694
MSTN
O14793
Morphology
1bp insertion resulting in premature stop codon at position 49 N
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species) D
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Ovis aries
sheep - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Muscular mass (double muscling)
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Stinckens A; Luyten T; Bijttebier J ; et al. (2008)
Characterization of the complete porcine MSTN gene and expression levels in pig breeds differing in [...]
GP00000696
MSTN
O14793
Morphology
Possible promoter disruption ; changes the G nucleotide at position 8 of the MEF3 binding site into an A nucleotide, thus disrupting the MEF3 binding site
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Racing performance
Coding,
Deletion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Mosher DS; Quignon P; Bustamante CD ; et al. (2007)
A mutation in the myostatin gene increases muscle mass and enhances racing performance in heterozygo[...]
GP00000697
MSTN
O14793
Morphology; Physiology
2bp deletion in the third exon c.939_940delTG p.C313* N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Racing performance
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Binns MM; Boehler DA; Lambert DH (2010)
Identification of the myostatin locus (MSTN) as having a major effect on optimum racing distance in [...]
3 Additional References
GP00000698
MSTN
O14793
Morphology; Physiology
227-bp SINE insertion in promoter
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Muscular mass (double muscling)
Coding,
SNP
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dierks C; Eder J; Glatzer S ; et al. (2015)
A novel myostatin mutation in double-muscled German Gelbvieh.
GP00002248
MSTN
O14793
Morphology
c.191T>C p.L64P
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Myostatin (MSTN = GDF8)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Varanus salvator
water monitor - (species) D
Varanus niloticus
(species) D
Varanus albigularis
cape monitor - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Ujvari B; Casewell NR; Sunagar K ; et al. (2015)
Widespread convergence in toxin resistance by predictable molecular evolution.
GP00000699
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
2 mutations
Varanus tristis
(species)
Varanus mitchelli
(species)
Varanus scalaris
(species)
Varanus salvator
water monitor - (species) D
Varanus niloticus
(species) D
Varanus albigularis
cape monitor - (species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Varanus salvator
water monitor - (species)
Varanus niloticus
(species)
Varanus albigularis
cape monitor - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Natricinae
(subfamily) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ujvari B; Casewell NR; Sunagar K ; et al. (2015)
Widespread convergence in toxin resistance by predictable molecular evolution.
GP00000700
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
2 mutations
Colubridae
colubrid snakes - (family)
Natricinae
(subfamily) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Natricinae
(subfamily)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Leptodactylus ocellatus
argus frog - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Moore DJ; Halliday DC; Rowell DM ; et al. (2009)
Positive Darwinian selection results in resistance to cardioactive toxins in true toads (Anura: Bufo[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000701
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
2 mutations
Leptodactylus ocellatus
argus frog - (species)
Leptodactylus ocellatus
argus frog - (species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Leptodactylus ocellatus
argus frog - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Atelopus spumarius
Pebas stubfoot toad - (species) D
Rhinella marina
marine toad - (species) D
Rhinella granulosa
granular toad - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Moore DJ; Halliday DC; Rowell DM ; et al. (2009)
Positive Darwinian selection results in resistance to cardioactive toxins in true toads (Anura: Bufo[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000702
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
2 mutations
Hyloidea
(superfamily)
Atelopus spumarius
Pebas stubfoot toad - (species) D
Rhinella marina
marine toad - (species) D
Rhinella granulosa
granular toad - (species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Atelopus spumarius
Pebas stubfoot toad - (species)
Rhinella marina
marine toad - (species)
Rhinella granulosa
granular toad - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Naja melanoleuca
forest cobra - (species) D
Naja naja
Indian cobra - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ujvari B; Casewell NR; Sunagar K ; et al. (2015)
Widespread convergence in toxin resistance by predictable molecular evolution.
GP00000703
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
2 mutations
Ophiophagus hannah
king cobra - (species)
Pseudechis australis
mulga snake - (species)
Hemiaspis signata
(species)
Naja melanoleuca
forest cobra - (species) D
Naja naja
Indian cobra - (species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Naja melanoleuca
forest cobra - (species)
Naja naja
Indian cobra - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
4 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Chrysochus auratus
dogbane beetle - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Aardema ML; Zhen Y; Andolfatto P (2012)
The evolution of cardenolide-resistant forms of Na⁺,K⁺ -ATPase in Danainae butterflies.
1 Additional References
GP00000704
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
4 mutations
Coleoptera
beetles - (order)
Chrysochus auratus
dogbane beetle - (species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Chrysochus auratus
dogbane beetle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
Coding,
SNP
Rhyssomatus lineaticollis
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhen Y; Aardema ML; Medina EM ; et al. (2012)
Parallel molecular evolution in an herbivore community.
GP00000705
K+ ATPase alpha subunit
R4ZHW8
Physiology
C104Y
Coleoptera
beetles - (order)
Rhyssomatus lineaticollis
(species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Rhyssomatus lineaticollis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Tetraopes tetrophthalmus
red milkweed beetle - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhen Y; Aardema ML; Medina EM ; et al. (2012)
Parallel molecular evolution in an herbivore community.
1 Additional References
GP00000706
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
2 mutations
Coleoptera
beetles - (order)
Tetraopes tetrophthalmus
red milkweed beetle - (species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Tetraopes tetrophthalmus
red milkweed beetle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides; ouabaine)
4 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Danaus plexippus
monarch butterfly - (species) D
Danaus erippus
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Aardema ML; Zhen Y; Andolfatto P (2012)
The evolution of cardenolide-resistant forms of Na⁺,K⁺ -ATPase in Danainae butterflies.
3 Additional References
GP00000707
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
4 mutations
Nymphalidae
brushfoots - (family)
Danaus plexippus
monarch butterfly - (species) D
Danaus erippus
(species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Danaus plexippus
monarch butterfly - (species)
Danaus erippus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Erinaceus europaeus
western European hedgehog - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ujvari B; Casewell NR; Sunagar K ; et al. (2015)
Widespread convergence in toxin resistance by predictable molecular evolution.
GP00000708
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
2 mutations
Condylura cristata
star-nosed mole - (species)
Erinaceus europaeus
western European hedgehog - (species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Erinaceus europaeus
western European hedgehog - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
4 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Oncopeltus fasciatus
milkweed bug - (species) D
Lygaeus kalmii
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Dobler S; Dalla S; Wagschal V ; et al. (2012)
Community-wide convergent evolution in insect adaptation to toxic cardenolides by substitutions in t[...]
2 Additional References
GP00000709
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
4 mutations
Insecta
true insects - (class)
Oncopeltus fasciatus
milkweed bug - (species) D
Lygaeus kalmii
(species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Oncopeltus fasciatus
milkweed bug - (species)
Lygaeus kalmii
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Labidomera clivicollis
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Dobler S; Dalla S; Wagschal V ; et al. (2012)
Community-wide convergent evolution in insect adaptation to toxic cardenolides by substitutions in t[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000710
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
2 mutations
Insecta
true insects - (class)
Labidomera clivicollis
(species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Labidomera clivicollis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
Coding,
SNP
Liriomyza asclepiadis
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Dobler S; Dalla S; Wagschal V ; et al. (2012)
Community-wide convergent evolution in insect adaptation to toxic cardenolides by substitutions in t[...]
GP00000711
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
N122H
Insecta
true insects - (class)
Liriomyza asclepiadis
(species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Liriomyza asclepiadis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Aphis nerii
oleander aphid - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhen Y; Aardema ML; Medina EM ; et al. (2012)
Parallel molecular evolution in an herbivore community.
GP00000712
K+ ATPase alpha subunit
R4ZHW8
Physiology
2 mutations
Insecta
true insects - (class)
Aphis nerii
oleander aphid - (species)
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Aphis nerii
oleander aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
Coding,
SNP
Cycnia tenera
delicate cyncia - (species)
Lerina incarnata
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhen Y; Aardema ML; Medina EM ; et al. (2012)
Parallel molecular evolution in an herbivore community.
1 Additional References
GP00000713
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
Q111L
Lepidoptera
butterflies and moths - (order)
Cycnia tenera
delicate cyncia - (species)
Lerina incarnata
(species)
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Cycnia tenera
delicate cyncia - (species)
Lerina incarnata
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Murinae
(subfamily) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ujvari B; Casewell NR; Sunagar K ; et al. (2015)
Widespread convergence in toxin resistance by predictable molecular evolution.
GP00000714
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
2 mutations
Rodentia
rodent - (order)
Murinae
(subfamily) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Murinae
(subfamily)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Varanus varius
lace monitor - (species) D
Varanus tristis
(species) D
Varanus scalaris
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Ujvari B; Casewell NR; Sunagar K ; et al. (2015)
Widespread convergence in toxin resistance by predictable molecular evolution.
GP00000715
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
2 mutations
Varanus salvator
water monitor - (species)
Varanus rudicollis
roughneck monitor - (species)
Varanus dumerilii
Dumeril monitor - (species)
Varanus varius
lace monitor - (species) D
Varanus tristis
(species) D
Varanus scalaris
(species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Varanus varius
lace monitor - (species)
Varanus tristis
(species)
Varanus scalaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Bitis arietans
puff adder - (species) D
Bitis nasicornis
rhinoceros viper - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ujvari B; Casewell NR; Sunagar K ; et al. (2015)
Widespread convergence in toxin resistance by predictable molecular evolution.
GP00000716
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
2 mutations
Vipera berus
adder - (species)
Bitis arietans
puff adder - (species) D
Bitis nasicornis
rhinoceros viper - (species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Bitis arietans
puff adder - (species)
Bitis nasicornis
rhinoceros viper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
Coding,
Unknown
Hydra vulgaris
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Canfield VA; Xu KY; D'Aquila T ; et al. (1992)
Molecular cloning and characterization of Na,K-ATPase from Hydra vulgaris: implications for enzyme e[...]
GP00001738
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
Eumetazoa
(no rank)
Hydra vulgaris
(species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Hydra vulgaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species) D
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species) D
Mesocricetus auratus
golden hamster - (species) D
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species) D
Nannospalax galili
Upper Galilee mountains blind mole rat - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Shull GE; Greeb J; Lingrel JB (1986)
Molecular cloning of three distinct forms of the Na+,K+-ATPase alpha-subunit from rat brain.
1 Additional References
GP00001739
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
2 mutations
Jaculus jaculus
lesser Egyptian jerboa - (species)
Spermophilus
old world ground squirrels - (genus)
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species) D
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species) D
Mesocricetus auratus
golden hamster - (species) D
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species) D
Nannospalax galili
Upper Galilee mountains blind mole rat - (species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Mesocricetus auratus
golden hamster - (species)
Peromyscus maniculatus
North American deer mouse - (species)
Nannospalax galili
Upper Galilee mountains blind mole rat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
Coding,
SNP
Oncopeltus fasciatus
milkweed bug - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ujvari B; Casewell NR; Sunagar K ; et al. (2015)
Widespread convergence in toxin resistance by predictable molecular evolution.
1 Additional References
GP00001740
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
Q111T
Lygaeus kalmii
(species)
Oncopeltus fasciatus
milkweed bug - (species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Oncopeltus fasciatus
milkweed bug - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
Coding,
SNP
Liriomyza
(genus) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Dobler S; Dalla S; Wagschal V ; et al. (2012)
Community-wide convergent evolution in insect adaptation to toxic cardenolides by substitutions in t[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001741
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
Q111L
Phytomyzinae
(subfamily)
Liriomyza
(genus) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Liriomyza
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Xenobiotic resistance (cardiac glycosides)
Coding,
SNP
Saucrobotys futilalis
dogbane pyralid moth - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ujvari B; Casewell NR; Sunagar K ; et al. (2015)
Widespread convergence in toxin resistance by predictable molecular evolution.
GP00001742
Atp1a1
Q8VDN2
Physiology
Q111L
Holometabola
(cohort)
Saucrobotys futilalis
dogbane pyralid moth - (species) D
Na/K-ATPase alpha-subunit
Saucrobotys futilalis
dogbane pyralid moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
nAChR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang ZJ; Liang CR; Shang ZY ; et al. (2021)
Insecticide resistance and resistance mechanisms in the melon aphid, Aphis gossypii, in Shandong, Ch[...]
GP00002491
nAChRbeta1
P04755
Physiology
R81T
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species) D
nAChR
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
nAChR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang ZJ; Liang CR; Shang ZY ; et al. (2021)
Insecticide resistance and resistance mechanisms in the melon aphid, Aphis gossypii, in Shandong, Ch[...]
GP00002492
nAChRbeta1
P04755
Physiology
K264E
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species) D
nAChR
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
nAChR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bass C; Puinean AM; Andrews M ; et al. (2011)
Mutation of a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor β subunit is associated with resistance to neonicotin[...]
2 Additional References
GP00002553
nAChRbeta1
P04755
Physiology
R81T in the loop D region of the nAChR β1 subunit of the resistant clone
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
nAChR
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
nAChR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; spinosad; spirotetramat)
Coding,
SNP
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Puinean AM; Lansdell SJ; Collins T ; et al. (2013)
A nicotinic acetylcholine receptor transmembrane point mutation (G275E) associated with resistance t[...]
3 Additional References
GP00002554
nAChRbeta1
P04755
Physiology
G275E in nAchR alpha 6 due to a single nucleotide change
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species)
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species) D
nAChR
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
nAChR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Thrips palmi
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bao WX; Narai Y; Nakano A ; et al. (2014)
Spinosad resistance of melon thrips, Thrips palmi, is conferred by G275E mutation in α6 subunit of n[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002555
nAChRbeta1
P04755
Physiology
G275E in nAchR alpha 6 due to a single nucleotide change
Thrips palmi
(species)
Thrips palmi
(species) D
nAChR
Thrips palmi
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
nAChR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Xu X; Ding Q; Wang X ; et al. (2022)
V101I and R81T mutations in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor β1 subunit are associated with neon[...]
GP00002612
nAChRbeta1
P04755
Physiology
V101I
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
nAChR
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
nAChR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; spinosad)
Coding,
SNP
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Silva WM; Berger M; Bass C ; et al. (2016)
Mutation (G275E) of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α6 subunit is associated with high levels o[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002621
nAChRbeta1
P04755
Physiology
G275E in nAchR alpha 6 due to a single nucleotide change
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
nAChR
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
nAChR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; spinosad)
Coding,
Unknown
N
Bactrocera dorsalis
oriental fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hsu JC; Feng HT; Wu WJ ; et al. (2012)
Truncated transcripts of nicotinic acetylcholine subunit gene Bdα6 are associated with spinosad resi[...]
GP00002650
CHRNA6
Q15825
Physiology
Mutation in Bdα6 intron 2 (A change to T) just before the truncated/mis-splicing region and in same location with a mutation previously reported in the Pxylα6 gene. Small deletions and insertions leading to premature stop codons in exon 7. N
Bactrocera dorsalis
oriental fruit fly - (species)
Bactrocera dorsalis
oriental fruit fly - (species) D
nAChR
Bactrocera dorsalis
oriental fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
nAChR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; spinosad)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rinkevich FD; Chen M; Shelton AM ; et al. (2010)
Transcripts of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit gene Pxylα6 with premature stop codons a[...]
GP00002652
CHRNA6
Q15825
Physiology
transcripts with premature stop codons N
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
nAChR
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
nAChR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; spinosad)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Experimental Evolution
Candidate Gene
Wang J; Wang X; Lansdell SJ ; et al. (2016)
A three amino acid deletion in the transmembrane domain of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α6 s[...]
GP00002653
CHRNA6
Q15825
Physiology
a three amino acid (3-aa) deletion in the fourth transmembrane domain (TM4) of the nAChR α6 subunit N
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
nAChR
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
nAChR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; spinosad)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Rhyzopertha dominica
lesser grain borer - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang HT; Tsai CL; Chen ME (2018)
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit α6 associated with spinosad resistance in Rhyzopertha domin[...]
GP00002654
CHRNA6
Q15825
Physiology
Three mutations were found in the resistant strain compared with the susceptible one: (1) a 181-bp fragment truncated at the N-terminus resulting in the appearance of a premature stop codon - (2) one missing bp at the position 997 causing a frame-shift mutation and (3) an 87-bp fragment truncated in the TM2 region. N
Rhyzopertha dominica
lesser grain borer - (species)
Rhyzopertha dominica
lesser grain borer - (species) D
nAChR
Rhyzopertha dominica
lesser grain borer - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Nav1 sodium channel
Xenobiotic resistance (pyrethroid; tau-fluvalinate)
3 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Bombus impatiens
common eastern bumble bee - (species) D
Apis mellifera
honey bee - (species) D
Dufourea novaeangliae
(species) D
Eufriesea mexicana
(species) D
Habropoda laboriosa
(species) D
Melipona quadrifasciata
(species) D
Megachile rotundata
alfalfa leafcutting bee - (species) D
Athalia rosae
coleseed sawfly - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Wu S; Nomura Y; Du Y ; et al. (2017)
Molecular basis of selective resistance of the bumblebee BiNa1 sodium channel to tau-fluvalinate.
GP00002648
SCN8A
Q9UQD0
Physiology
3 mutations
Polistes dominula
European paper wasp - (species)
Orussus abietinus
(species)
Diachasma alloeum
(species)
Bombus impatiens
common eastern bumble bee - (species) D
Apis mellifera
honey bee - (species) D
Dufourea novaeangliae
(species) D
Eufriesea mexicana
(species) D
Habropoda laboriosa
(species) D
Melipona quadrifasciata
(species) D
Megachile rotundata
alfalfa leafcutting bee - (species) D
Athalia rosae
coleseed sawfly - (species) D
Nav1 sodium channel
Bombus impatiens
common eastern bumble bee - (species)
Apis mellifera
honey bee - (species)
Dufourea novaeangliae
(species)
Eufriesea mexicana
(species)
Habropoda laboriosa
(species)
Melipona quadrifasciata
(species)
Megachile rotundata
alfalfa leafcutting bee - (species)
Athalia rosae
coleseed sawfly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Nav1.6 sodium channel
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Chuckalovcak JP; Janes DE ; et al. (2014)
Parallel evolution of tetrodotoxin resistance in three voltage-gated sodium channel genes in the gar[...]
GP00000735
SCN8A
Q9UQD0
Physiology
Ile1709Val
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species) D
Nav1.6 sodium channel
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Nav1.7 sodium channel
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
4 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Chuckalovcak JP; Janes DE ; et al. (2014)
Parallel evolution of tetrodotoxin resistance in three voltage-gated sodium channel genes in the gar[...]
GP00000736
SCN9A
Q15858
Physiology
4 mutations
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species) D
Nav1.7 sodium channel
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
neurogenin 3
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ordoñez GR; Hillier LW; Warren WC ; et al. (2008)
Loss of genes implicated in gastric function during platypus evolution.
GP00001915
NEUROG3
Q9Y4Z2
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - Neurogenin-3 is a transcription factor whose activity is required for the specification of gastric epithelial cell identity - Deficiency of this factor results in considerably smaller stomachs and absence of gastrin-secreting G cells: somatostatin-secreting D cells and glucagon-secreting A cells N
Monodelphis domestica
gray short-tailed opossum - (species)
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
neurogenin 3
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Neverland
Cholesterol metabolism
Ecological specialization
4 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Drosophila pachea
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Lang M; Murat S; Clark AG ; et al. (2012)
Mutations in the neverland gene turned Drosophila pachea into an obligate specialist species.
GP00000738
nvd
Q1JUZ1
Physiology
Physiology
4 mutations
Drosophila acanthoptera
(species)
Drosophila pachea
(species) D
Courtier Virginie
Neverland
Drosophila pachea
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
would be good to add text
March 8, 2019 10:00
Not much yang (Nmy)
Sex determination (sex ratio distortion)
Coding,
Deletion
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tao Y; Masly JP; Araripe L ; et al. (2007)
A sex-ratio meiotic drive system in Drosophila simulans. I: an autosomal suppressor.
1 Additional References
GP00001970
Physiology
Loss of one of the inverted repeats that is present in the wild-type Dsim\Nmy locus and loss of most of the sequence located between the inverted repeats (except for a 93bp element in reverse orientation).
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
Not much yang (Nmy)
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Oca2
Coloration (albinism)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Melanochromis auratus
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kratochwil CF; Urban S; Meyer A (2019)
Genome of the Malawi golden cichlid fish (Melanochromis auratus) reveals exon loss of oca2 in an ame[...]
GP00001955
Oca2
Q62052
Morphology
deletion covering a total of 5.4kb including exon 2 and parts of the flanking introns 1 and 2 N
Melanochromis auratus
(species)
Melanochromis auratus
(species) D
Oca2
Melanochromis auratus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Oca2
Coloration (albinism)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Carassius auratus
goldfish - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kon T; Omori Y; Fukuta K ; et al. (2020)
The Genetic Basis of Morphological Diversity in Domesticated Goldfish.
GP00002351
Oca2
Q62052
Morphology
1-bp insert creating a frameshift and a truncated protein (470 amino acids instead of 805). In oca2L ohnolog on chromosome LG6. N
Carassius auratus
goldfish - (species)
Carassius auratus
goldfish - (species) D
Oca2
Carassius auratus
goldfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Oca2
Coloration (albinism)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Carassius auratus
goldfish - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kon T; Omori Y; Fukuta K ; et al. (2020)
The Genetic Basis of Morphological Diversity in Domesticated Goldfish.
GP00002352
Oca2
Q62052
Morphology
1-bp deletion creating a frameshift and a truncated protein (519 amino acids instead of 805). In oca2S ohnolog on chromosome LG31. N
Carassius auratus
goldfish - (species)
Carassius auratus
goldfish - (species) D
Oca2
Carassius auratus
goldfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
OCYMENE SYNTHASE (OS)
Fragrance (floral terpenoid volatiles; E- beta-ocimene)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Erythranthe verbenacea
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Peng F; Byers KJRP; Bradshaw HD (2017)
Less is more: Independent loss-of-function OCIMENE SYNTHASE alleles parallel pollination syndrome di[...]
GP00001762
TPS02
P0CJ43
Physiology
large deletion from the third exon to the last exon N
Erythranthe lewisii
(species)
Erythranthe verbenacea
(species) D
OCYMENE SYNTHASE (OS)
Erythranthe verbenacea
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
OCYMENE SYNTHASE (OS)
Fragrance (floral terpenoid volatiles; E- beta-ocimene)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Erythranthe bicolor
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Peng F; Byers KJRP; Bradshaw HD (2017)
Less is more: Independent loss-of-function OCIMENE SYNTHASE alleles parallel pollination syndrome di[...]
GP00001763
TPS02
P0CJ43
Physiology
2-bp insertion in the second exon, producing a frameshift mutation and premature termination N
Erythranthe lewisii
(species)
Erythranthe bicolor
(species) D
OCYMENE SYNTHASE (OS)
Erythranthe bicolor
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Odorant receptor 3 (OR3)
Olfactory behavior (pheromone)
Coding,
SNP
Ostrinia furnacalis
Asian corn borer - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Leary GP; Allen JE; Bunger PL ; et al. (2012)
Single mutation to a sex pheromone receptor provides adaptive specificity between closely related mo[...]
GP00000749
OR3
D3J5H6
Behavior
A148T
Ostrinia nubilalis
European corn borer - (species)
Ostrinia furnacalis
Asian corn borer - (species)
Odorant receptor 3 (OR3)
Ostrinia furnacalis
Asian corn borer - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin
Color vision (blue)
Coding,
SNP
Alloteuthis subulata
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Morris A; Bowmaker JK; Hunt DM (1993)
The molecular basis of a spectral shift in the rhodopsins of two species of squid from different pho[...]
GP00000755
opn1sw1
Q9W6A9
Physiology
F270S
Loligo forbesii
northern European squid - (species)
Alloteuthis subulata
(species)
opsin
Alloteuthis subulata
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision
Coding,
Deletion
N
Mysticeti
baleen whales - (suborder) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Emerling CA ; et al. (2013)
Rod monochromacy and the coevolution of cetacean retinal opsins.
GP00000756
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
4bp frameshift deletion in exon 1 of SWS1 that results in a premature stop codon N
Cetacea
whales - (order)
Mysticeti
baleen whales - (suborder) D
opsin - (SWS1)
Mysticeti
baleen whales - (suborder)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision
Coding,
SNP
Odontoceti
tooth whales - (suborder)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Emerling CA ; et al. (2013)
Rod monochromacy and the coevolution of cetacean retinal opsins.
GP00000757
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
E113G; disrupts opsin-chromophore binding
Cetacea
whales - (order)
Odontoceti
tooth whales - (suborder)
opsin - (SWS1)
Odontoceti
tooth whales - (suborder)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision (loss of violet-range sensitivity)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Carvalho Ldos S; Cowing JA; Wilkie SE ; et al. (2006)
Shortwave visual sensitivity in tree and flying squirrels reflects changes in lifestyle.
GP00000758
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
6bp deletion (residues 77-78) + 1bp frameshift deletion N
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species)
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species) D
opsin - (SWS1)
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision (loss of violet-range sensitivity)
Coding,
Deletion
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Carvalho Ldos S; Cowing JA; Wilkie SE ; et al. (2006)
Shortwave visual sensitivity in tree and flying squirrels reflects changes in lifestyle.
GP00000759
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
9bp deletion (residues 93-95)
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species)
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species) D
opsin - (SWS1)
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision (UV-shift)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Melopsittacus undulatus
budgerigar - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Yokoyama S; Radlwimmer FB; Blow NS (2000)
Ultraviolet pigments in birds evolved from violet pigments by a single amino acid change.
1 Additional References
GP00000760
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
2 mutations
Aves
birds - (class)
Melopsittacus undulatus
budgerigar - (species) D
opsin - (SWS1)
Melopsittacus undulatus
budgerigar - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision (UV-shift)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Rhea americana
greater rhea - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Odeen A; Hastad O (2003)
Complex distribution of avian color vision systems revealed by sequencing the SWS1 opsin from total [...]
2 Additional References
GP00000761
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
2 mutations
Aves
birds - (class)
Rhea americana
greater rhea - (species) D
opsin - (SWS1)
Rhea americana
greater rhea - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision (UV-shift)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Larus
(genus) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Odeen A; Hastad O (2003)
Complex distribution of avian color vision systems revealed by sequencing the SWS1 opsin from total [...]
1 Additional References
GP00000762
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
2 mutations
Aves
birds - (class)
Larus
(genus) D
opsin - (SWS1)
Larus
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision (UV-shift)
Coding,
SNP
Trogon curucui
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Odeen A; Hastad O (2003)
Complex distribution of avian color vision systems revealed by sequencing the SWS1 opsin from total [...]
1 Additional References
GP00000763
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
S86F
Aves
birds - (class)
Trogon curucui
(species) D
opsin - (SWS1)
Trogon curucui
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision (UV-shift)
Coding,
SNP
Taeniopygia guttata
zebra finch - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Yokoyama S; Radlwimmer FB; Blow NS (2000)
Ultraviolet pigments in birds evolved from violet pigments by a single amino acid change.
1 Additional References
GP00000764
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
S90C
Passeriformes
(order)
Taeniopygia guttata
zebra finch - (species)
opsin - (SWS1)
Taeniopygia guttata
zebra finch - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision (violet-shift)
3 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Xenopus laevis
African clawed frog - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Takahashi Y; Yokoyama S (2005)
Genetic basis of spectral tuning in the violet-sensitive visual pigment of African clawed frog, Xeno[...]
GP00000765
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
3 mutations
Amniota
amniotes - (no rank)
Xenopus laevis
African clawed frog - (species) D
opsin - (SWS1)
Xenopus laevis
African clawed frog - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision (violet-shift)
Coding,
SNP
Macropodidae
(family)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Deeb SS; Wakefield MJ; Tada T ; et al. (2003)
The cone visual pigments of an Australian marsupial, the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii): sequence[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000766
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
F86Y
Metatheria
marsupials - (no rank)
Macropodidae
(family)
opsin - (SWS1)
Macropodidae
(family)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision (violet-shift)
Coding,
SNP
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Parry JW; Poopalasundaram S; Bowmaker JK ; et al. (2004)
A novel amino acid substitution is responsible for spectral tuning in a rodent violet-sensitive visu[...]
GP00000767
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
F86V
Rodentia
rodent - (order)
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
opsin - (SWS1)
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision (violet-shift)
Coding,
SNP
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Carvalho Ldos S; Cowing JA; Wilkie SE ; et al. (2006)
Shortwave visual sensitivity in tree and flying squirrels reflects changes in lifestyle.
GP00000768
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
F86Y
Rodentia
rodent - (order)
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species)
opsin - (SWS1)
Sciurus carolinensis
gray squirrel - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision (UV-shift)
Coding,
SNP
Aves
birds - (class) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Carvalho LS; Cowing JA; Wilkie SE ; et al. (2007)
The molecular evolution of avian ultraviolet- and violet-sensitive visual pigments.
1 Additional References
GP00001694
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
V116L
Vertebrata
vertebrates - (no rank)
Aves
birds - (class) D
opsin - (SWS1)
Aves
birds - (class)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS1)
Color vision (violet-shift)
Coding,
Deletion
Lepidopus fitchi
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tada T; Altun A; Yokoyama S (2009)
Evolutionary replacement of UV vision by violet vision in fish.
GP00001704
OPN1SW
P03999
Physiology
deletion of Phe86 (3-bp deletion)
Actinopterygii
ray-finned fishes - (superclass)
Lepidopus fitchi
(species) D
opsin - (SWS1)
Lepidopus fitchi
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS2)
Color vision (blue- and red-shifts)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Marques DA; Taylor JS; Jones FC ; et al. (2017)
Convergent evolution of SWS2 opsin facilitates adaptive radiation of threespine stickleback into dif[...]
GP00001679
opn1sw2
Q9W6A8
Physiology
2 mutations
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
opsin - (SWS2)
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS2)
Color vision
3 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Cottus gobio
bullhead - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Cowing JA; Poopalasundaram S; Wilkie SE ; et al. (2002)
Spectral tuning and evolution of short wave-sensitive cone pigments in cottoid fish from Lake Baikal[...]
GP00001771
opn1sw2
Q9W6A8
Physiology
3 mutations
Cottidae
sculpins - (family)
Cottus gobio
bullhead - (species) D
opsin - (SWS2)
Cottus gobio
bullhead - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - (SWS2B)
Color vision
Coding,
SNP
Tramitichromis intermedius
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
O'Quin KE; Schulte JE; Patel Z ; et al. (2012)
Evolution of cichlid vision via trans-regulatory divergence.
GP00001440
opn1sw2
Q9W6A8
Physiology
Ala269Thr causing a 10nm Spectral Sensitivity Shift
Aulonocara baenschi
Nkhomo-benga peacock cichlid - (species)
Tramitichromis intermedius
(species)
opsin - (SWS2B)
Tramitichromis intermedius
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin (LWRh)
Color vision (blue shift)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Limenitis archippus
viceroy - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Frentiu FD; Bernard GD; Cuevas CI ; et al. (2007)
Adaptive evolution of color vision as seen through the eyes of butterflies.
GP00000769
LWRh
E2DZP1
Physiology
2 mutations
Limenitis arthemis
white admiral - (species)
Limenitis archippus
viceroy - (species)
opsin - rhodopsin (LWRh)
Limenitis archippus
viceroy - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin (LWRh)
Color vision (blue shift)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Junonia
buckeyes - (genus)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Frentiu FD; Bernard GD; Cuevas CI ; et al. (2007)
Adaptive evolution of color vision as seen through the eyes of butterflies.
GP00000770
LWRh
E2DZP1
Physiology
2 mutations
Nymphalidae
brushfoots - (family)
Junonia
buckeyes - (genus)
opsin - rhodopsin (LWRh)
Junonia
buckeyes - (genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Color vision
Coding,
Deletion
N
Balaenopteridae
rorquals - (family) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Emerling CA ; et al. (2013)
Rod monochromacy and the coevolution of cetacean retinal opsins.
GP00000771
OPN1LW
P04000
Physiology
22bp deletion including transciption start N
Cetacea
whales - (order)
Balaenopteridae
rorquals - (family) D
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Balaenopteridae
rorquals - (family)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Color vision
Coding,
Deletion
N
Kogia breviceps
pygmy sperm whale - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Emerling CA ; et al. (2013)
Rod monochromacy and the coevolution of cetacean retinal opsins.
GP00000772
OPN1LW
P04000
Physiology
44bp frameshift deletion 9 + possibly GT to CT splice site mutation N
Cetacea
whales - (order)
Kogia breviceps
pygmy sperm whale - (species) D
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Kogia breviceps
pygmy sperm whale - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Color vision
Coding,
Deletion
N
Physeter catodon
sperm whale - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Emerling CA ; et al. (2013)
Rod monochromacy and the coevolution of cetacean retinal opsins.
GP00000773
OPN1LW
P04000
Physiology
1bp + 28bp frameshift deletions N
Cetacea
whales - (order)
Physeter catodon
sperm whale - (species) D
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Physeter catodon
sperm whale - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Color vision
Coding,
Insertion
N
Mesoplodon bidens
Sowerby's beaked whale - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Emerling CA ; et al. (2013)
Rod monochromacy and the coevolution of cetacean retinal opsins.
GP00000774
OPN1LW
P04000
Physiology
4bp frameshift insertion in exon 2 of LWS N
Cetacea
whales - (order)
Mesoplodon bidens
Sowerby's beaked whale - (species) D
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Mesoplodon bidens
Sowerby's beaked whale - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Color vision
Coding,
SNP
Balaenidae
right whales - (family)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Emerling CA ; et al. (2013)
Rod monochromacy and the coevolution of cetacean retinal opsins.
GP00000775
OPN1LW
P04000
Physiology
AG to GG splice site mutation
Cetacea
whales - (order)
Balaenidae
right whales - (family)
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Balaenidae
right whales - (family)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Color vision (blue shift)
Coding,
SNP
Neochromis greenwoodi
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Terai Y; Seehausen O; Sasaki T ; et al. (2006)
Divergent selection on opsins drives incipient speciation in Lake Victoria cichlids.
GP00000776
OPN1LW
P04000
Physiology
Candidate mutations are CS180A and/or I277C (human LWS/MWS numbering)
African cichlids
(no rank)
Neochromis greenwoodi
(species)
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Neochromis greenwoodi
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Color vision (blue shift)
3 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Pundamilia pundamilia
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Seehausen O; Terai Y; Magalhaes IS ; et al. (2008)
Speciation through sensory drive in cichlid fish.
GP00000777
OPN1LW
P04000
Physiology
3 mutations
Pundamilia pundamilia
(species)
Pundamilia pundamilia
(species)
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Pundamilia pundamilia
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Color vision (blue-shift)
Coding,
SNP
Tursiops truncatus
bottlenose dolphin - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Fasick JI; Robsinson PR (1998)
Mechanism of spectral tuning in the dolphin visual pigments.
GP00001703
OPN1LW
P04000
Physiology
A292S
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Tursiops truncatus
bottlenose dolphin - (species) D
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Tursiops truncatus
bottlenose dolphin - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Color vision
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Yang J; Chen X; Bai J ; et al. (2016)
The Sinocyclocheilus cavefish genome provides insights into cave adaptation.
GP00002353
OPN1LW
P04000
Physiology
Lws2 coding sequence absent from the full genome sequence N
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species)
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species) D
Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
(species) D
opsin - rhodopsin (LWS)
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species)
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species)
Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin (MWS=duplicate of LWS)
Color vision (green-shift)
7 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Catarrhini
(parvorder)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Asenjo AB; Rim J; Oprian DD (1994)
Molecular determinants of human red/green color discrimination.
1 Additional References
GP00000778
OPN1MW
P04001
Physiology
7 mutations
Primates
(order)
Catarrhini
(parvorder)
opsin - rhodopsin (MWS=duplicate of LWS)
Catarrhini
(parvorder)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin (UVRh2)
Color vision (UV-shift)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Heliconius pachinus
(species)
Heliconius erato
crimson-patched longwing - (species)
Heliconius hortense
(species)
Heliconius sapho
(species)
Heliconius charithonia
zebra longwing - (species)
Heliconius melpomene
postman butterfly - (species)
Heliconius elevatus
(species)
Heliconius cydno
(species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Briscoe AD; Bybee SM; Bernard GD ; et al. (2010)
Positive selection of a duplicated UV-sensitive visual pigment coincides with wing pigment evolution[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000779
UVRh2
E2DZL8
Physiology
2 mutations
Nymphalidae
brushfoots - (family)
Heliconius pachinus
(species)
Heliconius erato
crimson-patched longwing - (species)
Heliconius hortense
(species)
Heliconius sapho
(species)
Heliconius charithonia
zebra longwing - (species)
Heliconius melpomene
postman butterfly - (species)
Heliconius elevatus
(species)
Heliconius cydno
(species)
opsin - rhodopsin (UVRh2)
Heliconius pachinus
(species)
Heliconius erato
crimson-patched longwing - (species)
Heliconius hortense
(species)
Heliconius sapho
(species)
Heliconius charithonia
zebra longwing - (species)
Heliconius melpomene
postman butterfly - (species)
Heliconius elevatus
(species)
Heliconius cydno
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (blue shift)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
undetermined Cottoidei 'Lake Baikal'
(species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Hunt DM; Fitzgibbon J; Slobodyanyuk SJ ; et al. (1996)
Spectral tuning and molecular evolution of rod visual pigments in the species flock of cottoid fish [...]
GP00000780
RHO
P08100
Physiology
2 mutations
undetermined Cottoidei 'Lake Baikal'
(species)
undetermined Cottoidei 'Lake Baikal'
(species)
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
undetermined Cottoidei 'Lake Baikal'
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (blue shift)
Coding,
SNP
Megaderma lyra
Indian false vampire - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Sugawara T; Imai H; Nikaido M ; et al. (2010)
Vertebrate rhodopsin adaptation to dim light via rapid meta-II intermediate formation.
GP00000781
RHO
P08100
Physiology
D83N
Chiroptera
bats - (order)
Megaderma lyra
Indian false vampire - (species) D
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Megaderma lyra
Indian false vampire - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (blue shift)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Sebastolobus altivelis
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Yokoyama S; Tada T; Yamato T (2007 Mar-Apr)
Modulation of the absorption maximum of rhodopsin by amino acids in the C-terminus.
1 Additional References
GP00000782
RHO
P08100
Physiology
2 mutations
Teleostei
teleost fishes - (infraclass)
Sebastolobus altivelis
(species) D
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Sebastolobus altivelis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (blue shift)
Coding,
SNP
Flaveria trinervia
(species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Sugawara T; Imai H; Nikaido M ; et al. (2010)
Vertebrate rhodopsin adaptation to dim light via rapid meta-II intermediate formation.
GP00000783
RHO
P08100
Physiology
D83N
Vespertilionidae
common bats - (family)
Flaveria trinervia
(species)
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Flaveria trinervia
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (blue-shift)
Coding,
SNP
Squamata
squamates - (order) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Yokoyama S; Zhang H; Radlwimmer FB ; et al. (1999)
Adaptive evolution of color vision of the Comoran coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae).
1 Additional References
GP00000784
RHO
P08100
Physiology
D83N
Amniota
amniotes - (no rank)
Squamata
squamates - (order) D
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Squamata
squamates - (order)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (blue-shift)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Orcinus orca
killer whale - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Dungan SZ; Kosyakov A; Chang BS (2016)
Spectral Tuning of Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Rhodopsin: Evidence for Positive Selection and Functi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000785
RHO
P08100
Physiology
2 mutations
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Orcinus orca
killer whale - (species) D
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Orcinus orca
killer whale - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (blue-shift)
Coding,
SNP
African cichlids
(no rank)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Sugawara T; Terai Y; Imai H ; et al. (2005)
Parallelism of amino acid changes at the RH1 affecting spectral sensitivity among deep-water cichlid[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000786
RHO
P08100
Physiology
A292S and reversals; many independent cases
African cichlids
(no rank)
African cichlids
(no rank)
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
African cichlids
(no rank)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (blue-shift)
3 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Tursiops truncatus
bottlenose dolphin - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Fasick JI; Robsinson PR (1998)
Mechanism of spectral tuning in the dolphin visual pigments.
2 Additional References
GP00000787
RHO
P08100
Physiology
3 mutations
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Tursiops truncatus
bottlenose dolphin - (species)
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Tursiops truncatus
bottlenose dolphin - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (blue-shift)
Coding,
SNP
Elephantidae
elephants - (family)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Yokoyama S; Takenaka N; Agnew DW ; et al. (2005)
Elephants and human color-blind deuteranopes have identical sets of visual pigments.
1 Additional References
GP00000788
RHO
P08100
Physiology
D83N
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Elephantidae
elephants - (family)
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Elephantidae
elephants - (family)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (blue-shift)
Coding,
SNP
Physeteridae
sperm whales - (family)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Emerling CA ; et al. (2013)
Rod monochromacy and the coevolution of cetacean retinal opsins.
GP00000789
RHO
P08100
Physiology
K195T
Cetacea
whales - (order)
Physeteridae
sperm whales - (family)
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Physeteridae
sperm whales - (family)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (blue-shift)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Latimeria menadoensis
Menado coelacanth - (species) D
Latimeria chalumnae
coelacanth - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Yokoyama S; Tada T (2000)
Adaptive evolution of the African and Indonesian coelacanths to deep-sea environments.
GP00000790
RHO
P08100
Physiology
2 mutations
Teleostei
teleost fishes - (infraclass)
Latimeria menadoensis
Menado coelacanth - (species) D
Latimeria chalumnae
coelacanth - (species) D
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Latimeria menadoensis
Menado coelacanth - (species)
Latimeria chalumnae
coelacanth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (blue-shift)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Cetacea
whales - (order)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Meredith RW; Gatesy J; Emerling CA ; et al. (2013)
Rod monochromacy and the coevolution of cetacean retinal opsins.
GP00000791
RHO
P08100
Physiology
2 mutations
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Cetacea
whales - (order)
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Cetacea
whales - (order)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (red-shift)
Coding,
SNP
Aristostomias scintillans
shiny loosejaw - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Yokoyama S; Tada T; Zhang H ; et al. (2008)
Elucidation of phenotypic adaptations: Molecular analyses of dim-light vision proteins in vertebrate[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000792
RHO
P08100
Physiology
D83N; M183F; M253L; F261Y; T289G; S292I; M317I - all together shift to red (see table S4 of Yokoyama PNAS) - individual changes not tested
Stomiidae
barbeled dragonfishes - (family)
Aristostomias scintillans
shiny loosejaw - (species)
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Aristostomias scintillans
shiny loosejaw - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Color vision (green-shift)
Coding,
SNP
Stomoxys calcitrans
stable fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Olafson PU; Aksoy S; Attardo GM ; et al. (2021)
The genome of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, reveals potential mechanisms underlying reproduct[...]
GP00002535
RHO
P08100
Physiology
Met>Leucine residue present at tuning site 17 which is extremely rare across insect LW opsins. In a survey of over 100 insect LW opsins it was detected only in the two corresponding Rh1 orthologs from M. domestica in addition to one in the distantly related species of thrips (Thysanoptera). The site is residue 17 based on the numbering system developed for butterflies which corresponds to residue 57 in Drosophila Rh1.
Stomoxys calcitrans
stable fly - (species)
Stomoxys calcitrans
stable fly - (species)
opsin - rhodopsin1 (RH1)
Stomoxys calcitrans
stable fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1-A (RH1-A)
Color vision (blue shift)
3 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Conger myriaster
whitespotted conger - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Yokoyama S; Tada T; Zhang H ; et al. (2008)
Elucidation of phenotypic adaptations: Molecular analyses of dim-light vision proteins in vertebrate[...]
GP00000793
RHO
P08100
Physiology
3 mutations
Anguilla japonica
Japanese eel - (species)
Conger myriaster
whitespotted conger - (species) D
opsin - rhodopsin1-A (RH1-A)
Conger myriaster
whitespotted conger - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
opsin - rhodopsin1-B (RH1-B)
Color vision (blue shift)
Coding,
SNP
Anguilla japonica
Japanese eel - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Yokoyama S; Takenaka N; Agnew DW ; et al. (2005)
Elephants and human color-blind deuteranopes have identical sets of visual pigments.
1 Additional References
GP00000794
RHO
P08100
Physiology
D83N
Conger myriaster
whitespotted conger - (species)
Anguilla japonica
Japanese eel - (species) D
opsin - rhodopsin1-B (RH1-B)
Anguilla japonica
Japanese eel - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Or22a
Olfaction
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila sechellia
(species) D
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
Drosophila mauritiana
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Auer TO; Khallaf MA; Silbering AF ; et al. (2020)
Olfactory receptor and circuit evolution promote host specialization.
GP00002183
Or22a
P81909
Physiology
Effect of the mutation tested in a Or22a construct which rescues the Or22a knock-down mutation in D. melanogaster.There are two other amino acid changes that may have an effect as well.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila sechellia
(species) D
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
Drosophila mauritiana
(species) D
Or22a
Drosophila sechellia
(species)
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Drosophila mauritiana
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
OR7D4
Olfaction
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Keller A; Zhuang H; Chi Q ; et al. (2007)
Genetic variation in a human odorant receptor alters odour perception.
1 Additional References
GP00000799
OR7D4
Q8NG98
Physiology
P79L
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
OR7D4
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
OR7D4
Olfaction
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Keller A; Zhuang H; Chi Q ; et al. (2007)
Genetic variation in a human odorant receptor alters odour perception.
GP00000800
OR7D4
Q8NG98
Physiology
R227G
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
OR7D4
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
OR7D4
Olfaction
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Keller A; Zhuang H; Chi Q ; et al. (2007)
Genetic variation in a human odorant receptor alters odour perception.
GP00000801
OR7D4
Q8NG98
Physiology
T133M
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
OR7D4
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
OR7D4
Olfaction
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Keller A; Zhuang H; Chi Q ; et al. (2007)
Genetic variation in a human odorant receptor alters odour perception.
GP00000802
OR7D4
Q8NG98
Physiology
S84N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
OR7D4
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
OR7D4
Olfaction
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Keller A; Zhuang H; Chi Q ; et al. (2007)
Genetic variation in a human odorant receptor alters odour perception.
1 Additional References
GP00000803
OR7D4
Q8NG98
Physiology
R227G
Homininae
(subfamily)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
OR7D4
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
OR7D4
Olfaction
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhuang H; Chien MS; Matsunami H (2009)
Dynamic functional evolution of an odorant receptor for sex-steroid-derived odors in primates.
GP00000804
OR7D4
Q8NG98
Physiology
M273T
Homininae
(subfamily)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
OR7D4
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ore
Taste (fruit)
Coding,
SNP
Cucumis sativus
cucumber - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Qi J; Liu X; Shen D ; et al. (2013)
A genomic variation map provides insights into the genetic basis of cucumber domestication and diver[...]
GP00001390
BCH1
E9JE14
Morphology; Physiology
p.Ala257Asp
Cucumis sativus
cucumber - (species)
Cucumis sativus
cucumber - (species) D
ore
Cucumis sativus
cucumber - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Martinez-Torres D; Chandre F; Williamson MS ; et al. (1998)
Molecular characterization of pyrethroid knockdown resistance (kdr) in the major malaria vector Anop[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000819
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Jones CM; Liyanapathirana M; Agossa FR ; et al. (2012)
Footprints of positive selection associated with a mutation (N1575Y) in the voltage-gated sodium cha[...]
GP00000820
para
P35500
Physiology
N1575Y
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles gambiae
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Anopheles sinensis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tan WL; Wang ZM; Li CX ; et al. (2012)
First report on co-occurrence knockdown resistance mutations and susceptibility to beta-cypermethrin[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000821
para
P35500
Physiology
2 mutations
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Anopheles sinensis
(species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Morin S; Williamson MS; Goodson SJ ; et al. (2002)
Mutations in the Bemisia tabaci para sodium channel gene associated with resistance to a pyrethroid [...]
2 Additional References
GP00000822
para
P35500
Physiology
L925I
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
para (kdr)
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Morin S; Williamson MS; Goodson SJ ; et al. (2002)
Mutations in the Bemisia tabaci para sodium channel gene associated with resistance to a pyrethroid [...]
2 Additional References
GP00000823
para
P35500
Physiology
M918V
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
para (kdr)
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Smith TJ; Lee SH; Ingles PJ ; et al. (1997)
The L1014F point mutation in the house fly Vssc1 sodium channel confers knockdown resistance to pyre[...]
2 Additional References
GP00000824
para
P35500
Physiology
L993F (=L1014F)
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species)
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species) D
para (kdr)
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Liu Z; Valles SM; Dong K (2000)
Novel point mutations in the German cockroach para sodium channel gene are associated with knockdown[...]
2 Additional References
GP00000825
para
P35500
Physiology
C764R (=C785R)
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species)
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species) D
para (kdr)
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Liu Z; Valles SM; Dong K (2000)
Novel point mutations in the German cockroach para sodium channel gene are associated with knockdown[...]
2 Additional References
GP00000826
para
P35500
Physiology
E434K (=E435K)
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species)
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species) D
para (kdr)
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
He H; Chen AC; Davey RB ; et al. (1999)
Identification of a point mutation in the para-type sodium channel gene from a pyrethroid-resistant [...]
1 Additional References
GP00000827
para
P35500
Physiology
F1538I
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species)
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species) D
para (kdr)
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chen L; Zhong D; Zhang D ; et al. (2010)
Molecular ecology of pyrethroid knockdown resistance in Culex pipiens pallens mosquitoes.
1 Additional References
GP00000828
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chen L; Zhong D; Zhang D ; et al. (2010)
Molecular ecology of pyrethroid knockdown resistance in Culex pipiens pallens mosquitoes.
GP00000829
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014S
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Cydia pomonella
codling moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Brun-Barale A; Bouvier JC; Pauron D ; et al. (2005)
Involvement of a sodium channel mutation in pyrethroid resistance in Cydia pomonella L, and developm[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000830
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Cydia pomonella
codling moth - (species)
Cydia pomonella
codling moth - (species) D
para (kdr)
Cydia pomonella
codling moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Guerrero FD; Jamroz RC; Kammlah D ; et al. (1997 Aug-Sep)
Toxicological and molecular characterization of pyrethroid-resistant horn flies, Haematobia irritans[...]
3 Additional References
GP00000831
para
P35500
Physiology
(=M918T)
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species)
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species) D
para (kdr)
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Guerrero FD; Jamroz RC; Kammlah D ; et al. (1997 Aug-Sep)
Toxicological and molecular characterization of pyrethroid-resistant horn flies, Haematobia irritans[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000832
para
P35500
Physiology
L150F (=L1014F)
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species)
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species) D
para (kdr)
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Hyalella azteca
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Weston DP; Poynton HC; Wellborn GA ; et al. (2013)
Multiple origins of pyrethroid insecticide resistance across the species complex of a nontarget aqua[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000839
para
P35500
Physiology
L925I in species D
Hyalella azteca
(species)
Hyalella azteca
(species) D
para (kdr)
Hyalella azteca
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Hyalella azteca
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Weston DP; Poynton HC; Wellborn GA ; et al. (2013)
Multiple origins of pyrethroid insecticide resistance across the species complex of a nontarget aqua[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000840
para
P35500
Physiology
M918L - ATG>CTG
Hyalella azteca
(species)
Hyalella azteca
(species) D
para (kdr)
Hyalella azteca
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rinkevich FD; Du Y; Dong K (2013)
Diversity and Convergence of Sodium Channel Mutations Involved in Resistance to Pyrethroids.
1 Additional References
GP00000841
para
P35500
Physiology
2 mutations
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species)
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species) D
para (kdr)
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Anstead JA; Williamson MS; Eleftherianos I ; et al. (2004)
High-throughput detection of knockdown resistance in Myzus persicae using allelic discriminating qua[...]
GP00000845
para
P35500
Physiology
(=M918T)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
para (kdr)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
3 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Pediculus humanus
human louse - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hodgdon HE; Yoon KS; Previte DJ ; et al. (2010)
Determination of knockdown resistance allele frequencies in global human head louse populations usin[...]
3 Additional References
GP00000846
para
P35500
Physiology
3 mutations
Pediculus humanus
human louse - (species)
Pediculus humanus
human louse - (species) D
para (kdr)
Pediculus humanus
human louse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Sonoda S; Igaki C; Tsumuki H (2008)
Alternatively spliced sodium channel transcripts expressed in field strains of the diamondback moth.
1 Additional References
GP00000848
para
P35500
Physiology
2 mutations
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
para (kdr)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Triatoma infestans
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Fabro J; Sterkel M; Capriotti N ; et al. (2012)
Identification of a point mutation associated with pyrethroid resistance in the para-type sodium cha[...]
GP00000850
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Triatoma infestans
(species)
Triatoma infestans
(species)
para (kdr)
Triatoma infestans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Haddi K; Berger M; Bielza P ; et al. (2012)
Identification of mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in the voltage-gated sodium channe[...]
GP00000851
para
P35500
Physiology
M918T
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
para (kdr)
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Haddi K; Berger M; Bielza P ; et al. (2012)
Identification of mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in the voltage-gated sodium channe[...]
GP00000852
para
P35500
Physiology
T929I
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
para (kdr)
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Haddi K; Berger M; Bielza P ; et al. (2012)
Identification of mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in the voltage-gated sodium channe[...]
GP00000853
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
para (kdr)
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles sinensis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tan WL; Wang ZM; Li CX ; et al. (2012)
First report on co-occurrence knockdown resistance mutations and susceptibility to beta-cypermethrin[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001689
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F; Haplotype H02
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Anopheles sinensis
(species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Verhaeghen K; Van Bortel W; Trung HD ; et al. (2010)
Knockdown resistance in Anopheles vagus, An. sinensis, An. paraliae and An. peditaeniatus population[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001691
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014S; Haplotype H04
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
para (kdr)
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles vagus
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Verhaeghen K; Van Bortel W; Trung HD ; et al. (2010)
Knockdown resistance in Anopheles vagus, An. sinensis, An. paraliae and An. peditaeniatus population[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001692
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014S
Anopheles vagus
(species)
Anopheles vagus
(species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles vagus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles sinensis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Verhaeghen K; Van Bortel W; Trung HD ; et al. (2010)
Knockdown resistance in Anopheles vagus, An. sinensis, An. paraliae and An. peditaeniatus population[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001695
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014S
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Anopheles sinensis
(species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles paraliae
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Verhaeghen K; Van Bortel W; Trung HD ; et al. (2010)
Knockdown resistance in Anopheles vagus, An. sinensis, An. paraliae and An. peditaeniatus population[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001696
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014S
Anopheles paraliae
(species)
Anopheles paraliae
(species)
para (kdr)
Anopheles paraliae
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles sinensis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tan WL; Wang ZM; Li CX ; et al. (2012)
First report on co-occurrence knockdown resistance mutations and susceptibility to beta-cypermethrin[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001699
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F; Haplotype H04
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Anopheles sinensis
(species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Cimex lectularius
bed bug - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Yoon KS; Kwon DH; Strycharz JP ; et al. (2008)
Biochemical and molecular analysis of deltamethrin resistance in the common bed bug (Hemiptera: Cimi[...]
4 Additional References
GP00001859
para
P35500
Physiology
2 mutations
Cimex lectularius
bed bug - (species)
Cimex lectularius
bed bug - (species) D
para (kdr)
Cimex lectularius
bed bug - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
González-Cabrera J; Davies TG; Field LM ; et al. (2013)
An amino acid substitution (L925V) associated with resistance to pyrethroids in Varroa destructor.
1 Additional References
GP00001860
para
P35500
Physiology
L925V
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species)
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species) D
para (kdr)
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
greenhouse whitefly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Karatolos N; Gorman K; Williamson MS ; et al. (2012)
Mutations in the sodium channel associated with pyrethroid resistance in the greenhouse whitefly, Tr[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001861
para
P35500
Physiology
M918L - found in samples from China and Europe
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
greenhouse whitefly - (species)
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
greenhouse whitefly - (species)
para (kdr)
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
greenhouse whitefly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
greenhouse whitefly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Karatolos N; Gorman K; Williamson MS ; et al. (2012)
Mutations in the sodium channel associated with pyrethroid resistance in the greenhouse whitefly, Tr[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001862
para
P35500
Physiology
2 mutations
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
greenhouse whitefly - (species)
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
greenhouse whitefly - (species)
para (kdr)
Trialeurodes vaporariorum
greenhouse whitefly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Hyalella azteca
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Major KM; Weston DP; Lydy MJ ; et al. (2018)
Unintentional exposure to terrestrial pesticides drives widespread and predictable evolution of resi[...]
GP00001863
para
P35500
Physiology
M918L - ATG>TTG - conferred by a TTG codon rather than CTG - The M918L TTG and the M918L CTG were both identified in the Chualar Creek (HighPU) population and have also been identified in populations of the green peach aphid M. persicae (Panini et al., 2015).
Hyalella azteca
(species)
Hyalella azteca
(species)
para (kdr)
Hyalella azteca
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Hyalella azteca
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Major KM; Weston DP; Lydy MJ ; et al. (2018)
Unintentional exposure to terrestrial pesticides drives widespread and predictable evolution of resi[...]
GP00001864
para
P35500
Physiology
L925V
Hyalella azteca
(species)
Hyalella azteca
(species) D
para (kdr)
Hyalella azteca
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Panini M; Anaclerio M; Puggioni V ; et al. (2015)
Presence and impact of allelic variations of two alternative s-kdr mutations, M918T and M918L, in th[...]
3 Additional References
GP00001865
para
P35500
Physiology
M918L
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
para (kdr)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Panini M; Anaclerio M; Puggioni V ; et al. (2015)
Presence and impact of allelic variations of two alternative s-kdr mutations, M918T and M918L, in th[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001866
para
P35500
Physiology
M918L
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
para (kdr)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Ishak IH; Jaal Z; Ranson H ; et al. (2015)
Contrasting patterns of insecticide resistance and knockdown resistance (kdr) in the dengue vectors [...]
2 Additional References
GP00002444
para
P35500
Physiology
V1016G
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Ishak IH; Jaal Z; Ranson H ; et al. (2015)
Contrasting patterns of insecticide resistance and knockdown resistance (kdr) in the dengue vectors [...]
1 Additional References
GP00002445
para
P35500
Physiology
F1534C
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
3 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Plernsub S; Saingamsook J; Yanola J ; et al. (2016)
Additive effect of knockdown resistance mutations, S989P, V1016G and F1534C, in a heterozygous genot[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002446
para
P35500
Physiology
3 mutations
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kasai S; Ng LC; Lam-Phua SG ; et al. (2011)
First detection of a putative knockdown resistance gene in major mosquito vector, Aedes albopictus.
1 Additional References
GP00002447
para
P35500
Physiology
F1534C
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species)
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Phlebotomus argentipes
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Balaska S; Fotakis EA; Chaskopoulou A ; et al. (2021)
Chemical control and insecticide resistance status of sand fly vectors worldwide.
GP00002469
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014S
Phlebotomus argentipes
(species)
Phlebotomus argentipes
(species) D
para (kdr)
Phlebotomus argentipes
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Phlebotomus argentipes
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Balaska S; Fotakis EA; Chaskopoulou A ; et al. (2021)
Chemical control and insecticide resistance status of sand fly vectors worldwide.
GP00002470
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Phlebotomus argentipes
(species)
Phlebotomus argentipes
(species) D
para (kdr)
Phlebotomus argentipes
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Heliothis virescens
tobacco budworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Head DJ; McCaffery AR; Callaghan A (1998)
Novel mutations in the para-homologous sodium channel gene associated with phenotypic expression of [...]
GP00002486
para
P35500
Physiology
2 mutations
Heliothis virescens
tobacco budworm - (species)
Heliothis virescens
tobacco budworm - (species) D
para (kdr)
Heliothis virescens
tobacco budworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Head DJ; McCaffery AR; Callaghan A (1998)
Novel mutations in the para-homologous sodium channel gene associated with phenotypic expression of [...]
GP00002487
para
P35500
Physiology
2 mutations
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species) D
para (kdr)
Helicoverpa armigera
cotton bollworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Haddi K; Tomé HVV; Du Y ; et al. (2017)
Detection of a new pyrethroid resistance mutation (V410L) in the sodium channel of Aedes aegypti: a [...]
1 Additional References
GP00002488
para
P35500
Physiology
2 mutations
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Xu Q; Zhang L; Li T ; et al. (2012)
Evolutionary adaptation of the amino acid and codon usage of the mosquito sodium channel following i[...]
GP00002489
para
P35500
Physiology
3 nonsynonymous A(109)S L(982)F and W(1573)R) and 6 synonymous L(852) G(891) A(1241) D(1245) P(1249) and G(1733)) mutations were identified. The co-existence of all 9 mutations and their homozygousity were found to be important factors for high levels of resistance.
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Marshall Kate L; Moran Christopher; Chen Yizhou ; et al. (2012
)
Detection of kdr pyrethroid resistance in the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae), u[...]
2 Additional References
GP00002490
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species) D
para (kdr)
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Liriomyza huidobrensis
pea leafminer - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Davies TG; Field LM; Usherwood PN ; et al. (2007)
DDT, pyrethrins, pyrethroids and insect sodium channels.
GP00002494
para
P35500
Physiology
2 mutations
Liriomyza huidobrensis
pea leafminer - (species)
Liriomyza huidobrensis
pea leafminer - (species) D
para (kdr)
Liriomyza huidobrensis
pea leafminer - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Liriomyza sativae
vegetable leafminer - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Davies TG; Field LM; Usherwood PN ; et al. (2007)
DDT, pyrethrins, pyrethroids and insect sodium channels.
GP00002495
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Liriomyza sativae
vegetable leafminer - (species)
Liriomyza sativae
vegetable leafminer - (species) D
para (kdr)
Liriomyza sativae
vegetable leafminer - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Thrips tabaci
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Toda S; Morishita M (2009)
Identification of three point mutations on the sodium channel gene in pyrethroid-resistant Thrips ta[...]
GP00002496
para
P35500
Physiology
2 mutations
Thrips tabaci
(species)
Thrips tabaci
(species) D
para (kdr)
Thrips tabaci
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Thrips tabaci
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Toda S; Morishita M (2009)
Identification of three point mutations on the sodium channel gene in pyrethroid-resistant Thrips ta[...]
GP00002497
para
P35500
Physiology
T929I
Thrips tabaci
(species)
Thrips tabaci
(species) D
para (kdr)
Thrips tabaci
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Carletto J; Martin T; Vanlerberghe-Masutti F ; et al. (2010)
Insecticide resistance traits differ among and within host races in Aphis gossypii.
GP00002498
para
P35500
Physiology
M918L
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species) D
para (kdr)
Aphis gossypii
cotton aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Hyalella azteca
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Major KM; Weston DP; Lydy MJ ; et al. (2018)
Unintentional exposure to terrestrial pesticides drives widespread and predictable evolution of resi[...]
GP00002499
para
P35500
Physiology
M918L in species B
Hyalella azteca
(species)
Hyalella azteca
(species) D
para (kdr)
Hyalella azteca
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Hyalella azteca
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Major KM; Weston DP; Lydy MJ ; et al. (2018)
Unintentional exposure to terrestrial pesticides drives widespread and predictable evolution of resi[...]
GP00002500
para
P35500
Physiology
M918L in species C
Hyalella azteca
(species)
Hyalella azteca
(species) D
para (kdr)
Hyalella azteca
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Thrips tabaci
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wu M; Gotoh H; Waters T ; et al. (2014)
Identification of an alternative knockdown resistance (kdr)-like mutation, M918L, and a novel mutati[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002501
para
P35500
Physiology
2 mutations
Thrips tabaci
(species)
Thrips tabaci
(species) D
para (kdr)
Thrips tabaci
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Morgan JA; Corley SW; Jackson LA ; et al. (2009)
Identification of a mutation in the para-sodium channel gene of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boop[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002502
para
P35500
Physiology
L925I - Cytosine to adenine mutation at position 190 in the R. microplus sequence AF134216 results in an amino acid substitution from leucine in the susceptible strain to isoleucine in the resistant strain. A similar mutation has been shown to confer SP resistance in the whitefly Bemisia tabaci.
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species)
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species) D
para (kdr)
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Thrips palmi
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bao Wen Xue; Sonoda Shoji (2012
)
Resistance to cypermethrin in melon thrips, Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), is conferred by [...]
GP00002503
para
P35500
Physiology
T929I
Thrips palmi
(species)
Thrips palmi
(species) D
para (kdr)
Thrips palmi
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rinkevich FD; Du Y; Dong K (2013)
Diversity and Convergence of Sodium Channel Mutations Involved in Resistance to Pyrethroids.
1 Additional References
GP00002504
para
P35500
Physiology
T929I
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species)
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species) D
para (kdr)
Leptinotarsa decemlineata
Colorado potato beetle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Sitophilus zeamais
maize weevil - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Araújo RA; Williamson MS; Bass C ; et al. (2011)
Pyrethroid resistance in Sitophilus zeamais is associated with a mutation (T929I) in the voltage-gat[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002505
para
P35500
Physiology
T929I
Sitophilus zeamais
maize weevil - (species)
Sitophilus zeamais
maize weevil - (species) D
para (kdr)
Sitophilus zeamais
maize weevil - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Forcioli D; Frey B; Frey JE (2002)
High nucleotide diversity in the para-like voltage-sensitive sodium channel gene sequence in the wes[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002506
para
P35500
Physiology
T929V
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species)
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species) D
para (kdr)
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Forcioli D; Frey B; Frey JE (2002)
High nucleotide diversity in the para-like voltage-sensitive sodium channel gene sequence in the wes[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002507
para
P35500
Physiology
T929C
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species)
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species) D
para (kdr)
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Forcioli D; Frey B; Frey JE (2002)
High nucleotide diversity in the para-like voltage-sensitive sodium channel gene sequence in the wes[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002508
para
P35500
Physiology
T929I
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species)
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species) D
para (kdr)
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Forcioli D; Frey B; Frey JE (2002)
High nucleotide diversity in the para-like voltage-sensitive sodium channel gene sequence in the wes[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002509
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species)
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species) D
para (kdr)
Frankliniella occidentalis
western flower thrips - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Mavridis K; Papapostolou KM; Ilias A ; et al. (2022)
Next-generation molecular diagnostics (TaqMan qPCR and ddPCR) for monitoring insecticide resistance [...]
2 Additional References
GP00002511
para
P35500
Physiology
T929V
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
para (kdr)
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Ctenocephalides felis
cat flea - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bass C; Schroeder I; Turberg A ; et al. (2004)
Identification of mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in the para-type sodium channel of[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002514
para
P35500
Physiology
T929V
Ctenocephalides felis
cat flea - (species)
Ctenocephalides felis
cat flea - (species) D
para (kdr)
Ctenocephalides felis
cat flea - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Ctenocephalides felis
cat flea - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bass C; Schroeder I; Turberg A ; et al. (2004)
Identification of mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in the para-type sodium channel of[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002515
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Ctenocephalides felis
cat flea - (species)
Ctenocephalides felis
cat flea - (species) D
para (kdr)
Ctenocephalides felis
cat flea - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Jonsson NN; Cutullè C; Corley SW ; et al. (2010)
Identification of a mutation in the para-sodium channel gene of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microp[...]
2 Additional References
GP00002516
para
P35500
Physiology
G72V = G933V - G toT non-synonymous mutation at nucleotide position 214 that results in a glycine to valine substitution (G72V)
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species)
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species) D
para (kdr)
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Lepeophtheirus salmonis
salmon louse - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Fallang A; Denholm I; Horsberg TE ; et al. (2005)
Novel point mutation in the sodium channel gene of pyrethroid-resistant sea lice Lepeophtheirus salm[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002518
para
P35500
Physiology
Q945R in transmembrane segment IIS5
Lepeophtheirus salmonis
salmon louse - (species)
Lepeophtheirus salmonis
salmon louse - (species) D
para (kdr)
Lepeophtheirus salmonis
salmon louse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Brengues C; Hawkes NJ; Chandre F ; et al. (2003)
Pyrethroid and DDT cross-resistance in Aedes aegypti is correlated with novel mutations in the volta[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002519
para
P35500
Physiology
I104M = I1011M
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Saavedra-Rodriguez K; Urdaneta-Marquez L; Rajatileka S ; et al. (2007)
A mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene associated with pyrethroid resistance in Latin A[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002520
para
P35500
Physiology
I1011V
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles stephensi
Asian malaria mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Enayati AA; Vatandoost H; Ladonni H ; et al. (2003)
Molecular evidence for a kdr-like pyrethroid resistance mechanism in the malaria vector mosquito Ano[...]
2 Additional References
GP00002521
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F - one point mutation difference involving a single A-T base change encoding a leucine to phenylalanine amino acid substitution in the pyrethroid-resistant strain.
Anopheles stephensi
Asian malaria mosquito - (species)
Anopheles stephensi
Asian malaria mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles stephensi
Asian malaria mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles stephensi
Asian malaria mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Safi NHZ; Ahmadi AA; Nahzat S ; et al. (2019)
Status of insecticide resistance and its biochemical and molecular mechanisms in Anopheles stephensi[...]
GP00002522
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014S
Anopheles stephensi
Asian malaria mosquito - (species)
Anopheles stephensi
Asian malaria mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles stephensi
Asian malaria mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles subpictus
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Karunaratne SHPP; Hawkes Nicola J; Perera MDB ; et al. (2007
)
Mutated sodium channel genes and elevated monooxygenases are found in pyrethroid resistant populatio[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002523
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F - TTA>TTT
Anopheles subpictus
(species)
Anopheles subpictus
(species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles subpictus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Xu Q; Liu H; Zhang L ; et al. (2005)
Resistance in the mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, and possible mechanisms for resistance.
1 Additional References
GP00002524
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rothwell JT; Morgan JA; James PJ ; et al. (2011)
Mechanism of resistance to synthetic pyrethroids in buffalo flies in south-east Queensland.
1 Additional References
GP00002525
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
D
para (kdr)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Brassicogethes aeneus
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Nauen Ralf; Zimmer Christoph T; Andrews Melanie ; et al. (2012
)
Target-site resistance to pyrethroids in European populations of pollen beetle, Meligethes aeneus F.[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002526
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F - found in individuals from Denmark and Sweden
Brassicogethes aeneus
(species)
Brassicogethes aeneus
(species)
para (kdr)
Brassicogethes aeneus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Sitobion avenae
English grain aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Foster SP; Paul VL; Slater R ; et al. (2014)
A mutation (L1014F) in the voltage-gated sodium channel of the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae, is asso[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002527
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Sitobion avenae
English grain aphid - (species)
Sitobion avenae
English grain aphid - (species) D
para (kdr)
Sitobion avenae
English grain aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Cassanelli S; Cerchiari B; Giannini S ; et al. (2005)
Use of the RFLP-PCR diagnostic test for characterizing MACE and kdr insecticide resistance in the pe[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002528
para
P35500
Physiology
F979S (housefly numbering) located inside the linker segment IIS5-6
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
para (kdr)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles arabiensis
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Stump AD; Atieli FK; Vulule JM ; et al. (2004)
Dynamics of the pyrethroid knockdown resistance allele in western Kenyan populations of Anopheles ga[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002529
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014S
Anopheles arabiensis
(species)
Anopheles arabiensis
(species)
para (kdr)
Anopheles arabiensis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles culicifacies
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Singh OP; Dykes CL; Das MK ; et al. (2010)
Presence of two alternative kdr-like mutations, L1014F and L1014S, and a novel mutation, V1010L, in [...]
GP00002530
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014S
Anopheles culicifacies
(species)
Anopheles culicifacies
(species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles culicifacies
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles culicifacies
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Singh OP; Bali P; Hemingway J ; et al. (2009)
PCR-based methods for the detection of L1014 kdr mutation in Anopheles culicifacies sensu lato.
GP00002531
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Anopheles culicifacies
(species)
Anopheles culicifacies
(species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles culicifacies
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles sacharovi
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lüleyap HU; Alptekin D; Kasap H ; et al. (2002)
Detection of knockdown resistance mutations in Anopheles sacharovi (Diptera: Culicidae) and genetic [...]
2 Additional References
GP00002532
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014S
Anopheles sacharovi
(species)
Anopheles sacharovi
(species)
para (kdr)
Anopheles sacharovi
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles sacharovi
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Yavaşoglu Sİ; Ülger C; Şimşek FM (2021)
The first implementation of allele-specific primers for detecting the knockdown and acetylcholineste[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002533
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Anopheles sacharovi
(species)
Anopheles sacharovi
(species)
para (kdr)
Anopheles sacharovi
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Stomoxys calcitrans
stable fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Olafson PU; Pitzer JB; Kaufman PE (2011)
Identification of a mutation associated with permethrin resistance in the para-type sodium channel o[...]
2 Additional References
GP00002534
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014H
Stomoxys calcitrans
stable fly - (species)
Stomoxys calcitrans
stable fly - (species) D
para (kdr)
Stomoxys calcitrans
stable fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles sinensis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kang S; Jung J; Lee S ; et al. (2012)
The polymorphism and the geographical distribution of the knockdown resistance (kdr) of Anopheles si[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002536
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014C
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Anopheles sinensis
(species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles albimanus
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lol JC; Castellanos ME; Liebman KA ; et al. (2013)
Molecular evidence for historical presence of knock-down resistance in Anopheles albimanus, a key ma[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002537
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014C in Nicaragua and Costa Rica individuals
Anopheles albimanus
(species)
Anopheles albimanus
(species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles albimanus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles albimanus
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lol JC; Castellanos ME; Liebman KA ; et al. (2013)
Molecular evidence for historical presence of knock-down resistance in Anopheles albimanus, a key ma[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002538
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F in Mexico individuals
Anopheles albimanus
(species)
Anopheles albimanus
(species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles albimanus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang ZM; Li CX; Xing D ; et al. (2012)
Detection and widespread distribution of sodium channel alleles characteristic of insecticide resist[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002539
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014C
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Culex pipiens
northern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles sinensis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tan WL; Li CX; Wang ZM ; et al. (2012)
First detection of multiple knockdown resistance (kdr)-like mutations in voltage-gated sodium channe[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002540
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014W
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Anopheles sinensis
(species) D
para (kdr)
Anopheles sinensis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pridgeon Julia W; Appel Arthur G; Moar William J ; et al. (2002
)
Variability of resistance mechanisms in pyrethroid resistant German cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blatte[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002541
para
P35500
Physiology
F999S = F1020S - T to C at nt 2996 resulting in a phenylalanine999 to serine999 amino acid change
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species)
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species) D
para (kdr)
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kwon Deok Ho; Clark J Marshall; Lee Si Hyeock (2010
)
Cloning of a sodium channel gene and identification of mutations putatively associated with fenpropa[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002542
para
P35500
Physiology
L1024V
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
para (kdr)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pittendrigh B; Reenan R; ffrench-Constant RH ; et al. (1997)
Point mutations in the Drosophila sodium channel gene para associated with resistance to DDT and pyr[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002543
para
P35500
Physiology
A1549V = A1410V
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
para (kdr)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pittendrigh B; Reenan R; ffrench-Constant RH ; et al. (1997)
Point mutations in the Drosophila sodium channel gene para associated with resistance to DDT and pyr[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002544
para
P35500
Physiology
A1648V = A1494V
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
para (kdr)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kawada H; Higa Y; Komagata O ; et al. (2009)
Widespread distribution of a newly found point mutation in voltage-gated sodium channel in pyrethroi[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002545
para
P35500
Physiology
F1269C = F1534C
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus cinnabarinus
carmine spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Feng YN; Zhao S; Sun W ; et al. (2011)
The sodium channel gene in Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval): identification and expression analy[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002546
para
P35500
Physiology
F1538I
Tetranychus cinnabarinus
carmine spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus cinnabarinus
carmine spider mite - (species) D
para (kdr)
Tetranychus cinnabarinus
carmine spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tsagkarakou A; Van Leeuwen T; Khajehali J ; et al. (2009)
Identification of pyrethroid resistance associated mutations in the para sodium channel of the two-s[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002547
para
P35500
Physiology
F1538I
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
para (kdr)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pittendrigh B; Reenan R; ffrench-Constant RH ; et al. (1997)
Point mutations in the Drosophila sodium channel gene para associated with resistance to DDT and pyr[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002548
para
P35500
Physiology
M1524I
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
para (kdr)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hubert J; Nesvorna M; Kamler M ; et al. (2014)
Point mutations in the sodium channel gene conferring tau-fluvalinate resistance in Varroa destructo[...]
GP00002549
para
P35500
Physiology
F975L
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species)
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species) D
para (kdr)
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang Ruiwu; Liu Zhiqi; Dong Ke ; et al. (2002
)
Association of novel mutations in a sodium channel gene with fluvalinate resistance in the mite, Var[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002550
para
P35500
Physiology
F1528L+M1823I
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species)
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species) D
para (kdr)
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang Ruiwu; Liu Zhiqi; Dong Ke ; et al. (2002
)
Association of novel mutations in a sodium channel gene with fluvalinate resistance in the mite, Var[...]
GP00002551
para
P35500
Physiology
F758L+L826P+I982V+M1055I = F1528L+L1596P+I1752V+M1823I
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species)
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species) D
para (kdr)
Varroa destructor
honeybee mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Stomoxys calcitrans
stable fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Olafson PU; Kaufman PE; Duvallet G ; et al. (2019)
Frequency of kdr and kdr-his Alleles in Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Populations From the United S[...]
GP00002613
para
P35500
Physiology
L1014F
Stomoxys calcitrans
stable fly - (species)
Stomoxys calcitrans
stable fly - (species) D
para (kdr)
Stomoxys calcitrans
stable fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Singh KS; Cordeiro EMG; Troczka BJ ; et al. (2021)
Global patterns in genomic diversity underpinning the evolution of insecticide resistance in the aph[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002614
para
P35500
Physiology
M918I ATG>ATT
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
para (kdr)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Singh KS; Cordeiro EMG; Troczka BJ ; et al. (2021)
Global patterns in genomic diversity underpinning the evolution of insecticide resistance in the aph[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002615
para
P35500
Physiology
M918I ATG>ATA
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
para (kdr)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kushwah RBS; Kaur T; Dykes CL ; et al. (2020)
A new knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation, F1534L, in the voltage-gated sodium channel of Aedes aegy[...]
GP00002625
para
P35500
Physiology
F1534L - Phe (TTC) > Leu (CTC)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang XL; Su W; Zhang JH ; et al. (2016)
Two novel sodium channel mutations associated with resistance to indoxacarb and metaflumizone in the[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002629
para
P35500
Physiology
F1845Y
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
para (kdr)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang XL; Su W; Zhang JH ; et al. (2016)
Two novel sodium channel mutations associated with resistance to indoxacarb and metaflumizone in the[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002630
para
P35500
Physiology
V1848I
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
para (kdr)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Roditakis E; Mavridis K; Riga M ; et al. (2017)
Identification and detection of indoxacarb resistance mutations in the para sodium channel of the to[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002631
para
P35500
Physiology
V1848I
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
para (kdr)
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Roditakis E; Mavridis K; Riga M ; et al. (2017)
Identification and detection of indoxacarb resistance mutations in the para sodium channel of the to[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002632
para
P35500
Physiology
F1845Y
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
para (kdr)
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Sun H; Kasai S; Scott JG (2017)
Two novel house fly Vssc mutations, D600N and T929I, give rise to new insecticide resistance alleles[...]
GP00002644
para
P35500
Physiology
super-kdr+D600N - super-kdr+D600N confers higher levels of resistance to seven pyrethroids relative to super-kdr.
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
para (kdr)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Sun H; Kasai S; Scott JG (2017)
Two novel house fly Vssc mutations, D600N and T929I, give rise to new insecticide resistance alleles[...]
GP00002645
para
P35500
Physiology
kdr+T929I - addition of T929I to the kdr mutation (L1014F) increased resistance to all pyrethroids (except etofenprox) and enhanced resistance by ~1000-fold to acrinathrin and flumethrin.
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
para (kdr)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wu Y; Liu Q; Qi Y ; et al. (2021)
Knockdown Resistance (kdr) Mutations I1532T and F1534S Were Identified in Aedes albopictus Field Pop[...]
GP00002646
para
P35500
Physiology
F1534S
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species)
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wu Y; Liu Q; Qi Y ; et al. (2021)
Knockdown Resistance (kdr) Mutations I1532T and F1534S Were Identified in Aedes albopictus Field Pop[...]
GP00002647
para
P35500
Physiology
I1532T
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species)
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species) D
para (kdr)
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
para (kdr)
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Fontaine S; Caddoux L; Brazier C ; et al. (2011)
Uncommon associations in target resistance among French populations of Myzus persicae from oilseed r[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002649
para
P35500
Physiology
L932F
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
para (kdr)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Pax3
Coloration (white-spotting ; leucism)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hauswirth R; Jude R; Haase B ; et al. (2013)
Novel variants in the KIT and PAX3 genes in horses with white-spotted coat colour phenotypes.
GP00002253
PAX3
P23760
Morphology
c.95C>G p.Pro32Arg
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Pax3
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pax7a
Coloration (scales)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Labeotropheus trewavasae
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Roberts RB; Moore EC; Kocher TD (2017)
An allelic series at pax7a is associated with colour polymorphism diversity in Lake Malawi cichlid f[...]
GP00001422
Pax7
P47239
Morphology
unknown
Labeotropheus trewavasae
(species)
Labeotropheus trewavasae
(species)
pax7a
Labeotropheus trewavasae
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pax7a
Coloration (scales)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Labeotropheus trewavasae
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Roberts RB; Moore EC; Kocher TD (2017)
An allelic series at pax7a is associated with colour polymorphism diversity in Lake Malawi cichlid f[...]
GP00001423
Pax7
P47239
Morphology
unknown
Labeotropheus trewavasae
(species)
Labeotropheus trewavasae
(species)
pax7a
Labeotropheus trewavasae
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pax7a
Coloration (scales)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Labeotropheus trewavasae
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Roberts RB; Moore EC; Kocher TD (2017)
An allelic series at pax7a is associated with colour polymorphism diversity in Lake Malawi cichlid f[...]
GP00001424
Pax7
P47239
Morphology
unknown
Labeotropheus trewavasae
(species)
Labeotropheus trewavasae
(species)
pax7a
Labeotropheus trewavasae
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pepsinogen A
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ordoñez GR; Hillier LW; Warren WC ; et al. (2008)
Loss of genes implicated in gastric function during platypus evolution.
GP00001911
PGA4
P0DJD7
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Monodelphis domestica
gray short-tailed opossum - (species)
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
pepsinogen A
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pepsinogen A1
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001917
PGA4
P0DJD7
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Gadus morhua
Atlantic cod - (species)
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species) D
pepsinogen A1
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pepsinogen A1
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001924
PGA4
P0DJD7
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species) D
pepsinogen A1
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species)
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pepsinogen A1
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species) D
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001930
PGA4
P0DJD7
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species) D
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species) D
pepsinogen A1
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species)
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pepsinogen A2
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001918
PGA4
P0DJD7
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Gadus morhua
Atlantic cod - (species)
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species) D
pepsinogen A2
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pepsinogen A2
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001925
PGA4
P0DJD7
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species) D
pepsinogen A2
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species)
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pepsinogen A2
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species) D
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001931
PGA4
P0DJD7
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species) D
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species) D
pepsinogen A2
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species)
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pepsinogen A3
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001919
PGA4
P0DJD7
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Gadus morhua
Atlantic cod - (species)
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species) D
pepsinogen A3
Danio rerio
zebrafish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pepsinogen A3
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001926
PGA4
P0DJD7
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species) D
pepsinogen A3
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species)
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pepsinogen A3
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001927
PGA4
P0DJD7
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species) D
pepsinogen A3
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species)
Xiphophorus maculatus
southern platyfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pepsinogen A3
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species) D
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Castro LF; Gonçalves O; Mazan S ; et al. (2014)
Recurrent gene loss correlates with the evolution of stomach phenotypes in gnathostome history.
GP00001932
PGA4
P0DJD7
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Oreochromis niloticus
Nile tilapia - (species)
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species) D
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species) D
pepsinogen A3
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species)
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pepsinogen B
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ordoñez GR; Hillier LW; Warren WC ; et al. (2008)
Loss of genes implicated in gastric function during platypus evolution.
GP00001913
PGB
Q8SQ41
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Monodelphis domestica
gray short-tailed opossum - (species)
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
pepsinogen B
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
pepsinogen C
Digestion (absence of stomach)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Ordoñez GR; Hillier LW; Warren WC ; et al. (2008)
Loss of genes implicated in gastric function during platypus evolution.
GP00001912
PGC
P20142
Physiology
Absence of the gene in the genome sequence - high synteny N
Monodelphis domestica
gray short-tailed opossum - (species)
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species) D
pepsinogen C
Ornithorhynchus anatinus
platypus - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PEPT1
Anti-freezing
Coding,
Unknown
Chionodraco hamatus
Antarctic icefish - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Rizzello A; Romano A; Kottra G ; et al. (2013)
Protein cold adaptation strategy via a unique seven-amino acid domain in the icefish (Chionodraco ha[...]
GP00000858
slc15a1
Q804I3
Physiology
C-terminal (cytosolic) de novo VDMSRKS domain conferring cold resistance
Teleostei
teleost fishes - (infraclass)
Chionodraco hamatus
Antarctic icefish - (species)
PEPT1
Chionodraco hamatus
Antarctic icefish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Period (per)
Locomotor activity (temperature sensitivity)
Coding,
Indel
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Sawyer LA; Hennessy JM; Peixoto AA ; et al. (1997)
Natural variation in a Drosophila clock gene and temperature compensation.
GP00002002
per
P07663
Behavior
repeat (Thr-Gly) either 17 times or 20 times within the protein coding sequence
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Period (per)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PG
Fruit ripening
Coding,
Deletion
N
Capsicum annuum
(species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kim S; Park M; Yeom SI ; et al. (2014)
Genome sequence of the hot pepper provides insights into the evolution of pungency in Capsicum speci[...]
GP00001448
PG
B9VRK6
Physiology
a partial deletion of about 90aa in the C-terminal region N
Solanum lycopersicum
tomato - (species)
Capsicum annuum
(species) D
PG
Capsicum annuum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PG
Fruit ripening
Coding,
SNP
N
Capsicum chinense
(species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kim S; Park M; Yeom SI ; et al. (2014)
Genome sequence of the hot pepper provides insights into the evolution of pungency in Capsicum speci[...]
GP00001449
PG
B9VRK6
Physiology
a point mutation in the 3' splice acceptor site of intron VIII generates a premature stop codon N
Solanum lycopersicum
tomato - (species)
Capsicum chinense
(species) D
PG
Capsicum chinense
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PGRP-LC
Pathogen resistance
Unknown,
Unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Sackton TB; Lazzaro BP; Clark AG (2010)
Genotype and gene expression associations with immune function in Drosophila.
GP00000861
PGRP-LC
Q9GNK5
Physiology
unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
PGRP-LC
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC)
C3-C4 photosynthesis (enzymatic properties)
Coding,
SNP
Alloteropsis
(genus)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Christin PA; Edwards EJ; Besnard G ; et al. (2012)
Adaptive evolution of C(4) photosynthesis through recurrent lateral gene transfer.
GP00000866
PPCA
P30694
Physiology
Haplotype of several candidate a.a. ; lateral gene transfer between convergent C4 species
Alloteropsis
(genus)
Alloteropsis
(genus)
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC)
Alloteropsis
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC)
C3-C4 photosynthesis (enzymatic properties)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
N
Flaveria trinervia
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Bläsing OE; Westhoff P; Svensson P (2000)
Evolution of C4 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in Flaveria, a conserved serine residue in the carbo[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000867
PPCA
P30694
Physiology
2 mutations
Flaveria pringlei
(species)
Flaveria trinervia
(species)
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC)
Flaveria trinervia
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC)
C3-C4 photosynthesis (enzymatic properties)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Flaveria trinervia
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Akyildiz M; Gowik U; Engelmann S ; et al. (2007)
Evolution and function of a cis-regulatory module for mesophyll-specific gene expression in the C4 d[...]
GP00000868
PPCA
P30694
Physiology
insertion of tetranucleotide CACT
Flaveria pringlei
(species)
Flaveria trinervia
(species) D
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC)
Flaveria trinervia
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC)
C3-C4 photosynthesis (enzymatic properties)
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Flaveria trinervia
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Akyildiz M; Gowik U; Engelmann S ; et al. (2007)
Evolution and function of a cis-regulatory module for mesophyll-specific gene expression in the C4 d[...]
GP00000869
PPCA
P30694
Physiology
G->A
Flaveria pringlei
(species)
Flaveria trinervia
(species)
phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC)
Flaveria trinervia
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
phytochrome A (PHYA)
Light sensitivity
Coding,
SNP
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Maloof JN; Borevitz JO; Dabi T ; et al. (2001)
Natural variation in light sensitivity of Arabidopsis.
GP00000870
PHYA
P14712
Physiology
M548T
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
phytochrome A (PHYA)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
phytochrome A (PHYA)
Light sensitivity
High-altitude adaptation
Coding,
Insertion
N
Glycine max
soybean - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Liu B; Kanazawa A; Matsumura H ; et al. (2008)
Genetic redundancy in soybean photoresponses associated with duplication of the phytochrome A gene.
1 Additional References
GP00002104
PHYA
P14712
Physiology
Physiology
insertion of a retrotransposon in exon 1 - The transposable element is SORE-1 = a novel Ty1/copia-like retrotransposon in soybean N
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Glycine max
soybean - (species) D
phytochrome A (PHYA)
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
phytochrome D (PHYD)
Leaf morphology (increased petiole length)
Cotyledon morphology (reduced cotyledon area)
Coloration (anthocyanin accumulation in seedling stems)
Plant size (diminished effect of end-of-day pulse of far red light on hypocotyl elongation)
Plant architecture (decrease in number of rosette leaves at onset of flowering)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Aukerman MJ; Hirschfeld M; Wester L ; et al. (1997)
A deletion in the PHYD gene of the Arabidopsis Wassilewskija ecotype defines a role for phytochrome [...]
GP00000874
PHYD
P42497
Morphology
Morphology
Morphology
Physiology
Morphology
14bp deletion causing premature stop codon N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
phytochrome D (PHYD)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
Deletion
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kerje S; Sharma P; Gunnarsson U ; et al. (2004)
The Dominant white, Dun and Smoky color variants in chicken are associated with insertion/deletion p[...]
GP00000911
PMEL
Q98917
Morphology
deletion of amino acids 731-735
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
PMEL17
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
Deletion
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kerje S; Sharma P; Gunnarsson U ; et al. (2004)
The Dominant white, Dun and Smoky color variants in chicken are associated with insertion/deletion p[...]
GP00000912
PMEL
Q98917
Morphology
deletion of amino acids 280-284
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
PMEL17
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Zhang MQ; Xu X; Luo SJ (2014)
The genetics of brown coat color and white spotting in domestic yaks (Bos grunniens).
GP00001365
PMEL
P40967
Morphology
c.50_52del p.Leu18del in signal peptide
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
PMEL17
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Jolly RD; Wills JL; Kenny JE ; et al. (2008)
Coat-colour dilution and hypotrichosis in Hereford crossbred calves.
GP00002028
PMEL
Q06154
Morphology
3bp deletion - g.57669913_57669915delTTC - c.50_52delTTC - p.Leu19del
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species) D
PMEL17
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos grunniens
domestic yak - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Langevin M; Synkova H; Jancuskova T ; et al. (2018)
Merle phenotypes in dogs - SILV SINE insertions from Mc to Mh.
1 Additional References
GP00002266
Pmel
Q60696
Morphology
Allele of the Merle SINE insertaiion : Mc (208-230bp)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
PMEL17
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Langevin M; Synkova H; Jancuskova T ; et al. (2018)
Merle phenotypes in dogs - SILV SINE insertions from Mc to Mh.
1 Additional References
GP00002267
Pmel
Q60696
Morphology
Allele of the Merle SINE insertion : Mc+ (231-245bp)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
PMEL17
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Langevin M; Synkova H; Jancuskova T ; et al. (2018)
Merle phenotypes in dogs - SILV SINE insertions from Mc to Mh.
1 Additional References
GP00002268
Pmel
Q60696
Morphology
Allele of the Merle SINE insertion : Ma (247-254bp)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
PMEL17
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Langevin M; Synkova H; Jancuskova T ; et al. (2018)
Merle phenotypes in dogs - SILV SINE insertions from Mc to Mh.
1 Additional References
GP00002269
Pmel
Q60696
Morphology
Allele of the Merle SINE insertion : Ma+ (255-264bp)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
PMEL17
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PMEL17
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Langevin M; Synkova H; Jancuskova T ; et al. (2018)
Merle phenotypes in dogs - SILV SINE insertions from Mc to Mh.
1 Additional References
GP00002270
Pmel
Q60696
Morphology
Allele of the Merle SINE insertion : Mh (269-277bp)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
PMEL17
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Prdm9
Recombination rate (use of recombination hotspots)
Unknown,
Unknown
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Berg IL; Neumann R; Sarbajna S ; et al. (2011)
Variants of the protein PRDM9 differentially regulate a set of human meiotic recombination hotspots [...]
GP00000923
Prdm9
Q96EQ9
Physiology
Various haplotypes
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Prdm9
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
prodynorphin (PDYN)
Neuroendocronological homeostasis
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Rockman MV; Hahn MW; Soranzo N ; et al. (2005)
Ancient and recent positive selection transformed opioid cis-regulation in humans.
1 Additional References
GP00000924
PDYN
P01213
Physiology
up to 5 polymorphisms in 5' regulatory region
Primates
(order)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
prodynorphin (PDYN)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PROG1
Plant architecture
Unknown,
Unknown
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Tan L; Li X; Liu F ; et al. (2008)
Control of a key transition from prostrate to erect growth in rice domestication.
2 Additional References
GP00000925
PROG1
Q69NY0
Morphology
Various
Oryza rufipogon
(species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
PROG1
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Prolactin (deciduous Prolactin; dPRL)
Gene expression change (quantitative; increase)
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Homininae
(subfamily)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Emera D; Wagner GP (2012)
Transformation of a transposon into a derived prolactin promoter with function during human pregnanc[...]
GP00000926
PRL
P01236
Physiology
Acquisition of enhancer activity in transposons via several base-pair substitutions
Primates
(order)
Homininae
(subfamily)
Prolactin (deciduous Prolactin; dPRL)
Homininae
(subfamily)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Prolactin receptor
Milk yield
Coding,
SNP
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Viitala S; Szyda J; Blott S ; et al. (2006)
The role of the bovine growth hormone receptor and prolactin receptor genes in milk, fat and protein[...]
GP00000927
PRLR
P16471
Physiology
Ser18Asn
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Prolactin receptor
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
prophenoloxidase 1 (PPO1)
Enzymatic activity
Unknown,
Unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Asada N (1997)
Genetic variants affecting phenoloxidase activity in Drosophila melanogaster.
GP00002001
Physiology
Exact causing mutation(s) unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
prophenoloxidase 1 (PPO1)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
prophenoloxidase 3 (PPO3)
Immune response (melanotic encapsulation by lamellocytes)
Coding,
SNP
N
Drosophila sechellia
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Dudzic JP; Kondo S; Ueda R ; et al. (2015)
Drosophila innate immunity: regional and functional specialization of prophenoloxidases.
GP00001781
PPO3
Q9W1V6
Physiology
amino acid change at position 48 which converts the terminal glutamine residue of the propeptide region to a stop codon, and is predicted to generate a truncated version of the PPO3 protein N
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Drosophila mauritiana
(species)
Drosophila sechellia
(species) D
prophenoloxidase 3 (PPO3)
Drosophila sechellia
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Prx1 = Mhox = Prrx1
Limb length
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Carollia perspicillata
Seba's short-tailed bat - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Cretekos CJ; Wang Y; Green ED ; et al. (2008)
Regulatory divergence modifies limb length between mammals.
GP00000934
Prrx1
P63013
Morphology
Not identified
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Carollia perspicillata
Seba's short-tailed bat - (species)
Prx1 = Mhox = Prrx1
Carollia perspicillata
Seba's short-tailed bat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PSST
Xenobiotic resistance (METI-I acaricide)
Coding,
SNP
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bajda S; Dermauw W; Panteleri R ; et al. (2017)
A mutation in the PSST homologue of complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) from Tetranychus urti[...]
GP00002635
ND-20
Q9VXK7
Physiology
H92R
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species) D
PSST
Tetranychus urticae
two-spotted spider mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
PSST
Xenobiotic resistance (METI-I acaricide)
Coding,
SNP
Panonychus citri
citrus red mite - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Alavijeh ES; Khajehali J; Snoeck S ; et al. (2020)
Molecular and genetic analysis of resistance to METI-I acaricides in Iranian populations of the citr[...]
GP00002636
ND-20
Q9VXK7
Physiology
H92R
Panonychus citri
citrus red mite - (species)
Panonychus citri
citrus red mite - (species) D
PSST
Panonychus citri
citrus red mite - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ptch1
Limb morphology (skeleton)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Lopez-Rios J; Duchesne A; Speziale D ; et al. (2014)
Attenuated sensing of SHH by Ptch1 underlies evolution of bovine limbs.
GP00001389
Ptch1
Q61115
Morphology
LRM enhancer located between coding exons 15 and 19 at 37 kb of the transcription start site - exact causing mutation(s) unknown - Loss of activity of the LRM enhancer that normally upregulates Ptch1 expression in the limb-bud mesenchyme in response to SHH signalling
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Ptch1
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
qSH1 (REPLUMLESS)
Seed shattering
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Brassicaceae
mustard family - (family)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Arnaud N; Lawrenson T; Østergaard L ; et al. (2011)
The same regulatory point mutation changed seed-dispersal structures in evolution and domestication.
GP00000943
qSH1
Q941S9
Physiology
1bp change
Brassicaceae
mustard family - (family)
Brassicaceae
mustard family - (family)
qSH1 (REPLUMLESS)
Brassicaceae
mustard family - (family)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Rc
Coloration (seed)
Coding,
SNP
N
Oryza glaberrima
African rice - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Gross BL; Steffen FT; Olsen KM (2010)
The molecular basis of white pericarps in African domesticated rice: novel mutations at the Rc gene.
GP00000958
Rc
A7J5U6
Morphology
Premature stop codon in exon 7; Lys>* N
Oryza glaberrima
African rice - (species)
Oryza glaberrima
African rice - (species)
Rc
Oryza glaberrima
African rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Rc
Coloration (seed)
Coding,
SNP
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Sweeney MT; Thomson MJ; Cho YG ; et al. (2007)
Global dissemination of a single mutation conferring white pericarp in rice.
2 Additional References
GP00000960
Rc
A7J5U6
Morphology
substitution; C->A in exon 6; introduces a premature stop codon (Cys>*) that truncates the protein before the bHLH domain N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Rc
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RCO-A/B (Reduced Complexity)
Leaf shape (simplification)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Vlad D; Kierzkowski D; Rast MI ; et al. (2014)
Leaf shape evolution through duplication, regulatory diversification, and loss of a homeobox gene.
GP00000962
RCO
A0A023NDU4
Morphology
Gene deletion N
Arabidopsis
(genus)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
RCO-A/B (Reduced Complexity)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RCR3
Pathogen resistance
Coding,
SNP
Solanum peruvianum
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hörger AC; Ilyas M; Stephan W ; et al. (2012)
Balancing selection at the tomato RCR3 Guardee gene family maintains variation in strength of pathog[...]
GP00000963
Rcr3
Q8S333
Physiology
Candidate amino acid changes are I206K and/or Q222E and/or S330A
Solanum peruvianum
(species)
Solanum peruvianum
(species)
RCR3
Solanum peruvianum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Thompson M; Shotkoski F; ffrench-Constant R (1993)
Cloning and sequencing of the cyclodiene insecticide resistance gene from the yellow fever mosquito [...]
GP00000968
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala302Ser
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Aedes aegypti
yellow fever mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Anopheles arabiensis
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Du W; Awolola TS; Howell P ; et al. (2005)
Independent mutations in the Rdl locus confer dieldrin resistance to Anopheles gambiae and An. arabi[...]
GP00000969
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala302Ser
Anopheles arabiensis
(species)
Anopheles arabiensis
(species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Anopheles arabiensis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Anthony NM; Brown JK; Markham PG ; et al. (1995
)
Molecular analysis of cyclodiene resistance-associated mutations among populations of the sweetpotat[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000971
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
2 mutations
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Bemisia tabaci
(species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Bemisia tabaci
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kaku K; Matsumura F (1994)
Identification of the site of mutation within the M2 region of the GABA receptor of the cyclodiene-r[...]
GP00000972
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala302Ser
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species)
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Blattella germanica
German cockroach - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Ctenocephalides felis
cat flea - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bass C; Schroeder I; Turberg A ; et al. (2004)
Identification of the Rdl mutation in laboratory and field strains of the cat flea, Ctenocephalides [...]
GP00000973
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala302Ser
Ctenocephalides felis
cat flea - (species)
Ctenocephalides felis
cat flea - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Ctenocephalides felis
cat flea - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Ffrench-Constant RH; Rocheleau TA; Steichen JC ; et al. (1993)
A point mutation in a Drosophila GABA receptor confers insecticide resistance.
2 Additional References
GP00000974
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala302Ser - G9155164T
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
resistance to dieldrin
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lee HJ; Rocheleau T; Zhang HG ; et al. (1993)
Expression of a Drosophila GABA receptor in a baculovirus insect cell system. Functional expression [...]
1 Additional References
GP00000975
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala302Ser
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lee HJ; Rocheleau T; Zhang HG ; et al. (1993)
Expression of a Drosophila GABA receptor in a baculovirus insect cell system. Functional expression [...]
1 Additional References
GP00000976
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala302Gly
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Hypothenemus hampei
coffee berry borer - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Brun LO; Stuart J; Gaudichon V ; et al. (1995)
Functional haplodiploidy: a mechanism for the spread of insecticide resistance in an important inter[...]
2 Additional References
GP00000977
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala302Ser
Hypothenemus hampei
coffee berry borer - (species)
Hypothenemus hampei
coffee berry borer - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Hypothenemus hampei
coffee berry borer - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Thompson M; Steichen JC; ffrench-Constant RH (1993)
Conservation of cyclodiene insecticide resistance-associated mutations in insects.
GP00000978
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala302Ser
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Anthony N; Unruh T; Ganser D ; et al. (1998)
Duplication of the Rdl GABA receptor subunit gene in an insecticide-resistant aphid, Myzus persicae.
GP00000979
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala302Gly
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Myzus persicae
green peach aphid - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Periplaneta americana
American cockroach - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Thompson M; Steichen JC; ffrench-Constant RH (1993)
Conservation of cyclodiene insecticide resistance-associated mutations in insects.
GP00000980
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala302Ser
Periplaneta americana
American cockroach - (species)
Periplaneta americana
American cockroach - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Periplaneta americana
American cockroach - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Tribolium castaneum
red flour beetle - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Miyazaki M; Matsumura F; Beeman RW (1995)
DNA sequence and site of mutation of the GABA receptor of cyclodiene-resistant red flour beetle, Tri[...]
1 Additional References
GP00000981
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala302Ser
Tribolium castaneum
red flour beetle - (species)
Tribolium castaneum
red flour beetle - (species)
resistance to dieldrin
Tribolium castaneum
red flour beetle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Le Goff G; Hamon A; Bergé JB ; et al. (2005)
Resistance to fipronil in Drosophila simulans: influence of two point mutations in the RDL GABA rece[...]
GP00001981
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
2 mutations
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Drosophila simulans
(species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
ffrench-Constant RH; Steichen JC; Rocheleau TA ; et al. (1993)
A single-amino acid substitution in a gamma-aminobutyric acid subtype A receptor locus is associated[...]
GP00001982
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala301Ser - The lesion in the RdlMD-RR allele has been described as A302S in print but the amino acid replacement is actually A301S.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Gene Amplification,
Insertion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Remnant EJ; Good RT; Schmidt JM ; et al. (2013)
Gene duplication in the major insecticide target site, Rdl, in Drosophila melanogaster.
GP00002452
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
113-kb duplication containing one WT copy of Rdl and a second copy with two point mutations: an Ala(301) to Ser resistance mutation and Met(360) to Ile replacement. Individuals with this duplication exhibit intermediate dieldrin resistance compared with single copy Ser(301) homozygotes and reduced temperature sensitivity and altered RNA editing associated with the resistant allele. Ectopic recombination between Roo transposable elements is involved in generating this genomic rearrangement. The duplication phenotypes were confirmed by construction of a transgenic artificial duplication integrating the 55.7-kb Rdl locus with a Ser(301) change into an Ala(301) background.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
resistance to dieldrin
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wondji CS; Dabire RK; Tukur Z ; et al. (2011)
Identification and distribution of a GABA receptor mutation conferring dieldrin resistance in the ma[...]
GP00002557
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
2 mutations
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Anopheles funestus
African malaria mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Domingues LN; Guerrero FD; Becker ME ; et al. (2013)
Discovery of the Rdl mutation in association with a cyclodiene resistant population of horn flies, H[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002558
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala301Ser
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species)
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Haematobia irritans
horn fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tantely ML; Tortosa P; Alout H ; et al. (2010)
Insecticide resistance in Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes from La Réu[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002559
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala301Ser
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Culex quinquefasciatus
southern house mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tantely ML; Tortosa P; Alout H ; et al. (2010)
Insecticide resistance in Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes from La Réu[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002560
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
Ala301Ser
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species)
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Aedes albopictus
Asian tiger mosquito - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Laodelphax striatellus
small brown planthopper - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Nakao T; Kawase A; Kinoshita A ; et al. (2011)
The A2'N mutation of the RDL gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor conferring fipronil resistance in Laod[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002561
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
A301N
Laodelphax striatellus
small brown planthopper - (species)
Laodelphax striatellus
small brown planthopper - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Laodelphax striatellus
small brown planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Experimental Evolution
Candidate Gene
Li A; Yang Y; Wu S ; et al. (2006)
Investigation of resistance mechanisms to fipronil in diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).
1 Additional References
GP00002562
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
A302(GGC)--> S302(TCC)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
2 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Sogatella furcifera
white-backed planthopper - (species) D
Experimental Evolution
Candidate Gene
Nakao Toshifumi; Naoi Atsuko; Kawahara Nobuyuki ; et al. (2010
)
Mutation of the GABA receptor associated with fipronil resistance in the whitebacked planthopper, So[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002563
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
2 mutations
Sogatella furcifera
white-backed planthopper - (species)
Sogatella furcifera
white-backed planthopper - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Sogatella furcifera
white-backed planthopper - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Oulema oryzae
rice leaf beetle - (species) D
Experimental Evolution
Candidate Gene
Nakao Toshifumi; Naoi Atsuko; Kawahara Nobuyuki ; et al. (2010
)
Mutation of the GABA receptor associated with fipronil resistance in the whitebacked planthopper, So[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002564
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
A301S
Oulema oryzae
rice leaf beetle - (species)
Oulema oryzae
rice leaf beetle - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Oulema oryzae
rice leaf beetle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Diabrotica virgifera
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang H; Coates BS; Chen H ; et al. (2013)
Role of a γ-aminobutryic acid (GABA) receptor mutation in the evolution and spread of Diabrotica vir[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002566
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
A301S
Diabrotica virgifera
(species)
Diabrotica virgifera
(species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Diabrotica virgifera
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
resistance to dieldrin
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide)
Coding,
SNP
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Hope M; Menzies M; Kemp D (2010)
Identification of a dieldrin resistance-associated mutation in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ([...]
1 Additional References
GP00002567
Rdl
P25123
Physiology
T305L
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species)
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species) D
resistance to dieldrin
Rhipicephalus microplus
southern cattle tick - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Rhodopsin (RH1)
Color vision (blue shift)
Coding,
SNP
Thunnus orientalis
Pacific bluefin tuna - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Nakamura Y; Mori K; Saitoh K ; et al. (2013)
Evolutionary changes of multiple visual pigment genes in the complete genome of Pacific bluefin tuna[...]
GP00001468
rho
P35359
Physiology
p.E122Q (G>C)
Percomorphaceae
(no rank)
Thunnus orientalis
Pacific bluefin tuna - (species) D
Rhodopsin (RH1)
Thunnus orientalis
Pacific bluefin tuna - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ribonuclease 1B (RNase1B)
Optimal enzymatic pH
3 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Pygathrix nemaeus
Red shanked douc langur - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Zhang J (2006)
Parallel adaptive origins of digestive RNases in Asian and African leaf monkeys.
GP00000987
RNASE1B
Q8SPN3
Physiology
3 mutations
Primates
(order)
Pygathrix nemaeus
Red shanked douc langur - (species) D
ribonuclease 1B (RNase1B)
Pygathrix nemaeus
Red shanked douc langur - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
ribonuclease 1B (RNase1B)
Optimal enzymatic pH
3 Mutations:
Coding
SNP
Colobus guereza
mantled guereza - (species)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Zhang J (2006)
Parallel adaptive origins of digestive RNases in Asian and African leaf monkeys.
GP00000988
RNASE1B
Q8SPN3
Physiology
3 mutations
Primates
(order)
Colobus guereza
mantled guereza - (species)
ribonuclease 1B (RNase1B)
Colobus guereza
mantled guereza - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RNASE1B
Folivory (digestion of bacteria at low pH)
Coding,
SNP
Colobus guereza
mantled guereza - (species) D
Piliocolobus badius
western red colobus - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Zhou X; Wang B; Pan Q ; et al. (2014)
Whole-genome sequencing of the snub-nosed monkey provides insights into folivory and evolutionary hi[...]
GP00001412
RNASE1B
Q8SPN3
Physiology
p.Arg39Trp
Macaca mulatta
Rhesus monkey - (species)
Colobus guereza
mantled guereza - (species) D
Piliocolobus badius
western red colobus - (species) D
RNASE1B
Colobus guereza
mantled guereza - (species)
Piliocolobus badius
western red colobus - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RNASE1B
Folivory (digestion of bacteria at low pH)
Coding,
SNP
Rhinopithecus roxellana
golden snub-nosed monkey - (species) D
Nasalis larvatus
proboscis monkey - (species) D
Pygathrix nemaeus
Red shanked douc langur - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Zhou X; Wang B; Pan Q ; et al. (2014)
Whole-genome sequencing of the snub-nosed monkey provides insights into folivory and evolutionary hi[...]
GP00001413
RNASE1B
Q8SPN3
Physiology
p.Arg39Trp
Colobinae
(subfamily)
Rhinopithecus roxellana
golden snub-nosed monkey - (species) D
Nasalis larvatus
proboscis monkey - (species) D
Pygathrix nemaeus
Red shanked douc langur - (species) D
RNASE1B
Rhinopithecus roxellana
golden snub-nosed monkey - (species)
Nasalis larvatus
proboscis monkey - (species)
Pygathrix nemaeus
Red shanked douc langur - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RNASE1B
Folivory (digestion of bacteria at low pH)
Coding,
SNP
Presbytis melalophos
mitred leaf monkey - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Zhou X; Wang B; Pan Q ; et al. (2014)
Whole-genome sequencing of the snub-nosed monkey provides insights into folivory and evolutionary hi[...]
GP00001414
RNASE1B
Q8SPN3
Physiology
p.Arg39Gln
Colobinae
(subfamily)
Presbytis melalophos
mitred leaf monkey - (species) D
RNASE1B
Presbytis melalophos
mitred leaf monkey - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Rp1-D
Pathogen resistance
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Zea mays
(species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Collins N; Drake J; Ayliffe M ; et al. (1999)
Molecular characterization of the maize Rp1-D rust resistance haplotype and its mutants.
2 Additional References
GP00000998
Rp1-D
Q9SWU0
Physiology
Unequal crossing over between paralogues resulting in chimeric gene
Zea mays
(species)
Zea mays
(species)
Rp1-D
Zea mays
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ruby
Coloration (fruit; cold-dependent)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Citrus sinensis
sweet orange - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Butelli E; Licciardello C; Zhang Y ; et al. (2012)
Retrotransposons control fruit-specific, cold-dependent accumulation of anthocyanins in blood orange[...]
GP00001017
Ruby
H6U1F1
Morphology
TE (Tcs2) insertion triggering cold-dependent expression
Citrus
(genus)
Citrus sinensis
sweet orange - (species) D
Ruby
Citrus sinensis
sweet orange - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ruby
Coloration (fruit; cold-dependent)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Citrus sinensis
sweet orange - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Butelli E; Licciardello C; Zhang Y ; et al. (2012)
Retrotransposons control fruit-specific, cold-dependent accumulation of anthocyanins in blood orange[...]
GP00001018
Ruby
H6U1F1
Morphology
TE (Tcs1) insertion triggering cold-dependent expression
Citrus
(genus)
Citrus sinensis
sweet orange - (species) D
Ruby
Citrus sinensis
sweet orange - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ruby
Coloration (fruit; cold-dependent)
Cis-regulatory,
Deletion
Citrus sinensis
sweet orange - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Butelli E; Licciardello C; Zhang Y ; et al. (2012)
Retrotransposons control fruit-specific, cold-dependent accumulation of anthocyanins in blood orange[...]
GP00002106
Ruby
H6U1F1
Morphology
Recombination between the LTRs of the TE (Tcs1) insertion which led to just one LTR. The single LTR still confers responsiveness to cold temperatures. This recombination event results in enhanced expression of Ruby in Maro (I).
Citrus
(genus)
Citrus sinensis
sweet orange - (species) D
Ruby
Citrus sinensis
sweet orange - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RYR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; diamide ; chlorantraniliprole ; flubendiamide)
Coding,
SNP
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Troczka B; Zimmer CT; Elias J ; et al. (2012)
Resistance to diamide insecticides in diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellida[...]
2 Additional References
GP00002433
RyR
Q24498
Physiology
G4946E
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
RYR
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RYR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; diamide ; chlorantraniliprole ; flubendiamide)
Coding,
SNP
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Troczka B; Zimmer CT; Elias J ; et al. (2012)
Resistance to diamide insecticides in diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellida[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002434
RyR
Q24498
Physiology
G4946E due to GGG>GAA
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
RYR
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RYR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; diamide)
Coding,
SNP
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Roditakis E; Steinbach D; Moritz G ; et al. (2017)
Ryanodine receptor point mutations confer diamide insecticide resistance in tomato leafminer, Tuta a[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002435
RyR
Q24498
Physiology
G4903 corresponds to the G4946E mutation site shown to confer diamide resistance in diamondback moth
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
RYR
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RYR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; diamide)
Coding,
SNP
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Roditakis E; Steinbach D; Moritz G ; et al. (2017)
Ryanodine receptor point mutations confer diamide insecticide resistance in tomato leafminer, Tuta a[...]
1 Additional References
GP00002436
RyR
Q24498
Physiology
G4903 corresponds to the G4946E mutation site shown to confer diamide resistance in diamondback moth
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
RYR
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RYR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; diamide)
Coding,
SNP
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Douris V; Papapostolou KM; Ilias A ; et al. (2017)
Investigation of the contribution of RyR target-site mutations in diamide resistance by CRISPR/Cas9 [...]
1 Additional References
GP00002438
RyR
Q24498
Physiology
G4903V corresponds to the G4946E mutation site shown to confer diamide resistance in diamondback moth
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
RYR
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RYR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; diamide)
Coding,
SNP
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Douris V; Papapostolou KM; Ilias A ; et al. (2017)
Investigation of the contribution of RyR target-site mutations in diamide resistance by CRISPR/Cas9 [...]
1 Additional References
GP00002439
RyR
Q24498
Physiology
I4790M
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Tuta absoluta
(species) D
RYR
Tuta absoluta
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RYR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; diamide ; chlorantraniliprole ; flubendiamide)
Coding,
SNP
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Guo L; Liang P; Zhou X ; et al. (2014)
Novel mutations and mutation combinations of ryanodine receptor in a chlorantraniliprole resistant p[...]
GP00002605
RyR
Q24498
Physiology
E1338D Q4594L I4790M)in highly conserved regions of RyR.
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
RYR
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RYR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; diamide ; chlorantraniliprole ; flubendiamide)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Gong W; Yan HH; Gao L ; et al. (2014)
Chlorantraniliprole resistance in the diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae).
GP00002609
RyR
Q24498
Physiology
14 amino acid (Q4546-S4559) deletion. RyR transcript levels are lower in resistant strains than in susceptible strains. N
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species) D
RYR
Plutella xylostella
diamondback moth - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RYR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; diamide ; chlorantraniliprole ; flubendiamide)
Coding,
SNP
Chilo suppressalis
striped riceborer - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Yao R; Zhao DD; Zhang S ; et al. (2017)
Monitoring and mechanisms of insecticide resistance in Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), [...]
1 Additional References
GP00002626
RyR
Q24498
Physiology
G4946E
Chilo suppressalis
striped riceborer - (species)
Chilo suppressalis
striped riceborer - (species) D
RYR
Chilo suppressalis
striped riceborer - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RYR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; diamide ; chlorantraniliprole ; flubendiamide)
Coding,
SNP
Chilo suppressalis
striped riceborer - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wei Y; Yan R; Zhou Q ; et al. (2019)
Monitoring and Mechanisms of Chlorantraniliprole Resistance in Chilo suppressalis (Lepidoptera: Cram[...]
GP00002627
RyR
Q24498
Physiology
I4758M
Chilo suppressalis
striped riceborer - (species)
Chilo suppressalis
striped riceborer - (species) D
RYR
Chilo suppressalis
striped riceborer - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
RYR
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide ; diamide)
Coding,
SNP
Spodoptera exigua
beet armyworm - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zuo YY; Ma HH; Lu WJ ; et al. (2020)
Identification of the ryanodine receptor mutation I4743M and its contribution to diamide insecticide[...]
2 Additional References
GP00002633
RyR
Q24498
Physiology
I4743M - corresponds to I4790M in PxRyR
Spodoptera exigua
beet armyworm - (species)
Spodoptera exigua
beet armyworm - (species) D
RYR
Spodoptera exigua
beet armyworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Mya arenaria
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Bricelj VM; Connell L; Konoki K ; et al. (2005)
Sodium channel mutation leading to saxitoxin resistance in clams increases risk of PSP.
GP00000721
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
E945D
Mya arenaria
(species)
Mya arenaria
(species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Mya arenaria
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Erythrolamprus epinephelus
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
1 Additional References
GP00000724
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
G1569D in DIV domain and D1568S in DIV domain with D1568S supposed to increase the resistance - exact causing mutation(s) unknown
Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus
(species)
Erythrolamprus epinephelus
(species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Erythrolamprus epinephelus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Rhabdophis tigrinus
Tiger keelback - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Feldman CR; Brodie ED; Brodie ED ; et al. (2012)
Constraint shapes convergence in tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels of snakes.
1 Additional References
GP00000725
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
I1555M
Thamnophis elegans
Western terrestrial garter snake - (species)
Rhabdophis tigrinus
Tiger keelback - (species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Rhabdophis tigrinus
Tiger keelback - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Thamnophis atratus
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
1 Additional References
GP00000726
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
D1277E in DIII domain
Thamnophis couchii
(species)
Thamnophis atratus
(species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Thamnophis atratus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Thamnophis atratus
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
1 Additional References
GP00000727
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
D1568N in DIV domain
Thamnophis couchii
(species)
Thamnophis atratus
(species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Thamnophis atratus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Thamnophis couchii
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
1 Additional References
GP00000728
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
M1276T in DIII domain
Thamnophis atratus
(species)
Thamnophis couchii
(species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Thamnophis couchii
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Hebius pryeri
Pryer's keelback - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Feldman CR; Brodie ED; Brodie ED ; et al. (2012)
Constraint shapes convergence in tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels of snakes.
1 Additional References
GP00000729
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
D1227E = D945E in DIII domain
Hebius vibakari
Japanese keelback - (species)
Hebius pryeri
Pryer's keelback - (species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Hebius pryeri
Pryer's keelback - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Geffeney SL; Fujimoto E; Brodie ED ; et al. (2005)
Evolutionary diversification of TTX-resistant sodium channels in a predator-prey interaction.
1 Additional References
GP00000730
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
G1566A in DIV domain
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Geffeney SL; Fujimoto E; Brodie ED ; et al. (2005)
Evolutionary diversification of TTX-resistant sodium channels in a predator-prey interaction.
1 Additional References
GP00000731
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
I1561V in DIV domain
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Geffeney SL; Fujimoto E; Brodie ED ; et al. (2005)
Evolutionary diversification of TTX-resistant sodium channels in a predator-prey interaction.
1 Additional References
GP00000732
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
I1556L and/or D1568N and/or G1569V
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Thamnophis sirtalis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Mantella aurantiaca
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001573
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
C>A p.A446D in DI-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Mantella aurantiaca
(species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Mantella aurantiaca
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Phyllobates terribilis
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001574
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
T>G p.S429A in DI-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Phyllobates terribilis
(species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Phyllobates terribilis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Phyllobates terribilis
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001575
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
A>G p.I433V in DI-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Phyllobates terribilis
(species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Phyllobates terribilis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Dendrobates tinctorius
dyeing poison frog - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001576
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
A>G p.I433V in DI-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Dendrobates tinctorius
dyeing poison frog - (species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Dendrobates tinctorius
dyeing poison frog - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Excidobates captivus
Rio Santiago poison frog - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001577
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
A>G p.I433V in DI-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Excidobates captivus
Rio Santiago poison frog - (species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Excidobates captivus
Rio Santiago poison frog - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Phyllobates terribilis
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001578
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
C>A p.A446D in DI-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Phyllobates terribilis
(species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Phyllobates terribilis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Dendrobates tinctorius
dyeing poison frog - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001579
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
C>A p.A446D in DI-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Dendrobates tinctorius
dyeing poison frog - (species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Dendrobates tinctorius
dyeing poison frog - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Excidobates captivus
Rio Santiago poison frog - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001580
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
CC>AA p.A446E in DI-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Excidobates captivus
Rio Santiago poison frog - (species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Excidobates captivus
Rio Santiago poison frog - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Ameerega parvula
ruby poison frog - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001581
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
C>A p.A446D in DI-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Ameerega parvula
ruby poison frog - (species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Ameerega parvula
ruby poison frog - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Epipedobates
phantasmal poison frogs - (genus) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001582
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
C>A p.A446D in DI-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Epipedobates
phantasmal poison frogs - (genus) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Epipedobates
phantasmal poison frogs - (genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Phyllobates
(genus) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001583
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
G>A p.V1583I in DIV-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Phyllobates
(genus) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Phyllobates
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Dendrobates tinctorius
dyeing poison frog - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001584
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
G>A p.V1583I in DIV-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Dendrobates tinctorius
dyeing poison frog - (species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Dendrobates tinctorius
dyeing poison frog - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Hyloxalus italoi
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001585
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
G>A p.V1583I in DIV-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Hyloxalus italoi
(species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Hyloxalus italoi
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Ameerega
(genus) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001586
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
G>A p.V1583I in DIV-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Ameerega
(genus) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Ameerega
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Silverstoneia flotator
rainforest rocket frog - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001587
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
G>A p.V1583I in DIV-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Silverstoneia flotator
rainforest rocket frog - (species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Silverstoneia flotator
rainforest rocket frog - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Xenobiotic resistance (poison frog alkaloids)
Coding,
SNP
Phyllobates terribilis
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Tarvin RD; Santos JC; O'Connell LA ; et al. (2016)
Convergent Substitutions in a Sodium Channel Suggest Multiple Origins of Toxin Resistance in Poison [...]
GP00001588
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
C>A p.N1584T in DIV-S6 domain
Anura
frogs and toads - (order)
Phyllobates terribilis
(species) D
SCN4A (Nav1.4)
Phyllobates terribilis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4a gene copy)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Venkatesh B; Lu SQ; Dandona N ; et al. (2005)
Genetic basis of tetrodotoxin resistance in pufferfishes.
GP00000722
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
Y401N
Teleostei
teleost fishes - (infraclass)
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species)
SCN4A (Nav1.4a gene copy)
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4a gene copy)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Venkatesh B; Lu SQ; Dandona N ; et al. (2005)
Genetic basis of tetrodotoxin resistance in pufferfishes.
GP00000723
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
Y401C
Teleostei
teleost fishes - (infraclass)
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species)
SCN4A (Nav1.4a gene copy)
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4b gene copy)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Venkatesh B; Lu SQ; Dandona N ; et al. (2005)
Genetic basis of tetrodotoxin resistance in pufferfishes.
1 Additional References
GP00000733
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
E945D
Teleostei
teleost fishes - (infraclass)
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species)
SCN4A (Nav1.4b gene copy)
Tetraodon nigroviridis
spotted green pufferfish - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN4A (Nav1.4b gene copy)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Jost MC; Hillis DM; Lu Y ; et al. (2008)
Toxin-resistant sodium channels: parallel adaptive evolution across a complete gene family.
GP00000734
SCN4A
P35499
Physiology
M1240T
Teleostei
teleost fishes - (infraclass)
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species)
SCN4A (Nav1.4b gene copy)
Takifugu rubripes
torafugu - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN8A (Nav1.6)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Viperidae
(family) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001652
SCN8A
A0A1B0Z7A5
Physiology
I1709V in DIV (2x resistance)
Protobothrops flavoviridis
(species)
Viperidae
(family) D
SCN8A (Nav1.6)
Viperidae
(family)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN8A (Nav1.6)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Micrurus fulvius
eastern coral snake - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001653
SCN8A
A0A1B0Z7H0
Physiology
I1709V in DIV domain (2x resistance)
Naja kaouthia
monocled cobra - (species)
Micrurus fulvius
eastern coral snake - (species) D
SCN8A (Nav1.6)
Micrurus fulvius
eastern coral snake - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN8A (Nav1.6)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Elapsoidea nigra
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001654
SCN8A
A0A1B0Z7G3
Physiology
I1709V in DIV domain (2x resistance)
Naja kaouthia
monocled cobra - (species)
Elapsoidea nigra
(species) D
SCN8A (Nav1.6)
Elapsoidea nigra
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN8A (Nav1.6)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Erythrolamprus epinephelus
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001655
SCN8A
A0A1B0Z7B3
Physiology
G1717M in DIV domain (not tested)
Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus
(species)
Erythrolamprus epinephelus
(species) D
SCN8A (Nav1.6)
Erythrolamprus epinephelus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN8A (Nav1.6)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Lygophis anomalus
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001656
SCN8A
A0A1B0Z7F2
Physiology
V1709I (reversion) in DIV domain (loss of resistance)
Helicops angulatus
(species)
Lygophis anomalus
(species) D
SCN8A (Nav1.6)
Lygophis anomalus
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN8A (Nav1.6)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Natricinae
(subfamily) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001657
SCN8A
A0A1B0Z7B0
Physiology
V1709I (reversion) in DIV (loss of resistance)
Hebius pryeri
Pryer's keelback - (species)
Natricinae
(subfamily) D
SCN8A (Nav1.6)
Natricinae
(subfamily)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Anilios bituberculatus
prong-snouted blind snake - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001643
SCN9A
Q15858
Physiology
M1392A in DIII domain (not tested)
Anolis carolinensis
green anole - (species)
Anilios bituberculatus
prong-snouted blind snake - (species) D
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Anilios bituberculatus
prong-snouted blind snake - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Henophidia
(superfamily) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001644
SCN9A
Q15858
Physiology
M1392T in DIII (15x resistance)
Anolis carolinensis
green anole - (species)
Henophidia
(superfamily) D
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Henophidia
(superfamily)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Chrysemys picta
painted turtle - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001645
SCN9A
Q15858
Physiology
D1393P (most probably E>P) in DIII domain (not tested)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Chrysemys picta
painted turtle - (species) D
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Chrysemys picta
painted turtle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Carphophis
(genus) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001646
SCN9A
Q15858
Physiology
I1677V in DIV (2x resistance)
Diadophis punctatus
Ringneck snake - (species)
Carphophis
(genus) D
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Carphophis
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Chrysemys picta
painted turtle - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001647
SCN9A
Q15858
Physiology
A1681G in DIV domain (1.5x resistance)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Chrysemys picta
painted turtle - (species) D
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Chrysemys picta
painted turtle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Leptotyphlops
(genus) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001648
SCN9A
Q15858
Physiology
A1681G (1.5x resistance) in DIV
Anilios bituberculatus
prong-snouted blind snake - (species)
Leptotyphlops
(genus) D
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Leptotyphlops
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Anolis carolinensis
green anole - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001649
SCN9A
Q15858
Physiology
D1684A (most probably N>A) in DIV domain (150x resistance)
Dopasia gracilis
Burmese glass lizard - (species)
Anolis carolinensis
green anole - (species) D
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Anolis carolinensis
green anole - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Epicrates cenchria
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001650
SCN9A
Q15858
Physiology
D1684H (most probably N>H) in DIV domain (not tested)
Boa constrictor
boa - (species)
Epicrates cenchria
(species) D
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Epicrates cenchria
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Xenobiotic resistance (TTX)
Coding,
SNP
Leptotyphlops
(genus) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
McGlothlin JW; Kobiela ME; Feldman CR ; et al. (2016)
Historical Contingency in a Multigene Family Facilitates Adaptive Evolution of Toxin Resistance.
GP00001651
SCN9A
Q15858
Physiology
G1685Y (not tested) in DIV
Anilios bituberculatus
prong-snouted blind snake - (species)
Leptotyphlops
(genus) D
SCN9A (Nav1.7)
Leptotyphlops
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SCR
Self-incompatibility (loss)
Coding,
Inversion
N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tsuchimatsu T; Suwabe K; Shimizu-Inatsugi R ; et al. (2010)
Evolution of self-compatibility in Arabidopsis by a mutation in the male specificity gene.
1 Additional References
GP00001271
SCRA
P0CG07
Physiology
213 bp inversion causing premature stop N
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species) D
SCR
Arabidopsis thaliana
thale cress - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Sd1 (=GA20ox-2)
Plant size (dwarfism)
Coding,
SNP
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Sasaki A; Ashikari M; Ueguchi-Tanaka M ; et al. (2002)
Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice.
GP00001029
GA20OX2
Q0JH50
Morphology
G94V
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Sd1 (=GA20ox-2)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Sd1 (=GA20ox-2)
Plant size (dwarfism)
Coding,
SNP
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Sasaki A; Ashikari M; Ueguchi-Tanaka M ; et al. (2002)
Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice.
GP00001030
GA20OX2
Q0JH50
Morphology
D349H
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Sd1 (=GA20ox-2)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Sd1 (=GA20ox-2)
Plant size (dwarfism)
Coding,
SNP
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Sasaki A; Ashikari M; Ueguchi-Tanaka M ; et al. (2002)
Green revolution: a mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice.
GP00001031
GA20OX2
Q0JH50
Morphology
L266F
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Sd1 (=GA20ox-2)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Sdic gene cluster
Fertility (sperm competition; sperm competence)
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Nurminsky DI; Nurminskaya MV; De Aguiar D ; et al. (1998)
Selective sweep of a newly evolved sperm-specific gene in Drosophila.
1 Additional References
GP00001032
Sdic1
Q9W5W4
Physiology
Gene duplication
melanogaster subgroup
(species subgroup)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Sdic gene cluster
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SGK3
Hair (hypotrichosis)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Parker HG; Harris A; Dreger DL ; et al. (2017)
The bald and the beautiful: hairlessness in domestic dog breeds.
GP00002262
Sgk3
Q9ERE3
Morphology
Val96GlyfsTer50 deletion that removes four bases (TTAG) within exon 4 ; creating a new protein sequence for 50 amino acids and a premature stop at amino acid 157 N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
SGK3
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SHELL
Fruit shell thickness
Coding,
SNP
Elaeis guineensis
African oil palm - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Singh R; Low ET; Ooi LC ; et al. (2013)
The oil palm SHELL gene controls oil yield and encodes a homologue of SEEDSTICK.
GP00001048
AGL11
Q38836
Morphology
1a.a substitution in DNA binding domain
Elaeis guineensis
African oil palm - (species)
Elaeis guineensis
African oil palm - (species)
SHELL
Elaeis guineensis
African oil palm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
sid-2
Immune response (RNAi efficiency)
Unknown,
Unknown
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Winston WM; Sutherlin M; Wright AJ ; et al. (2007)
Caenorhabditis elegans SID-2 is required for environmental RNA interference.
GP00001051
sid-2
G5EEV9
Physiology
unknown
Caenorhabditis
(genus)
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
sid-2
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SIGLEC13
Pathogen resistance
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang X; Mitra N; Secundino I ; et al. (2012)
Specific inactivation of two immunomodulatory SIGLEC genes during human evolution.
GP00001052
SIGLEC13
Q64JA4
Physiology
Gene deletion by Alu-mediated recombination N
Primates
(order)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
SIGLEC13
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SIGLEC17P (pseudogene)
Pathogen resistance
Coding,
Deletion
N
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Wang X; Mitra N; Secundino I ; et al. (2012)
Specific inactivation of two immunomodulatory SIGLEC genes during human evolution.
GP00001053
SIGLEC13
Q64JA4
Physiology
1bp deletion resulting in frame-shift (pseudogenization) N
Primates
(order)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
SIGLEC17P (pseudogene)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration (albinism)
Cis-regulatory,
Complex Change
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Fukamachi S; Kinoshita M; Tsujimura T ; et al. (2008)
Rescue from oculocutaneous albinism type 4 using medaka slc45a2 cDNA driven by its own promoter.
GP00002287
SLC45A2
Q9UMX9
Morphology
Promoter complex change resulting in loss of expression : an inversion of 167 bp ; an insertion of 48 bp ; and a deletion of 172 bp
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species)
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
SLC45A2=MATP
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration (coat; albinism)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Winkler PA; Gornik KR; Ramsey DT ; et al. (2014)
A partial gene deletion of SLC45A2 causes oculocutaneous albinism in Doberman pinscher dogs.
GP00002296
SLC45A2
Q9UMX9
Morphology
4081 base pair deletion resulting in loss of the terminus of exon seven of SLC45A2 N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
SLC45A2=MATP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration (coat; albinism)
Coding,
SNP
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Wijesena HR; Schmutz SM (2015 May-Jun)
A Missense Mutation in SLC45A2 Is Associated with Albinism in Several Small Long Haired Dog Breeds.
GP00002297
SLC45A2
Q9UMX9
Morphology
c.1478G>A p.G493D N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
SLC45A2=MATP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration (coat; albinism)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Caduff M; Bauer A; Jagannathan V ; et al. (2017)
A single base deletion in the SLC45A2 gene in a Bullmastiff with oculocutaneous albinism.
GP00002298
SLC45A2
Q9UMX9
Morphology
c.1287delC p.Met430CysfsTer4 N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
SLC45A2=MATP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Sevane N; Sanz CR; Dunner S (2019)
Explicit evidence for a missense mutation in exon 4 of SLC45A2 gene causing the pearl coat dilution [...]
GP00002304
SLC45A2
Q9UMX9
Morphology
c.985G>A p.(Ala329Thr)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
SLC45A2=MATP
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Holl HM; Pflug KM; Yates KM ; et al. (2019)
A candidate gene approach identifies variants in SLC45A2 that explain dilute phenotypes, pearl and s[...]
GP00002305
SLC45A2
Q9UMX9
Morphology
c.568G>A p.(Gly190Arg)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
SLC45A2=MATP
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SLC45A2=MATP
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Holl HM; Pflug KM; Yates KM ; et al. (2019)
A candidate gene approach identifies variants in SLC45A2 that explain dilute phenotypes, pearl and s[...]
GP00002306
SLC45A2
Q9UMX9
Morphology
c.305G>A p.(Arg102Gln)
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Equus caballus
horse - (species) D
SLC45A2=MATP
Equus caballus
horse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SOD1
Xenobiotic resistance (paraquat)
Coding,
Insertion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Vontas JG; Tsakas SC; Loukas M ; et al. (2001)
Low-activity allele of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) in Drosophila increases paraquat g[...]
GP00001985
Sod1
P61851
Physiology
Insertion of a 0.68kb truncated P-element 47bp downstream of the transcription start site.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
SOD1
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
spineless (ss)
Color vision (eye; photoreceptor composition)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Anderson C; Reiss I; Zhou C ; et al. (2017)
Natural variation in stochastic photoreceptor specification and color preference in Drosophila.
GP00001987
ss
E1JIM6
Physiology
Single base insertion in the ss regulatory region upstream of the ss transcription start site. The insertion affects the stochastic on/off expression of the ss protein seen in the R7 photoreceptors: the presence of the insertion results in a significant decrease in the ratio of ss expressing to non-expressing R7 cells.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
spineless (ss)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
squalene synthase
Cholesterol metabolism (cholesterol biosynthesis)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Kurzchalia TV; Ward S (2003)
Why do worms need cholesterol?
1 Additional References
GP00001947
FDFT1
P37268
Physiology
gene absent in the genome N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
squalene synthase
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
squalene synthase
Cholesterol metabolism (cholesterol biosynthesis)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Kurzchalia TV; Ward S (2003)
Why do worms need cholesterol?
1 Additional References
GP00001948
FDFT1
P37268
Physiology
gene absent in the genome N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
squalene synthase
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SR-CII
Pathogen resistance
Unknown,
Unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lazzaro BP; Sackton TB; Clark AG (2006)
Genetic variation in Drosophila melanogaster resistance to infection: a comparison across bacteria.
GP00001071
Sr-CII
Q5ELW9
Physiology
unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
SR-CII
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
SRGAP2
Neuronal maturation
Gene Amplification,
Complex Change
Primates
(order)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Charrier C; Joshi K; Coutinho-Budd J ; et al. (2012)
Inhibition of SRGAP2 function by its human-specific paralogs induces neoteny during spine maturation[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001077
Srgap2
Q91Z67
Physiology
Partial duplications (negative alleles)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Primates
(order)
SRGAP2
Primates
(order)
Published - Accepted by Curator
sterol C5 desaturase
Cholesterol metabolism (cholesterol biosynthesis)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Vinci G; Xia X; Veitia RA (2008)
Preservation of genes involved in sterol metabolism in cholesterol auxotrophs: facts and hypotheses.
GP00001953
ERG3
P32353
Physiology
gene absent in the genome N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
sterol C5 desaturase
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
sterol C5 desaturase
Cholesterol metabolism (cholesterol biosynthesis)
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Vinci G; Xia X; Veitia RA (2008)
Preservation of genes involved in sterol metabolism in cholesterol auxotrophs: facts and hypotheses.
GP00001954
ERG3
P32353
Physiology
gene absent in the genome N
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
sterol C5 desaturase
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
str-217
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; DEET)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Dennis EJ; Dobosiewicz M; Jin X ; et al. (2018)
A natural variant and engineered mutation in a GPCR promote DEET resistance in C. elegans.
GP00001783
str-217
Q9XX85
Physiology
deletion that leads to a predicted frame shift and early stop codon - the predicted resulting protein has only one transmembrane domain instead of the 7 transmembrane domains - 138-bp deletion in exon 2 and 3 and intervening intron according to https://www.wormbase.org/species/c_elegans/variation/WBVar02076179#02-45-3 and email from Emily Dennis from 9 March 2019 N
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
str-217
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
str-217
Xenobiotic resistance (insecticide; DEET)
Coding,
SNP
N
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Dennis EJ; Dobosiewicz M; Jin X ; et al. (2018)
A natural variant and engineered mutation in a GPCR promote DEET resistance in C. elegans.
GP00001784
str-217
Q9XX85
Physiology
on chromosome V position 17000292 G>A stop_gained 13C>T - Gln5* N
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species) D
str-217
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
sugary 1 (su1) = isoamylase-type starch-debranching enzymes
Fruit sugar content
Coding,
SNP
Zea mays
(species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Dinges JR; Colleoni C; Myers AM ; et al. (2001)
Molecular structure of three mutations at the maize sugary1 locus and their allele-specific phenotyp[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001082
sugary1
O22637
Physiology
F163L and/or W578R; W738R is more likely to be the mutation responsible as it affect a residue conserved in plants and bacteria
Zea mays
(species)
Zea mays
(species)
sugary 1 (su1) = isoamylase-type starch-debranching enzymes
Zea mays
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Sulfotransferase-OXA-Resistance (SULT-OR)
Xenobiotic resistance (oxamniquine)
Coding,
SNP
Schistosoma mansoni
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Valentim CL; Cioli D; Chevalier FD ; et al. (2013)
Genetic and molecular basis of drug resistance and species-specific drug action in schistosome paras[...]
GP00001472
SULT-OR
G4VLE5
Physiology
F39 Sm > Y54 Sh (T>A) TTT>TAT
Schistosoma mansoni
(species)
Schistosoma mansoni
(species)
Sulfotransferase-OXA-Resistance (SULT-OR)
Schistosoma mansoni
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Svb/ovo
Trichome pattern (larva)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila ezoana
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Frankel N; Wang S; Stern DL (2012)
Conserved regulatory architecture underlies parallel genetic changes and convergent phenotypic evolu[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001086
ovo
P51521
Morphology
unknown
virilis group
(species group)
Drosophila ezoana
(species)
Svb/ovo
Drosophila ezoana
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Taqpep
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Acinonyx jubatus
cheetah - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kaelin CB; Xu X; Hong LZ ; et al. (2012)
Specifying and sustaining pigmentation patterns in domestic and wild cats.
GP00001105
Lvrn
Q2KHK3
Morphology
1bp insertion resulting in frameshift p.N977Kfs110 N
Acinonyx jubatus
cheetah - (species)
Acinonyx jubatus
cheetah - (species) D
Taqpep
Acinonyx jubatus
cheetah - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Taqpep
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kaelin CB; Xu X; Hong LZ ; et al. (2012)
Specifying and sustaining pigmentation patterns in domestic and wild cats.
GP00001106
Lvrn
Q2KHK3
Morphology
D228N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Taqpep
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Taqpep
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kaelin CB; Xu X; Hong LZ ; et al. (2012)
Specifying and sustaining pigmentation patterns in domestic and wild cats.
GP00001107
Lvrn
Q2KHK3
Morphology
S59stop N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Taqpep
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TAS1R1
Taste sensitivity (sugar)
Coding,
Unknown
Calypte anna
Anna's hummingbird - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Baldwin MW; Toda Y; Nakagita T ; et al. (2014)
Sensory biology. Evolution of sweet taste perception in hummingbirds by transformation of the ancest[...]
GP00001307
T1R1
A0A088DBT6
Physiology
unknown
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Calypte anna
Anna's hummingbird - (species) D
TAS1R1
Calypte anna
Anna's hummingbird - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TAS1R1
Taste sensitivity (umami)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Ailurus fulgens
lesser panda - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Hu Y; Wu Q; Ma S ; et al. (2017)
Comparative genomics reveals convergent evolution between the bamboo-eating giant and red pandas.
GP00001415
Tas1r1
Q99PG6
Physiology
1bp deletion (deletion of a C) in the sixth exon; N
Ursus maritimus
polar bear - (species)
Ailurus fulgens
lesser panda - (species) D
TAS1R1
Ailurus fulgens
lesser panda - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TAS1R1
Taste sensitivity (umami)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Ailuropoda melanoleuca
giant panda - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Li R; Fan W; Tian G ; et al. (2010)
The sequence and de novo assembly of the giant panda genome.
2 Additional References
GP00001416
Tas1r1
Q99PG6
Physiology
pseudogene due to three indel mutations in the third and sixth exons. The giant panda has one 2-bp insertion on the third exon and two deletions (6-bp and 4-bp) on the sixth exon, N
Ursus maritimus
polar bear - (species)
Ailuropoda melanoleuca
giant panda - (species) D
TAS1R1
Ailuropoda melanoleuca
giant panda - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TAS1R2
Taste sensitivity (sugar)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Felidae
cat family - (family) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Li X; Li W; Wang H ; et al. (2005)
Pseudogenization of a sweet-receptor gene accounts for cats' indifference toward sugar.
1 Additional References
GP00001109
TAS1R2
Q8TE23
Physiology
247bp deletion in exon 3 and stop codons in exons 4 and 6. N
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Felidae
cat family - (family) D
TAS1R2
Felidae
cat family - (family)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TAS1R3
Taste sensitivity (sugar)
Coding,
SNP
Calypte anna
Anna's hummingbird - (species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Baldwin MW; Toda Y; Nakagita T ; et al. (2014)
Sensory biology. Evolution of sweet taste perception in hummingbirds by transformation of the ancest[...]
GP00001306
T1R3
A0A088DCH0
Physiology
19 nonconsecutive amino acids confer sugar responsiveness and they are confined to three different regions of the protein - change(s) in all 3 regions are required for the acquisition of sugar binding- The exact effect of each single amino acid change has not been tested
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Calypte anna
Anna's hummingbird - (species) D
TAS1R3
Calypte anna
Anna's hummingbird - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TAS2R16
Taste sensitivity (bitter)
Coding,
SNP
Lemur catta
Ring-tailed lemur - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Itoigawa A; Hayakawa T; Suzuki-Hashido N ; et al. (2019)
A natural point mutation in the bitter taste receptor TAS2R16 causes inverse agonism of arbutin in l[...]
GP00001956
Behavior; Physiology
Ser282Leu TCG>TTG
Varecia variegata
ruffed lemur - (species)
Eulemur macaco
black lemur - (species)
Eulemur flavifrons
Sclater's lemur - (species)
Eulemur fulvus
brown lemur - (species)
Lemur catta
Ring-tailed lemur - (species) D
TAS2R16
Lemur catta
Ring-tailed lemur - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TAS2R16
Taste sensitivity (bitter)
Coding,
SNP
Varecia variegata
ruffed lemur - (species) D
Eulemur macaco
black lemur - (species) D
Eulemur fulvus
brown lemur - (species) D
Nycticebus pygmaeus
pygmy slow loris - (species) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Itoigawa A; Hayakawa T; Suzuki-Hashido N ; et al. (2019)
A natural point mutation in the bitter taste receptor TAS2R16 causes inverse agonism of arbutin in l[...]
GP00001957
Behavior; Physiology
Ser282Leu TCG>TTG
Carlito syrichta
Philippine tarsier - (species)
Trachypithecus poliocephalus
White-headed langur - (species)
Varecia variegata
ruffed lemur - (species) D
Eulemur macaco
black lemur - (species) D
Eulemur fulvus
brown lemur - (species) D
Nycticebus pygmaeus
pygmy slow loris - (species) D
TAS2R16
Varecia variegata
ruffed lemur - (species)
Eulemur macaco
black lemur - (species)
Eulemur fulvus
brown lemur - (species)
Nycticebus pygmaeus
pygmy slow loris - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TAS2R38
Taste sensitivity (bitter)
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kim UK; Jorgenson E; Coon H ; et al. (2003)
Positional cloning of the human quantitative trait locus underlying taste sensitivity to phenylthioc[...]
1 Additional References
GP00001111
TAS2R38
P59533
Physiology
P49A and/or A262V and/or V296I
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
TAS2R38
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TAS2R38
Taste sensitivity (bitter)
Coding,
SNP
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Wooding S; Bufe B; Grassi C ; et al. (2006)
Independent evolution of bitter-taste sensitivity in humans and chimpanzees.
GP00001112
TAS2R38
P59533
Physiology
M1R; eliminates start codon; protein initiates at later Met. Protein apparently null for signalling
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
TAS2R38
Pan troglodytes
chimpanzee - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TBXT
Organ size (tail; short)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Buckingham KJ; McMillin MJ; Brassil MM ; et al. (2013)
Multiple mutant T alleles cause haploinsufficiency of Brachyury and short tails in Manx cats.
GP00002290
Tbxt
P20293
Morphology
c.1169delC N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
TBXT
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TBXT
Organ size (tail; short)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Buckingham KJ; McMillin MJ; Brassil MM ; et al. (2013)
Multiple mutant T alleles cause haploinsufficiency of Brachyury and short tails in Manx cats.
GP00002291
Tbxt
P20293
Morphology
c.1199delC N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
TBXT
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TBXT
Organ size (tail; short)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Buckingham KJ; McMillin MJ; Brassil MM ; et al. (2013)
Multiple mutant T alleles cause haploinsufficiency of Brachyury and short tails in Manx cats.
GP00002292
Tbxt
P20293
Morphology
c.998delT N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
TBXT
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TBXT
Organ size (tail; short)
Coding,
Indel
N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Buckingham KJ; McMillin MJ; Brassil MM ; et al. (2013)
Multiple mutant T alleles cause haploinsufficiency of Brachyury and short tails in Manx cats.
GP00002293
Tbxt
P20293
Morphology
c.998_1014dup17delGCC N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
TBXT
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Tehao
Pathogen resistance
Unknown,
Unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lazzaro BP; Sackton TB; Clark AG (2006)
Genetic variation in Drosophila melanogaster resistance to infection: a comparison across bacteria.
GP00001115
Tehao
Q9VJX9
Physiology
unknown
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Tehao
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TFL1/GmTFL1
Growth determination habit
Coding,
SNP
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Tian Z; Wang X; Lee R ; et al. (2010)
Artificial selection for determinate growth habit in soybean.
GP00001122
TFL1
P93003
Physiology
P113L
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
TFL1/GmTFL1
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TFL1/GmTFL1
Growth determination habit
Coding,
SNP
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Tian Z; Wang X; Lee R ; et al. (2010)
Artificial selection for determinate growth habit in soybean.
GP00001123
TFL1
P93003
Physiology
R130K
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
TFL1/GmTFL1
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TFL1/GmTFL1
Growth determination habit
Coding,
SNP
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Tian Z; Wang X; Lee R ; et al. (2010)
Artificial selection for determinate growth habit in soybean.
GP00001124
TFL1
P93003
Physiology
R166W
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
TFL1/GmTFL1
Glycine max
soybean - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
thyroid-stimulating hormone-beta-2
Metabolic rate
Thyroid Hormone (plasma concentration)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Kitano J; Lema SC; Luckenbach JA ; et al. (2010)
Adaptive divergence in the thyroid hormone signaling pathway in the stickleback radiation.
GP00001288
tshba
B3DJU0
Physiology
Physiology
unknown
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species) D
thyroid-stimulating hormone-beta-2
Gasterosteus aculeatus
three-spined stickleback - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
timeless (tim)
Diapause
Locomotor activity
Coding,
Insertion
N
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tauber E; Zordan M; Sandrelli F ; et al. (2007)
Natural selection favors a newly derived timeless allele in Drosophila melanogaster.
1 Additional References
GP00001129
TIMELESS
Q9UNS1
Physiology
Behavior; Physiology
1bp insertion; allows production of longer protein from upstream start codon N
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
timeless (tim)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tra-2
Fertility (self-fertility; hermaphrodite spermatogenesis)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Kuwabara PE (1996)
Interspecies comparison reveals evolution of control regions in the nematode sex-determining gene tr[...]
2 Additional References
GP00001132
tra-2
P34709
Physiology
Tandem duplication of GLD-1 binding sites in 3'UTR; see also fog-2 entry
Caenorhabditis briggsae
(species)
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
tra-2
Caenorhabditis elegans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TRIM5alpha
Pathogen resistance (retroviruses)
Coding,
SNP
Cercopithecidae
Old World monkeys - (family)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Newman RM; Hall L; Connole M ; et al. (2006)
Balancing selection and the evolution of functional polymorphism in Old World monkey TRIM5alpha.
GP00001135
TRIM5
Q9C035
Physiology
several a.a. substitutions with retrovirus-specific activities; under balancing selection in several species
Cercopithecidae
Old World monkeys - (family)
Cercopithecidae
Old World monkeys - (family)
TRIM5alpha
Cercopithecidae
Old World monkeys - (family)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TRIM5alpha-CypA chimeric gene
Pathogen resistance (retroviruses)
Other,
Insertion
Aotus
night monkeys - (genus)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Sayah DM; Sokolskaja E; Berthoux L ; et al. (2004)
Cyclophilin A retrotransposition into TRIM5 explains owl monkey resistance to HIV-1.
1 Additional References
GP00001136
TRIM5
Q9C035
Physiology
LINE-mediated retrotransposition of the CyclophilinA gene between exons 7 and 8 of TRIM5alpha
Platyrrhini
New World monkeys - (parvorder)
Aotus
night monkeys - (genus)
TRIM5alpha-CypA chimeric gene
Aotus
night monkeys - (genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
TRIM5alpha-CypA chimeric gene
Pathogen resistance (retroviruses)
Other,
Insertion
Macaca
macaques - (genus)
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Stoye JP; Yap MW (2008)
Chance favors a prepared genome.
GP00001137
TRIM5
Q9C035
Physiology
LINE-mediated retrotransposition of the CyclophilinA gene into 3'UTR (exon 8) of TRIM5alpha
Cercopithecidae
Old World monkeys - (family)
Macaca
macaques - (genus)
TRIM5alpha-CypA chimeric gene
Macaca
macaques - (genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tryptophan phenylalanine hydroxylase
Enzymatic activity
Coding,
Insertion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Ruiz-Vázquez P; Silva FJ (1999)
Aberrant splicing of the Drosophila melanogaster phenylalanine hydroxylase pre-mRNA caused by the in[...]
GP00002003
Hn
P17276
Physiology
insertion of the transposable element B104/roo in the exon 3 of the Phenylalanine hydroxylase gene. Its presence alters the Phenylalanine hydroxylase splicing pattern; producing at least two aberrant mRNAs which contain part of the B104 sequence interrupting the coding region. This aberrant splicing is provoked by the use of a cryptic donor site encoded by the B104 3' long terminal repeat in combination with either the gene intron 3 acceptor site or a novel acceptor site generated by the target duplication caused by transposition. One of them; referred as mRNA type 1; encodes a truncated protein that could be predictably non-functional. In mRNA type 2; in spite of a 42 nt insertion; the Phenylalanine hydroxylase reading frame is not altered and it would encode for a protein with 14 extra amino acids which would be able to account for the low enzyme activity detected in this mutant.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
tryptophan phenylalanine hydroxylase
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Tva
Pathogen resistance (virus)
Coding,
SNP
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Elleder D; Melder DC; Trejbalova K ; et al. (2004)
Two different molecular defects in the Tva receptor gene explain the resistance of two tvar lines of[...]
GP00002256
tva
Q6JBY7
Physiology
c.120C>G p.C40W
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Tva
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Tva
Pathogen resistance (virus)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Elleder D; Melder DC; Trejbalova K ; et al. (2004)
Two different molecular defects in the Tva receptor gene explain the resistance of two tvar lines of[...]
GP00002257
tva
Q6JBY7
Physiology
c.48insCTCG N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Tva
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Tva
Pathogen resistance (virus)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chen W; Liu Y; Li H ; et al. (2015)
Intronic deletions of tva receptor gene decrease the susceptibility to infection by avian sarcoma an[...]
GP00002258
tva
Q6JBY7
Physiology
c.502_511delCGCTCACCCC N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Tva
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Tva
Pathogen resistance (virus)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Chen W; Liu Y; Li H ; et al. (2015)
Intronic deletions of tva receptor gene decrease the susceptibility to infection by avian sarcoma an[...]
GP00002259
tva
Q6JBY7
Physiology
c.502_516delCGCTCACCCCGCCCC N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Tva
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Tva
Pathogen resistance (virus)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Reinišová M; Plachý J; Trejbalová K ; et al. (2012)
Intronic deletions that disrupt mRNA splicing of the tva receptor gene result in decreased susceptib[...]
GP00002260
tva
Q6JBY7
Physiology
c.506-515del10 ; splicing N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Tva
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Tva
Pathogen resistance (virus)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Reinišová M; Plachý J; Trejbalová K ; et al. (2012)
Intronic deletions that disrupt mRNA splicing of the tva receptor gene result in decreased susceptib[...]
GP00002261
tva
Q6JBY7
Physiology
c.507-511del5 ; splicing N
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Tva
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (skin; coat)
Coding,
SNP
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Utzeri VJ; Bertolini F; Ribani A ; et al. (2016)
The albinism of the feral Asinara white donkeys (Equus asinus) is determined by a missense mutation [...]
GP00001347
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
c.604C>G p.His202Asp
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Equus asinus
ass - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Equus asinus
ass - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
Deletion
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Tobita-Teramoto T; Jang GY; Kino K ; et al. (2000)
Autosomal albino chicken mutation (ca/ca) deletes hexanucleotide (-deltaGACTGG817) at a copper-bindi[...]
GP00002308
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
c.817_822del6 p.237-238delDW
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
Insertion
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Chang CM; Coville JL; Coquerelle G ; et al. (2006)
Complete association between a retroviral insertion in the tyrosinase gene and the recessive white m[...]
GP00002309
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
insertion of a complete avian retroviral sequence in intron 4 causes aberrant transcripts lacking exon 5
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Gallus gallus
chicken - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Indel
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Yu Y; Grahn RA; Lyons LA (2019)
Mocha tyrosinase variant: a new flavour of cat coat coloration.
GP00002311
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
c.820_936delinsAATCTC p.I274_L312delinsNL
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Imes DL; Geary LA; Grahn RA ; et al. (2006)
Albinism in the domestic cat (Felis catus) is associated with a tyrosinase (TYR) mutation.
GP00002312
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
a cytosine deletion in TYR at position 975 in exon 2 N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Abitbol M; Bossé P; Grimard B ; et al. (2017)
Allelic heterogeneity of albinism in the domestic cat.
GP00002313
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
c.1204C>T p.R402* N
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Felis catus
domestic cat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (skin)
Coding,
Deletion
Megaptera novaeangliae
humpback whale - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Polanowski AM; Robinson-Laverick SM; Paton D ; et al. (2012 Jan-Feb)
Variation in the tyrosinase gene associated with a white humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae).
GP00002314
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
(264 del C) at codon 88
Megaptera novaeangliae
humpback whale - (species)
Megaptera novaeangliae
humpback whale - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Megaptera novaeangliae
humpback whale - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Schmutz SM; Berryere TG; Ciobanu DC ; et al. (2004)
A form of albinism in cattle is caused by a tyrosinase frameshift mutation.
GP00002315
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
c.925_926insC N
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Bos taurus
cattle - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Aigner B; Besenfelder U; Müller M ; et al. (2000)
Tyrosinase gene variants in different rabbit strains.
GP00002316
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
c.1118C>A p.T373K (also causes albinism in humans)
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Oryctolagus cuniculus
rabbit - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Yu F; Jiao S; Lai W ; et al. (2018)
Conserved aspartate-to-glycine mutation in tyrosinase is associated with albino phenotype in domesti[...]
GP00002317
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
c.710A>G p.Asp237Gly
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Cavia porcellus
domestic guinea pig - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Bubalus bubalis
water buffalo - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Damé MC; Xavier GM; Oliveira-Filho JP ; et al. (2012)
A nonsense mutation in the tyrosinase gene causes albinism in water buffalo.
GP00002318
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
c.1431G>A p.W477*
Bubalus bubalis
water buffalo - (species)
Bubalus bubalis
water buffalo - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Bubalus bubalis
water buffalo - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Neovison vison
American mink - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Anistoroaei R; Fredholm M; Christensen K ; et al. (2008)
Albinism in the American mink (Neovison vison) is associated with a tyrosinase nonsense mutation.
GP00002319
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
c.138T>A p.C46*
Neovison vison
American mink - (species)
Neovison vison
American mink - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Neovison vison
American mink - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Neovison vison
American mink - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Benkel BF; Rouvinen-Watt K; Farid H ; et al. (2009)
Molecular characterization of the Himalayan mink.
GP00002320
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
c.1835C>G p.H420Q
Neovison vison
American mink - (species)
Neovison vison
American mink - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Neovison vison
American mink - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (skin)
Coding,
SNP
Fejervarya kawamurai
(species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Miura I; Tagami M; Fujitani T ; et al. (2018)
Spontaneous tyrosinase mutations identified in albinos of three wild frog species.
GP00002321
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
c.169G>A p.Gly57Arg
Fejervarya kawamurai
(species)
Fejervarya kawamurai
(species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Fejervarya kawamurai
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (albinism)
Coding,
SNP
N
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Yang J; Chen X; Bai J ; et al. (2016)
The Sinocyclocheilus cavefish genome provides insights into cave adaptation.
GP00002357
Tyr
P11344
Morphology; Physiology
G420R amino acid change which is identical to one identified in Caucasian human patients (G419R) http://www.ifpcs.org/albinism/oca1mut.html N
Sinocyclocheilus grahami
(species)
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (amelanism)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Koga A; Hori H (1997)
Albinism due to transposable element insertion in fish.
GP00002372
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
"i4 allele was found to contain a 4.7- kb transposable element in the 5th exon"
"Tyr-i4 contains a 4.7-kb insertion in exon 5 (Fig. 3). If the inserted fragment was transcribed, the amino acid sequence would be altered after the 469th residue, with a termination codon (UAG) at amino acid position 471. The i4/i4 genotype exhibits a quasi-albino phenotype. This may be explained by generation of a tyrosinase protein that only lacks its C-terminus region. The wild-type tyrosinase has a highly hydrophobic amino acid block at its C terminus (aa 480 - aa 500) which is thought to be part of a membrane spanning domain (Inagaki et al., 1994). A possible explanation is that the mutant tyrosinase encoded by Tyr- i4 lacks this region, so that it cannot be positioned properly on the membrane" N
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species)
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Oryzias latipes
Japanese medaka - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (coat; albinism)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus
(subspecies) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Mae Y; Nagara K; Miyazaki M ; et al. (2020)
Complex intragene deletion leads to oculocutaneous albinism in tanuki (Japanese raccoon dog).
GP00002374
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
"We examined the structure and nucleotide sequence of TYR in an albino tanuki and found that the third exon was removed due to a deletion of approximately 11 kb. In addition, two nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions were found in the fifth exon. These mutations are possible causes of the albino phenotype; however, the order of occurrence is unclear. Even if the 11-kb deletion was not the first of these mutations, it is considered to cause a total loss of the tyrosinase function because the third exon carries codons for one of the two copper-binding sites of tyrosinase and these sites are essential for the enzyme function. Intriguingly, the deletion was not a simple removal of an 11-kb segment: an internal portion was retained as a segment in the reverse orientation. We propose possible formation processes for this mutation that involve multiple DNA scission events, or an inversion followed by a deletion." N
Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus
(subspecies)
Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus
(subspecies) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus
(subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase (TYR)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Cervus elaphus
red deer - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Reiner G; Tramberend K; Nietfeld F ; et al. (2020)
A genome-wide scan study identifies a single nucleotide substitution in the tyrosinase gene associat[...]
GP00002375
Tyr
P11344
Morphology
"a non-synonymous mutation with exchange of a glycine residue at position 291 of the tyrosinase protein by arginine was identified as the cause of dilution of the coat colour"
The mutation is on nucleotide 871 (G > A) but the exact codons are not specified in the paper.
Cervus elaphus
red deer - (species)
Cervus elaphus
red deer - (species) D
tyrosinase (TYR)
Cervus elaphus
red deer - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Schmutz SM; Berryere TG; Goldfinch AD (2002)
TYRP1 and MC1R genotypes and their effects on coat color in dogs.
GP00001146
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
deletion of a proline residue in exon 5 (345delP)
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Schmutz SM; Berryere TG; Goldfinch AD (2002)
TYRP1 and MC1R genotypes and their effects on coat color in dogs.
GP00001147
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
premature stop codon in exon 5 (Q331ter) N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
Deletion
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Wu X; Zhang Y; Shen L ; et al. (2016)
A 6-bp deletion in exon 8 and two mutations in introns of TYRP1 are associated with blond coat color[...]
GP00001327
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
g.17599_17604del 6bp deletion in exon 8 resulting in deletion of Met and Gly residues at positions 495 and 496 in TYRP1 protein ; c.1484_1489del6 p.Met495_Gly496del
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Sus scrofa domesticus
domestic pig - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Schmutz SM; Berryere TG; Goldfinch AD (2002)
TYRP1 and MC1R genotypes and their effects on coat color in dogs.
GP00002233
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
c.121T>A p.Cys41Ser
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
N
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hrckova Turnova E; Majchrakova Z; Bielikova M ; et al. (2017)
A novel mutation in the TYRP1 gene associated with brown coat colour in the Australian Shepherd Dog [...]
GP00002234
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
c.555T>G p.Tyr185* N
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Wright HE; Schofield E; Mellersh CS ; et al. (2019)
A novel TYRP1 variant is associated with liver and tan coat colour in Lancashire Heelers.
GP00002235
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
c.1025T>G p.Phe342Cys
Canis lupus
gray wolf - (species)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Canis lupus familiaris
dog - (subspecies)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (coat)
Coding,
SNP
Capra hircus
goat - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Becker D; Otto M; Ammann P ; et al. (2015)
The brown coat colour of Coppernecked goats is associated with a non-synonymous variant at the TYRP1[...]
GP00002236
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
c.1487G>A p.Gly496Asp
Capra hircus
goat - (species)
Capra hircus
goat - (species) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Capra hircus
goat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (coat)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
N
Neovison vison
American mink - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Cirera S; Markakis MN; Kristiansen T ; et al. (2016)
A large insertion in intron 2 of the TYRP1 gene associated with American Palomino phenotype in Ameri[...]
GP00002241
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
Large insertion in intron 2 resulting in aberrant transcript N
Neovison vison
American mink - (species)
Neovison vison
American mink - (species) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Neovison vison
American mink - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Coloration (feathers)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Falco cherrug
Saker falcon - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Cortimiglia C; Castiglioni B; Pizzi F ; et al. (2017)
Involvement of tyrosinase-related protein 1 gene in the light brown plumage phenotype of Falco cherr[...]
GP00002285
Tyrp1
P07147
Morphology
c.79_80insT in exon 1 resulting in a frameshift change and a premature stop codon at position 81 of the deduced protein sequence ; which in the wild-type form contains 536 amino acids N
Falco cherrug
Saker falcon - (species)
Falco cherrug
Saker falcon - (species) D
tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1)
Falco cherrug
Saker falcon - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Tyrosine hydroxylase
Coloration (body)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Yu HS; Shen YH; Yuan GX ; et al. (2011)
Evidence of selection at melanin synthesis pathway loci during silkworm domestication.
GP00001158
ple
P18459
Morphology
Variation in intron; possibly loss of AbdA binding site
Bombyx mandarina
wild silkworm - (species)
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species) D
Tyrosine hydroxylase
Bombyx mori
domestic silkworm - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (mt-TyrRS)
Hybrid incompatibility (F1 hybrid viability; F1 hybrid sterility)
Coding,
SNP
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Meiklejohn CD; Holmbeck MA; Siddiq MA ; et al. (2013)
An Incompatibility between a mitochondrial tRNA and its nuclear-encoded tRNA synthetase compromises [...]
1 Additional References
GP00001972
TyrRS-m
Q9W107
Physiology
C to T mutation at the base of the anticodon stem, so that G:C becomes G:U in the folded mRNA (see Fig. 1 of Hoekstra et al 2013)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (mt-TyrRS)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Ultrabithorax (Ubx)
Trichome pattern (leg)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Stern DL (1998)
A role of Ultrabithorax in morphological differences between Drosophila species.
GP00001161
Ubx
P83949
Morphology
Not identified
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Ultrabithorax (Ubx)
Drosophila simulans
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)
Thermoregulation (brown adipose tissue)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Sus
(genus) D
Intergeneric or Higher
Candidate Gene
Berg F; Gustafson U; Andersson L (2006)
The uncoupling protein 1 gene (UCP1) is disrupted in the pig lineage: a genetic explanation for poor[...]
GP00001162
Ucp1
P12242
Physiology
deletion of exons 3 to 5 N
Mammalia
mammals - (class)
Sus
(genus) D
Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)
Sus
(genus)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Vkorc1
Xenobiotic resistance (anti-coagulant drug response; warfarin)
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rost S; Fregin A; Ivaskevicius V ; et al. (2004)
Mutations in VKORC1 cause warfarin resistance and multiple coagulation factor deficiency type 2.
2 Additional References
GP00001169
VKORC1
Q9BQB6
Physiology
V29L
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Vkorc1
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Vkorc1
Xenobiotic resistance (anti-coagulant drug response; warfarin)
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rost S; Fregin A; Ivaskevicius V ; et al. (2004)
Mutations in VKORC1 cause warfarin resistance and multiple coagulation factor deficiency type 2.
2 Additional References
GP00001170
VKORC1
Q9BQB6
Physiology
V45A
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Vkorc1
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Vkorc1
Xenobiotic resistance (anti-coagulant drug response; warfarin)
Coding,
SNP
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Rost S; Fregin A; Ivaskevicius V ; et al. (2004)
Mutations in VKORC1 cause warfarin resistance and multiple coagulation factor deficiency type 2.
2 Additional References
GP00001171
VKORC1
Q9BQB6
Physiology
R58G
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Homo sapiens
human - (species) D
Vkorc1
Homo sapiens
human - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Vkorc1
Xenobiotic resistance (rodenticide; warfarin)
Coding,
SNP
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pelz HJ; Rost S; Hünerberg M ; et al. (2005)
The genetic basis of resistance to anticoagulants in rodents.
GP00001172
VKORC1
Q9BQB6
Physiology
L128S
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Vkorc1
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Vkorc1
Xenobiotic resistance (rodenticide; warfarin)
Coding,
SNP
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pelz HJ; Rost S; Hünerberg M ; et al. (2005)
The genetic basis of resistance to anticoagulants in rodents.
GP00001173
VKORC1
Q9BQB6
Physiology
Y139C
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Vkorc1
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Vkorc1
Xenobiotic resistance (rodenticide; warfarin)
Coding,
SNP
Mus spretus
western wild mouse - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Song Y; Endepols S; Klemann N ; et al. (2011)
Adaptive introgression of anticoagulant rodent poison resistance by hybridization between old world [...]
GP00001174
VKORC1
Q9BQB6
Physiology
Several candidate coding changes
Mus musculus
house mouse - (species)
Mus spretus
western wild mouse - (species)
Vkorc1
Mus spretus
western wild mouse - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Vkorc1
Xenobiotic resistance (rodenticide; warfarin)
Coding,
SNP
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pelz HJ; Rost S; Hünerberg M ; et al. (2005)
The genetic basis of resistance to anticoagulants in rodents.
GP00001176
VKORC1
Q9BQB6
Physiology
S56P
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Vkorc1
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Vkorc1
Xenobiotic resistance (rodenticide; warfarin)
Coding,
SNP
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pelz HJ; Rost S; Hünerberg M ; et al. (2005)
The genetic basis of resistance to anticoagulants in rodents.
GP00001177
VKORC1
Q9BQB6
Physiology
L128S
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Vkorc1
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Vkorc1
Xenobiotic resistance (rodenticide; warfarin)
Coding,
SNP
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pelz HJ; Rost S; Hünerberg M ; et al. (2005)
The genetic basis of resistance to anticoagulants in rodents.
GP00001178
VKORC1
Q9BQB6
Physiology
L128Q
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Vkorc1
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Vkorc1
Xenobiotic resistance (rodenticide; warfarin)
Coding,
SNP
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pelz HJ; Rost S; Hünerberg M ; et al. (2005)
The genetic basis of resistance to anticoagulants in rodents.
GP00001179
VKORC1
Q9BQB6
Physiology
L120Q
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Vkorc1
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Vkorc1
Xenobiotic resistance (rodenticide; warfarin)
Coding,
SNP
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Pelz HJ; Rost S; Hünerberg M ; et al. (2005)
The genetic basis of resistance to anticoagulants in rodents.
GP00001180
VKORC1
Q9BQB6
Physiology
Y139S
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Vkorc1
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Vkorc1
Xenobiotic resistance (rodenticide; warfarin)
Coding,
SNP
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Lasseur R; Longin-Sauvageon C; Videmann B ; et al. (2005)
Warfarin resistance in a French strain of rats.
1 Additional References
GP00001181
VKORC1
Q9BQB6
Physiology
Y139F
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Vkorc1
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Vkorc1
Xenobiotic resistance (rodenticide; warfarin)
Coding,
SNP
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Tanaka KD; Kawai YK; Ikenaka Y ; et al. (2013)
A novel mutation in VKORC1 and its effect on enzymatic activity in Japanese warfarin-resistant rats.
GP00001182
VKORC1
Q9BQB6
Physiology
R33P
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Vkorc1
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
VRN1
Flowering time
Cis-regulatory,
Indel
Lolium perenne
(species)
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Asp T; Byrne S; Gundlach H ; et al. (2011)
Comparative sequence analysis of VRN1 alleles of Lolium perenne with the co-linear regions in barley[...]
GP00001183
VRN1
Q8L3W1
Physiology
8.6kb indel in first intron
Lolium perenne
(species)
Lolium perenne
(species)
VRN1
Lolium perenne
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
VRN2
Flowering time
Gene Loss,
Deletion
N
Triticum monococcum
(species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Yan L; Loukoianov A; Blechl A ; et al. (2004)
The wheat VRN2 gene is a flowering repressor down-regulated by vernalization.
GP00001188
VRN2
Q8W5B1
Physiology
Large deletion; complete deletion of ZCCT1 and ZCCT2=VRN2 genes N
Triticum monococcum
(species)
Triticum monococcum
(species) D
VRN2
Triticum monococcum
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
VvMYBA1
Coloration (fruit)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kobayashi S; Goto-Yamamoto N; Hirochika H (2004)
Retrotransposon-induced mutations in grape skin color.
GP00001192
VvmybA1
Q6L973
Morphology
Gret1 retrotransposon insertion
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
VvMYBA1
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
VvMYBA1
Coloration (fruit)
Cis-regulatory,
Deletion
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kobayashi S; Goto-Yamamoto N; Hirochika H (2004)
Retrotransposon-induced mutations in grape skin color.
1 Additional References
GP00001194
VvmybA1
Q6L973
Morphology
Gret1 retrotransposon deletion; leaving behind its 3'-LTR flanked by 5 bp of a duplicated target site
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
VvMYBA1
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
VvMYBA1
Coloration (fruit)
Cis-regulatory,
Deletion
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Ferreira V; Matus JT; Pinto-Carnide O ; et al. (2019)
Genetic analysis of a white-to-red berry skin color reversion and its transcriptomic and metabolic c[...]
GP00002096
VvmybA1
Q6L973
Morphology
partial excision of the Gret1 retrotransposon from the promoter region of the MYBA1 anthocyanin regulator - associated with white-to-red berry skin color reversion
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
VvMYBA1
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
VvMYBA1
Coloration (fruit)
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Shimazaki M; Fujita K; Kobayashi H ; et al. (2011)
Pink-colored grape berry is the result of short insertion in intron of color regulatory gene.
GP00002097
VvmybA1
Q6L973
Morphology
33 bp insertion in the second intron of the MYBA1 red allele which affects messenger RNA (mRNA) stability - 16 bp of the 3' end in the insertion is a key structure for a defect in splicing of MybA1 transcripts
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
VvMYBA1
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
VvMYBA1
Coloration (fruit)
Other,
Deletion
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Azuma A; Kobayashi S; Goto-Yamamoto N ; et al. (2009)
Color recovery in berries of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) 'Benitaka', a bud sport of 'Italia', is cause[...]
GP00002099
VvmybA1
Q6L973
Morphology
homologous recombination between the non-functional allele of MybA1 and the truncated MybA3 gene at their promoter region, resulting in the recovery of MybA1 genomic integrity (and therefore its transcription) on cv. ‘Benitaka’. The VvmybA1 locus of 'Benitaka' is heterozygous for the VvmybA1a allele (non-functional) and a novel VvmybA1(BEN) allele. VvmybA1(BEN) restores VvmybA1 transcripts.
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
VvMYBA1
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
VvMybA1 VvMybA2 VvMybA3 and VvMybA4
Coloration (fruit)
Gene Loss,
Complex Change
N
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Carbonell-Bejerano P; Royo C; Torres-Pérez R ; et al. (2017)
Catastrophic Unbalanced Genome Rearrangements Cause Somatic Loss of Berry Color in Grapevine.
GP00002098
VvmybA3
Q6L9M7
Morphology
catastrophic genome rearrangement: intrachromosomal and interchromosomal translocations and the deletion of 313 genes including the loss of the functional copy for the MYB transcription factors required for anthocyanin pigmentation in the berry skin N
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species) D
VvMybA1 VvMybA2 VvMybA3 and VvMybA4
Vitis vinifera
wine grape - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Waxy /GBSS
Amylose content
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kawase M; Fukunaga K; Kato K (2005)
Diverse origins of waxy foxtail millet crops in East and Southeast Asia mediated by multiple transpo[...]
GP00001198
waxy
Q8L699
Physiology
Transposon insertion TSI-11 (Intron 12)
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species)
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species) D
Waxy /GBSS
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Waxy /GBSS
Amylose content
Cis-regulatory,
Insertion
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kawase M; Fukunaga K; Kato K (2005)
Diverse origins of waxy foxtail millet crops in East and Southeast Asia mediated by multiple transpo[...]
GP00001200
waxy
Q8L699
Physiology
Transposon insertion TSI-10 (Intron 12)
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species)
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species) D
Waxy /GBSS
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Waxy /GBSS
Amylose content
Coding,
Insertion
N
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kawase M; Fukunaga K; Kato K (2005)
Diverse origins of waxy foxtail millet crops in East and Southeast Asia mediated by multiple transpo[...]
GP00001201
waxy
Q8L699
Physiology
Transposon insertion TS1-7 (Exon 3) N
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species)
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species) D
Waxy /GBSS
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Waxy /GBSS
Amylose content
Coding,
Insertion
N
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kawase M; Fukunaga K; Kato K (2005)
Diverse origins of waxy foxtail millet crops in East and Southeast Asia mediated by multiple transpo[...]
GP00001202
waxy
Q8L699
Physiology
Transposon insertion TS1-9 (Exon 10) N
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species)
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species) D
Waxy /GBSS
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Waxy /GBSS
Amylose content
Cis-regulatory,
Deletion
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Kawase M; Fukunaga K; Kato K (2005)
Diverse origins of waxy foxtail millet crops in East and Southeast Asia mediated by multiple transpo[...]
GP00001203
waxy
Q8L699
Physiology
2.4kb deletion (intron 1)
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species)
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species) D
Waxy /GBSS
Setaria italica
foxtail millet - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Waxy /GBSS
Amylose content (glutinous rice)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hori Y; Fujimoto R; Sato Y ; et al. (2007)
A novel wx mutation caused by insertion of a retrotransposon-like sequence in a glutinous cultivar o[...]
GP00002069
waxy
Q8L699
Physiology
23-bp duplication in the second exon which causes loss of the function of granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS) encoded by the Wx gene N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Waxy /GBSS
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Waxy /GBSS
Amylose content (glutinous rice)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Hori Y; Fujimoto R; Sato Y ; et al. (2007)
A novel wx mutation caused by insertion of a retrotransposon-like sequence in a glutinous cultivar o[...]
GP00002070
waxy
Q8L699
Physiology
insertion of 7764 bp in the ninth exon of the wx gene. Transcripts of the 'Oragamochi' wx allele are about 1-kb shorter and the deduced amino acid sequence of the transcript lacks a motif important for GBSS. The 7,764-bp insertion is a retrotransposon-like sequence with long terminal repeats; a primer binding site and a polypurine tract N
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Oryza sativa
rice - (species) D
Waxy /GBSS
Oryza sativa
rice - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
WDR1
Coloration (flowers; seeds; stems)
Coding,
Deletion
N
Ipomoea nil
Japanese morning glory - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Morita Y; Saitoh M; Hoshino A ; et al. (2006)
Isolation of cDNAs for R2R3-MYB, bHLH and WDR transcriptional regulators and identification of c and[...]
GP00002090
InWDR1
Q1JUZ7
Morphology
frameshift mutation caused by a 7 bp insertion in the gene encoding a WDR transcriptional regulator N
Ipomoea nil
Japanese morning glory - (species)
Ipomoea nil
Japanese morning glory - (species) D
WDR1
Ipomoea nil
Japanese morning glory - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
WDR1
Coloration (flowers)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Petunia axillaris
(species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
de Vetten N; Quattrocchio F; Mol J ; et al. (1997)
The an11 locus controlling flower pigmentation in petunia encodes a novel WD-repeat protein conserve[...]
GP00002093
InWDR1
Q1JUZ7
Morphology
insertion of a 300-bp dTph1 transposon in the WDR gene in the first WD-repeat (321-bp downstream of the transcription start site) N
Petunia axillaris
(species)
Petunia axillaris
(species) D
WDR1
Petunia axillaris
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
WIF1
Ear size
Coding,
SNP
Sus scrofa
pig - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Liang J; Zhang Y; Wang L ; et al. (2019)
Molecular cloning of WIF1 and HMGA2 reveals ear-preferential expression while uncovering a missense [...]
GP00002255
WIF1
Q9Y5W5
Morphology
p.Phe236Leu
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Sus scrofa
pig - (species) D
WIF1
Sus scrofa
pig - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
wingless (wg)
Coloration (wing)
3 Mutations:
Cis-regulatory
Unknown
Drosophila guttifera
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Koshikawa S; Giorgianni MW; Vaccaro K ; et al. (2015)
Gain of cis-regulatory activities underlies novel domains of wingless gene expression in Drosophila.
1 Additional References
GP00001384
wg
P09615
Morphology
3 mutations
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila guttifera
(species) D
wingless (wg)
Drosophila guttifera
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
Y
Coloration (fruit)
Coding,
Insertion
Sorghum bicolor
sorghum - (species) D
Domesticated
Candidate Gene
Chopra S; Brendel V; Zhang J ; et al. (1999)
Molecular characterization of a mutable pigmentation phenotype and isolation of the first active tra[...]
GP00002068
P1
O24579
Morphology
insertion of a transposable element named Candystripe1 (Cs1) in the second intron of the Y gene - Cs1 is 23,018 bp in size and is bordered by 20-bp terminal inverted repeat sequences. It generated a 3-bp target site duplication upon insertion within the Y gene. Cs1 shares features of the CACTA superfamily of transposons.
Sorghum bicolor
sorghum - (species)
Sorghum bicolor
sorghum - (species) D
Y
Sorghum bicolor
sorghum - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
yellow
Coloration (abdomen)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila kikkawai
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Jeong S; Rokas A; Carroll SB (2006)
Regulation of body pigmentation by the Abdominal-B Hox protein and its gain and loss in Drosophila e[...]
GP00001220
y
P09957
Morphology
indel and/or SNP located within a cis-regulatory element
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila kikkawai
(species)
yellow
Drosophila kikkawai
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
yellow
Coloration (wing spot)
Cis-regulatory,
SNP
Drosophila gunungcola
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Prud'homme B; Gompel N; Rokas A ; et al. (2006)
Repeated morphological evolution through cis-regulatory changes in a pleiotropic gene.
1 Additional References
GP00001221
y
P09957
Morphology
within a 740bp-element; at least two and no more than seven point mutations involved
Drosophila elegans
(species)
Drosophila gunungcola
(species)
yellow
Drosophila gunungcola
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
yellow
Coloration (wing spot)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila biarmipes
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Gompel N; Prud'homme B; Wittkopp PJ ; et al. (2005)
Chance caught on the wing: cis-regulatory evolution and the origin of pigment patterns in Drosophila[...]
GP00001222
y
P09957
Morphology
wing spot activator element; within a 196bp fragment; sequences required for activation in the spot are located within or overlap with bp 425-453
Drosophila
(subgenus)
Drosophila biarmipes
(species) D
yellow
Drosophila biarmipes
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
yellow
Coloration (wing spot)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila biarmipes
(species) D
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Gompel N; Prud'homme B; Wittkopp PJ ; et al. (2005)
Chance caught on the wing: cis-regulatory evolution and the origin of pigment patterns in Drosophila[...]
GP00001223
y
P09957
Morphology
wing spot repressor element; within a 675-bp fragment;
Drosophila
(subgenus)
Drosophila biarmipes
(species) D
yellow
Drosophila biarmipes
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
yellow
Coloration (wing spot)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila mimetica
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Prud'homme B; Gompel N; Rokas A ; et al. (2006)
Repeated morphological evolution through cis-regulatory changes in a pleiotropic gene.
GP00001224
y
P09957
Morphology
within a 740bp-element
Drosophila
(subgenus)
Drosophila mimetica
(species)
yellow
Drosophila mimetica
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
yellow
Coloration (wing spot)
Cis-regulatory,
Unknown
Drosophila tristis
(species)
Interspecific
Candidate Gene
Prud'homme B; Gompel N; Rokas A ; et al. (2006)
Repeated morphological evolution through cis-regulatory changes in a pleiotropic gene.
GP00001225
y
P09957
Morphology
within a 927 bp-element
Drosophila
(subgenus)
Drosophila tristis
(species)
yellow
Drosophila tristis
(species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
yellow
Coloration (body; wing)
Cis-regulatory,
Inversion
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Zakharenko LP; p6acheva EM; Romanova OA ; et al. (2000)
hobo-induced rearrangements are responsible for mutation bursts at the yellow locus in a natural pop[...]
GP00001961
y
P09957
Morphology
y[2-717] - Inversion that occurred between two hobo elements: one located 129 bp from the start site of yellow transcription and the other in the distal telomere region. The yellow phenotype is caused by the separation of the body and wing enhancers from the transcription unit.
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species) D
yellow
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator
yellow
Coloration (body; wing)
Coding,
Insertion
N
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
Intraspecific
Candidate Gene
Heinze SD; Kohlbrenner T; Ippolito D ; et al. (2017)
CRISPR-Cas9 targeted disruption of the yellow ortholog in the housefly identifies the brown body loc[...]
GP00002623
y
P09957
Morphology
a 4 bp insertion at amino acid position 67 that causes a frameshift and a premature stop codon N
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Musca domestica
house fly - (species) D
yellow
Musca domestica
house fly - (species)
Published - Accepted by Curator